- Page 1 and 2: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE PROCESSES
- Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT The spionid polychaete Pyg
- Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to m
- Page 7 and 8: Results. . 65 Size distribution of
- Page 9 and 10: CHAPTER 9. GENERAL DISCUSSION . . 2
- Page 11 and 12: Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 6.1 Fi
- Page 13 and 14: LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Statistica
- Page 15 and 16: BACKGROUND CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A
- Page 17 and 18: The scales of observation, or the s
- Page 19 and 20: systematic sampling design to inves
- Page 21 and 22: aised sediment within an otherwise
- Page 23 and 24: Fauchald and Jumars (1979) describe
- Page 25: Dalmeny House and sewage discharged
- Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER 2 THE SMALL- To MESO-SCALE
- Page 31 and 32: Spatial autocorrelation analysis as
- Page 33 and 34: METHODS Scales of Spatial Variabili
- Page 35 and 36: sediment cores. This concern for th
- Page 37 and 38: that at least 90% of L. conchilega
- Page 39 and 40: variance to mean (v:m) ratio, I; Mo
- Page 41 and 42: RESULTS Scales of Spatial Variabili
- Page 43 and 44: Species Transect 20m 80m 100m 150m
- Page 45 and 46: Pattern Analysis - Grid Surveys A t
- Page 47 and 48: v : m pattern Id pattern Ip pattern
- Page 49 and 50: Table 2.5 shows the results of Spea
- Page 51 and 52: neighbouring samples usually assume
- Page 53 and 54: Cm 7m .11111.11011111011W 4m 5m N P
- Page 55 and 56: 1.3 (i) P. elegans (ii) A. marina t
- Page 57 and 58: the survey area, one must be cautio
- Page 59 and 60: 50m 45m 4Orn 35rn 30m 25m 20m 15m-
- Page 61 and 62: 103m 1030 200m 2050 (i) P. elegans
- Page 63 and 64: .t 0.6 0 74' 0.2 -0.2 2 3 4 5 Dista
- Page 65 and 66: 1.4 (ix) G. dttebeni 1.4 0.6 0.2 -0
- Page 67 and 68: surveys; 7 out of 9; 8 out of 10 an
- Page 69 and 70: mean ratio and spatial autocorrelat
- Page 71 and 72: lack of apparent correlation must b
- Page 73 and 74: The study described here has provid
- Page 75 and 76: Pygospio elegans has been shown to
- Page 77 and 78:
2) to discuss what implications the
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1991; Ragnarsson, 1996; Morgan, 199
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growth (Yokoyama, 1990) suggesting
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high and the population structure a
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Sex ratio of Pygospio elegans - Thr
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The larvae found within the female
- Page 89 and 90:
DISCUSSION The aim of this study wa
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1985; Morgan, 1997). These observat
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fragmentation at any one time. It i
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probably exist around Drum Sands wh
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This study has shown that, using re
- Page 99 and 100:
consequence of the detrimental effe
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mode of development exhibited by P.
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40m LOW WEED COVER (10-25%) 0 0 El
- Page 105 and 106:
emoved from the sediment surface be
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using an appropriate transformation
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species was significantly affected.
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25 — 20 — 5 — 30 — 25 — 2
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350 300 - Lti Eli 250 • > 200 - E
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After 20 weeks there was a signific
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DISCUSSION The effects of weed mats
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increase in numbers under the favou
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May-June 1997 (see Chapter 3) did n
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unless all these factors in the exp
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any one system depend upon the weed
- Page 127 and 128:
Area affected by macroalgal cover ,
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Data analyses - Only those species
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4 weeks Non-weed Weed 20 weeks Non-
- Page 133 and 134:
Sediment water, organic and silt/cl
- Page 135 and 136:
e 180 - 160 140 — 120 - 100 7 ...
