THESIS APPROVAL

polychaete Streblospio benedicti had mean fluoranthene tissue residues 356.3 µg/g at
a sediment concentration 75.8 µg/g with the BAF 4.7 after 10 d exposure (Weinstein
and Sanger, 2003). For the chronic test with the same spionid species, Chandler et al.
(1997) found that the bioaccumulation of fluoranthene in this worm using 28 d
exposure were 2.46 and 32.9 µg/g, corporate with BAF of 9.5 and 13.7 at the
sediment concentration of 0.26 and 2.4 µg/g, respectively.
For the comparison of naphthalene accumulation in other infaunal benthic
invertebrates, tissue residues found in the present study were still greater than those
reported from previous studies. Vittor (2004) found that naphthalene was the only
PAH detected in the tissues of Nereis virens after the 28 d exposure with total average
concentrations between 25.8 and 34.2 µg/kg wwt. Roesijadi et al. (1978a, 1978b)
found that amount of total naphthalene accumulated by the sipunculid worm
Phascolosoma agassizii, and two clam species, Macoma inquinata and Protothaca
staminea, was quite low after 60 d exposed to contaminated sediment with the
concentration of 0.25, 2.24-2.68 and 0.18 ppm, respectively.
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The accumulation of PAH contaminants in aquatic biota may be depended
on many factors concerning with the properties of this chemical. As knowing that the
uptake of a contaminant in an organism is related to its water solubility represented by
the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) which has shown a positive correlation
with the bioaccumulation potential of organic chemical (Landrum and Robins, 1990;
Meador et al., 1995). In addition, Kow is adopted to estimate the potential for an
organic chemical to move from water into lipid in aquatic organism (ATSDR, 1990).
It is suggested that compound with high log Kow (5) have high BAF, and
contaminants with lower or higher logKow are either eliminated quickly or not
bioavailable due to extensive sorbtion to particulate matter in the sediment,
respectively (Landrum, 1989). Similarly, Watanabe et al. (2005) also reported that
the bioaccumulation potential is high for high molecular weight PAHs comprised of
four rings such as benzo (a) anthracene, followed by phenanthrene, comprised of three
fused rings aromatic, and is lowest for naphthalene comprised of two fused rings
aromatic which is the lowest molecular weight PAH compound. However, Bates et al.