THESIS APPROVAL
THESIS APPROVAL
THESIS APPROVAL
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during the sediment aging process, reflecting the changes in the physico-chemical<br />
interactions between the pyrene, sediment and pore water<br />
Weinstein et al. (2003) studied bioaccumulation and toxicity of sedimentassociated<br />
fluoranthene in the estuarine oligochaete Monopylephorus rubroniveus<br />
using both in the presence and absence of ultraviolet radiation. It was found that little<br />
mortality was observed following 10 d exposure with the LC50 higher than 3912 µg/g<br />
sediment dwt. Bioaccumulation of this chemical was high with mean BAFs varied<br />
between 1.6-23.0. This result demonstrated that Monopylephorus rubroniveus was<br />
highly tolerant of fluoranthene in the presence of sediment and could bioaccumulate<br />
fluoranthene to high levels.<br />
Hyotylainen and Oikari (2004) studied bioaccumulation of PAHs in the<br />
crosote-contaminated sediment of Lake Jamsanvesi in a 28 d laboratory-exposure<br />
using Lumbriculus variegatus as a bioassay. Chemical analyses showed that benzo<br />
(k) fluoranthene, anthracene and fluorine were the main PAH compounds present in<br />
the tissue of oligochaete, just as in the sediment. BSAFs of the individual PAHs<br />
varied from 1.2 to 5.7. It could be concluded that this worm species had a marked<br />
ability to accumulate and retain PAHs from creosote-contaminated sediment.<br />
Filipowicz et al. (2007) studied the potential for dietary transfer of sedimentassociated<br />
fluoranthene from Monopylephorus rubroniveus to grass shrimp<br />
Palaemonetes pugio using both in the presence and absence of sublethal water-borne<br />
concentrations of the metabolic inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide (PBO). It was found<br />
that all grass shrimp bioaccumulated fluoranthene with the higher in the presence of<br />
PBO. These results demonstrated that sediment-associated fluoranthene was<br />
transferred through the diet from oligochaetes to grass shrimp, but the<br />
biomagnification was low due to low trophic transfer coefficients (TTCs) calculated<br />
of 0.02 and 0.01 in the presence and absence of PBO, respectively. Finally, the<br />
presence of PBO enhanced fluoranthene bioaccumulation.<br />
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