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After 20 weeks, there was no signif
- Page 139 and 140:
DISCUSSION The two main aims of thi
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(e.g., Nicholls et al., 1981; Souls
- Page 143 and 144:
The possible role of algal-mat esta
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etween V. subsimplex mat establishm
- Page 147 and 148:
larvae (Santos and Simon, 1980a; Le
- Page 149 and 150:
METHODS Experimental design - Eight
- Page 151 and 152:
The size of the defaunated sediment
- Page 153 and 154:
out concurrent with the faunal expe
- Page 155 and 156:
distributed (Clarke, 1993) and, the
- Page 157 and 158:
statistically analysed. However, th
- Page 159 and 160:
Size-frequency analysis - Only 2 sp
- Page 161 and 162:
(i) APRIL Size (mm) % explained (ii
- Page 163 and 164:
(i) APRIL X 2 goodness of fit K-S S
- Page 165 and 166:
circles enclosing treatments were d
- Page 167 and 168:
I 60. 70. 80. 90. 100. BRAY-CURTIS
- Page 169 and 170:
I 60. 70. 80. 90. 100. BRAY-CURTIS
- Page 171 and 172:
4P 5P 4NP 3P 1P 2NP 6P 3NP 1NP 5NP
- Page 173 and 174:
changes in the numbers of P. elegan
- Page 175 and 176:
December .‘ P3 August NP2% P1' P2
- Page 177 and 178:
Sediment water, organic and silt/cl
- Page 179 and 180:
DISCUSSION The present study explic
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likely that the tube structure of d
- Page 183 and 184:
mortality and/or erosion were likel
- Page 185 and 186:
Cap itella capitata has planktonic
- Page 187 and 188:
CHAPTER 7 THE MICRO-SCALE SPATIAL P
- Page 189 and 190:
The presence of these P. elegans pa
- Page 191 and 192:
A more detailed investigation of mi
- Page 193 and 194:
ut uses each data point (abundance)
- Page 195 and 196:
24cm 22cm 20cm 18cm 16cm 14cm- 12cm
- Page 197 and 198:
esults which supported the density
- Page 199 and 200:
Month v:m ratio pattern Id pattern
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(x) June 1997, replicate 1 1111111n
- Page 203 and 204:
o 0 .2 1.5 (i) April 1997 (1) 0 5 -
- Page 205 and 206:
(i) May 1997, replicate 1 (random d
- Page 207 and 208:
cc.) N ,—, cn N ,—. Cr1 N r-I C
- Page 209 and 210:
Ocm (i) % Water content, replicate
- Page 211 and 212:
DISCUSSION This study specifically
- Page 213 and 214:
patchiness within which P. elegans
- Page 215 and 216:
of P. elegans within micro-scale pa
- Page 217 and 218:
CHAPTER 8 THE FAUNAL COMMUNITIES OF
- Page 219 and 220:
of tubes on near-bed flow and the i
- Page 221 and 222:
METHODS The sampling for the invest
- Page 223 and 224:
and non-patch samples respectively
- Page 225 and 226:
Size-frequency analysis - In additi
- Page 227 and 228:
5th Mir width OW seu ger width (hm)
- Page 229 and 230:
The size-frequency distributions of
- Page 231 and 232:
The ordination plots clearly show t
- Page 233 and 234:
4P 2P 6P 1P 3P 5P 4NP 6NP Figure 8.
- Page 235 and 236:
5P 3P EP 1P 4P 5NP 4NP 6NP Figure 8
- Page 237 and 238:
April 1997 August 1997 December 199
- Page 239 and 240:
;.N3 P2 .• FFI1 P3 P1 P1 Pi-t2 P3
- Page 241 and 242:
8 2 1„z 25.5 — 25 — 24.5 —
- Page 243 and 244:
DISCUSSION This study monitored the
- Page 245 and 246:
1986) and low level of replication
- Page 247 and 248:
sediments containing large numbers
- Page 249 and 250:
touched by M. balthica siphons. C.
- Page 251 and 252:
This study had 3 main aims, these w
- Page 253 and 254:
There are many sample designs which
- Page 255 and 256:
availability for patch foundation.
- Page 257 and 258:
capable of numerically dominating t
- Page 259 and 260:
species, e.g., P. elegans and C. ca
- Page 261 and 262:
REFERENCES Addicott J.F., Aho J.M.,
- Page 263 and 264:
Burgman M.A. and Williams M.R., 199
- Page 265 and 266:
Covill R.W., 1975. Bacteriological,
- Page 267 and 268:
Elliot J.M., 1977. Methods for the
- Page 269 and 270:
Grant J., Bathmann U.V. and Mills E
- Page 271 and 272:
Hsieh H.L., 1994. Habitat selection
- Page 273 and 274:
Legendre P. and Troussellier M., 19
- Page 275 and 276:
Mardia K.V., Kent J.T. and Bibby J.
- Page 277 and 278:
Noji C.I-M., 1994. Influence of the
- Page 279 and 280:
Peterson J.H. and DeAngelis D.L., 1
- Page 281 and 282:
Reise K., 1983b. Experimental remov
- Page 283 and 284:
Smith C.R. and Brumsickle S.J., 198
- Page 285 and 286:
Thistle D., Reidenauer J.A., Robert
- Page 287 and 288:
Valiela I., 1984. Marine ecological
- Page 289 and 290:
Woodin S.A., 1977. Algal 'gardening
- Page 291 and 292:
APPENDIX 1.1 : SPECIES ABUNDANCES F
- Page 293 and 294:
vD en vD C' tr) 00 tr) In C' 00 CN
- Page 295 and 296:
NO0000,-0000 ,-"t 0000cnNNO0000000,
- Page 297 and 298:
APPENDIX 1.3 : SPECIES ABUNDANCES F
- Page 299 and 300:
en n‘) s.0 Cr% I'.) •er CN en 0
- Page 301 and 302:
;I v .- _ .- 49c. c, 0, N N 40 7 ,.
- Page 303 and 304:
. N N_ . . _ CO . N N CC CD N _ ._
- Page 305 and 306:
g .. ., — — ,_ cc; V — .. ..
- Page 307 and 308:
PI V PI ^ ... ,_ _ „ C71 .: N c7,
- Page 309:
2. I r , , 2 I • WAN NW 1' ' MEN