Migration in the Russian Federation: A Country Profile 2008 - EU ...
Migration in the Russian Federation: A Country Profile 2008 - EU ...
Migration in the Russian Federation: A Country Profile 2008 - EU ...
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tries or source countries of migrants’ remittances to Russia <strong>in</strong> 2005 were Ukra<strong>in</strong>e<br />
(USD 1,220 million), Kazakhstan (USD 461 million), Israel (USD 212 million),<br />
Belarus (USD 189 million), United States (USD 166 million), Uzbekistan (USD<br />
111 million), and Germany (USD 78 million).<br />
Meanwhile, <strong>the</strong> key countries receiv<strong>in</strong>g remittances from Russia <strong>in</strong> 2005<br />
were Armenia (USD 484 million), Azerbaijan (USD 432 million), Moldova (USD<br />
340 million), Tadzhikistan (USD 268 million), Ukra<strong>in</strong>e (USD 309 million), Belarus<br />
(USD 168 million), Georgia (USD 201 million), Kyrgyzstan (USD 138 million),<br />
and Kazakhstan (USD 122 million). 35<br />
The World Bank figures do not <strong>in</strong>clude remittances from Russia to Ch<strong>in</strong>a<br />
and Uzbekistan. Citizens of <strong>the</strong>se two countries occupy <strong>the</strong> first and third places,<br />
respectively, by <strong>the</strong> number of persons officially engaged <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> economy of Russia<br />
(see Table 29). In 2006, Uzbekistan was <strong>the</strong> foremost recipient of remittances<br />
from Russia, estimated at more than one billion US dollars, 36 and this is expected<br />
to <strong>in</strong>crease fur<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong> 2007.<br />
Dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> period January-September 2007, <strong>the</strong> remittances received by private<br />
persons <strong>in</strong> Russia were USD 1,193 billion based on CBR data. Remittances<br />
sent by physical persons from Russia amounted to USD 6,317 million (<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
USD 5,733 million sent to <strong>the</strong> CIS countries). The ma<strong>in</strong> recipient countries were<br />
Uzbekistan (USD 1,100 million), Tadzhikistan (USD 1,080 million), Ukra<strong>in</strong>e<br />
(USD 925 million), Armenia (USD 629 million), Moldova (USD 536 million),<br />
Kyrgyzstan (USD 476 million), and Azerbaijan (USD 445 million).<br />
Individual transfers<br />
Accord<strong>in</strong>g to CBR data, <strong>the</strong> average amount of remittance transfers from<br />
<strong>the</strong> CIS countries show a steady <strong>in</strong>crease dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> last couple of years. In 2006,<br />
<strong>the</strong> average transfer rose to USD 511 from USD 457 <strong>in</strong> 2005, and fur<strong>the</strong>r to USD<br />
531 <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> third quarter of 2007. The average amount of remittance transfer to<br />
Uzbekistan was USD 593; to Tadzhikistan, USD 541; to Ukra<strong>in</strong>e, USD 445; and<br />
to Moldova, USD 558. Accord<strong>in</strong>g to experts at <strong>the</strong> CBR, <strong>the</strong> reason for <strong>the</strong> higher<br />
average amount of remittance transfer to Uzbekistan and Tadzhikistan compared<br />
with that <strong>in</strong> Ukra<strong>in</strong>e is because <strong>the</strong> transfers to Uzbekistan and Tadzhikistan are<br />
consolidated transfers, mean<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> money resources of several people are given to<br />
one authorized representative who transfer <strong>the</strong> remittances as a s<strong>in</strong>gle amount. 37<br />
35 Ibid.<br />
36 Mukomel and Mkrtchyan (<strong>2008</strong>), Ibid.<br />
37 http://www.cbr.ru/search/pr<strong>in</strong>t.asp?File=/statistics/crossborder/cross-border_06.htm<br />
<strong>Migration</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Russian</strong> <strong>Federation</strong>: A <strong>Country</strong> <strong>Profile</strong> <strong>2008</strong>