THESIS APPROVAL
THESIS APPROVAL
THESIS APPROVAL
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polychaete Streblospio benedicti had mean fluoranthene tissue residues 356.3 µg/g at<br />
a sediment concentration 75.8 µg/g with the BAF 4.7 after 10 d exposure (Weinstein<br />
and Sanger, 2003). For the chronic test with the same spionid species, Chandler et al.<br />
(1997) found that the bioaccumulation of fluoranthene in this worm using 28 d<br />
exposure were 2.46 and 32.9 µg/g, corporate with BAF of 9.5 and 13.7 at the<br />
sediment concentration of 0.26 and 2.4 µg/g, respectively.<br />
For the comparison of naphthalene accumulation in other infaunal benthic<br />
invertebrates, tissue residues found in the present study were still greater than those<br />
reported from previous studies. Vittor (2004) found that naphthalene was the only<br />
PAH detected in the tissues of Nereis virens after the 28 d exposure with total average<br />
concentrations between 25.8 and 34.2 µg/kg wwt. Roesijadi et al. (1978a, 1978b)<br />
found that amount of total naphthalene accumulated by the sipunculid worm<br />
Phascolosoma agassizii, and two clam species, Macoma inquinata and Protothaca<br />
staminea, was quite low after 60 d exposed to contaminated sediment with the<br />
concentration of 0.25, 2.24-2.68 and 0.18 ppm, respectively.<br />
104<br />
The accumulation of PAH contaminants in aquatic biota may be depended<br />
on many factors concerning with the properties of this chemical. As knowing that the<br />
uptake of a contaminant in an organism is related to its water solubility represented by<br />
the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) which has shown a positive correlation<br />
with the bioaccumulation potential of organic chemical (Landrum and Robins, 1990;<br />
Meador et al., 1995). In addition, Kow is adopted to estimate the potential for an<br />
organic chemical to move from water into lipid in aquatic organism (ATSDR, 1990).<br />
It is suggested that compound with high log Kow (5) have high BAF, and<br />
contaminants with lower or higher logKow are either eliminated quickly or not<br />
bioavailable due to extensive sorbtion to particulate matter in the sediment,<br />
respectively (Landrum, 1989). Similarly, Watanabe et al. (2005) also reported that<br />
the bioaccumulation potential is high for high molecular weight PAHs comprised of<br />
four rings such as benzo (a) anthracene, followed by phenanthrene, comprised of three<br />
fused rings aromatic, and is lowest for naphthalene comprised of two fused rings<br />
aromatic which is the lowest molecular weight PAH compound. However, Bates et al.