Command-line management in vsphere 5.0 for service console users

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Command-Line Management in vSphere 5 for Service Console Users Many commands have options. Use an equal sign or a space between the option and the option value. esxcli storage nfs add --host= --share= --volume= esxcli storage nfs add --host --share --volume IMPORTANT For a complete list of ESXCLI commands, see the vSphere Command‐Line Interface Reference. The vSphere Command‐Line Interface Concepts and Examples document illustrates how to perform common tasks with ESXCLI or vicfg- commands. Shell Commands In contrast to VMware ESX, VMware ESXi does not include a console OS with a large set of shell commands and other software. However, a small set of shell commands is available in the ESXi Shell. IMPORTANT The commands are not tested or supported by VMware. Use VMware commands such as ESXCLI, vicfg- commands, and so on, instead. You can see a list of commands in /usr/bin. When you list the commands with ls -al, notice that several of the utilities are redirected to commands appropriate in the vSphere environment. The following commands produce different results than typical shell commands. Several commands are redirected to vmkvsitools. IMPORTANT vmkvsitools is intended for use with VMware Technical Support. Do not use vmkvsitools to manage your system. Ping commands are redirected to vmkping. Some additional commands are available in the ESXi Shell for certain troubleshooting tasks. Use these commands when instructed by a VMware Knowledge Base article or VMware Technical Support staff. User management commands are deprecated. Go to /usr/bin and run ls -a to see a complete list. Replacing Agents With ESX 4.x, management agents and hardware monitoring and management agents run in the service console. With ESXi 5, agents are implemented in other ways. Management agents. VMware partners create management agents by using one of the vSphere APIs. Hardware agents. Developers use CIM (Common Information Model) agents. CIM is a standards-based approach to monitoring hardware resources. CIM output is readable by third-party management tools. The VMkernel can include both VMware CIM providers and Partner CIM providers. Use a vSphere Client logged in to a vCenter Server system to view hardware information including alarms. Use the vSphere Client extension framework or the vSphere CIM SDK for customization. Infrastructure service agents. Administrators can use agents available in the ESXi Shell. Agents include hostd (host daemon), vpxa, NTP, syslog, SNMP, and so on. Use the vSphere SDK, vCLI commands, or ESXCLI commands to manage the agents. Table 2. Infrastructure Services for Production Environments Function ESX ESXi Management Time synchronization NTP agent in service console Centralized log collection Syslog agent in service console Built-in NTP service vicfg-ntp command Built-in Syslog service esxcli system syslog commands vSphere Client VMware, Inc. 10
Table 2. Infrastructure Services for Production Environments (Continued) Logging in vSphere 5 Command-Line Management in vSphere 5 for Service Console Users Function ESX ESXi Management SNMP monitoring SNMP agent in service console Local access authentication Logging in vSphere 5 has been significantly enhanced. You now have fine-grained control over system logs, the location where logs are sent, and, for each log, default size and rotation policy. You can set up logging with the vSphere Client or with the esxcli system syslog command. You can also set up logging behavior for a host by using the Host Profiles interface in the vSphere Client and can then import that host profile into other hosts. Remote Logging Setup in ESXi You can move most ESXi logging information off the host. Collecting data to a central location is especially useful for hosts provisioned with Auto Deploy. You can perform these tasks: Set up NTP on the ESXi hosts you are monitoring and on the systems that host the logging services or store the logs. You can use the vSphere Client or the vicfg-ntp vCLI command to set up NTP. Configure syslog to save logs to a remote host. You can send logs to a specific directory, and configure subloggers. See “Using ESXCLI for Syslog Configuration” on page 11. vCenter Server and ESXi have SNMP agents. You can set up the vCenter Server SNMP agent with the vSphere Client. You can set up the ESXi SNMP agent with the vSphere Client or the esxcli system snmp commands. See vSphere Command‐Line Interface Solutions and Examples. Listen for CIM indications. Active Directory (AD) agent in service console Built in Active Directory service Using ESXCLI for Syslog Configuration Built-in SNMP service esxcli system snmp command Built-in Active Directory service vSphere Client vicfg-authconfig vCLI command. The esxcli system syslog command allows you to configure the logging behavior of your ESXi system. You can perform the same customizations with the vSphere client, as discussed in the vCenter Server and Host Management documentation. The command has the following options: Table 3. esxcli syslog Options Option Description mark Mark all logs with the specified string. reload Reload the configuration and update any configuration values that have changed. config get Retrieve the current configuration. config set Set the configuration. Use one of the following options. --logdir= – Save logs to a given path. --loghost= – Send logs to a given host (see discussion on loghost format below) --logdir-unique= – Specify whether the log should go to a unique subdirectory of the directory specified in logdir. --default-rotate= – Default number of log rotations to keep --default-size= – Size before rotating logs, in kilobytes. VMware, Inc. 11
Page 1 and 2: Technical Note Command-Line Managem
Page 3 and 4: Figure 1. Command-Line Interfaces i
Page 5 and 6: Using the ESXi Shell Command-Line M
Page 7 and 8: Setting Timeouts for the ESXi Shell
Page 9: 5 Change the SSH options. To tempo
Page 13 and 14: ESX 4.x shell ESXi 5.x shell Descri
Page 15 and 16: Table 4. Replacements for Service C
Page 17 and 18: Command-Line Management in vSphere
Page 19 and 20: Table 9. esxcfg-advcfg Replacement
Page 21 and 22: Table 11. ESXCLI Information Retrie
Page 23 and 24: Table 14. esxcfg-hwiscsi Replacemen
Page 25 and 26: Table 18. esxcfg-mpath Replacement
Page 27 and 28: Table 22. esxcfg-vmknic Replacement
Page 29 and 30: Table 24. esxcfg-vswitch Replacemen

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