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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)<br />

Figure Page<br />

25 Effect of pullulanase enzyme concentration (0 to 16 unit/g starch)<br />

on degree of pullulanase hydrolysis of 16 hr debranching of 15 %<br />

HARS preheated at 121°C for 30 min 113<br />

26 Effect of pullulanase enzyme concentration (0 to 16 unit/g starch)<br />

on β-amylolysis (%) of 16 hr debranching of 15% HARS<br />

preheated at 121°C for 30 min 114<br />

27 Effect of pullulanase enzyme concentration (0-16 unit/g starch for 16h)<br />

on degree of syneresis of 15 % HARS preheated at 121°C -30 min 115<br />

28 Effect of pullulanase enzyme concentration (0-16 unit/g starch for 16h)<br />

on starch digestibility (% dwb) of RS III formation from HARS 117<br />

29 Color and appearances of butter cakes prepared with HFCS-55<br />

replacement for sucrose at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100% 127<br />

30 Crust color appearances of butter cakes prepared with RS III<br />

replacement for cake flour at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% with an<br />

incorporated of 40:60% sucrose: HFCS 143<br />

31 Crumb color appearances of butter cakes prepared with RS III<br />

Appendix Figure<br />

replacement for cake flour at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% with an<br />

incorporated of 40:60% sucrose: HFCS 143<br />

A1 Standard curve for amylose determination 200<br />

A2 Standard curve for total sugar determination 203<br />

A3 Standard curve for reducing sugar determination 205<br />

B1 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) instrument 213<br />

B2 X-ray diffractometric instrument 215<br />

vii

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