Kelly Anderson, Cole Darling, Meagan Kia, Alex Perakis, Tara Peters
Kelly Anderson, Cole Darling, Meagan Kia, Alex Perakis, Tara Peters
Kelly Anderson, Cole Darling, Meagan Kia, Alex Perakis, Tara Peters
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<strong>Kelly</strong> <strong>Anderson</strong>, <strong>Cole</strong> <strong>Darling</strong>, <strong>Meagan</strong> Ki3,<br />
<strong>Alex</strong> <strong>Perakis</strong>, <strong>Tara</strong> <strong>Peters</strong>
Introduction<br />
• Phantom limb syndrome is a sensa
History<br />
• The first recorded observa
Historical Treatment Failures<br />
• Previously thought to be induced by irrita
Clicker Question<br />
As a therapy some pa
Types of Sensations<br />
• Stump pain-‐ pain referred to the amputa
Phantom Posture and Movements<br />
• Same posi
Phantom Posture and Movement<br />
• Pa
Symptoms<br />
• Who it affects<br />
o Amputees with long-‐term stump pain or sudden trauma
Symptoms<br />
• Pain can last for a few days or up to 60 or more years.<br />
o Pain can some
Body Schema: Knowing your body<br />
and its appendages<br />
• Large scale, overall understanding of body<br />
• Internal, dynamic representa
Body Schemas provide the template<br />
for perceiving Phantom Limbs<br />
Damage to sensory systems result in many perceptual aberra
Changes to the Nervous System
Mirror Neurons and their rela0onship to<br />
the body schema<br />
• Somatosensory cortex<br />
• Ac
Cortical Reorganization<br />
• Invasion by neighboring areas<br />
• Not always physical proximity
Clicker Question<br />
Do you think the magnitude of cor
Cortical reorganization in human<br />
amputees
Treatment and Therapy<br />
• General analgesics, an
Prosthe0cs and PLP<br />
• Perceive phantom limb<br />
to be more distal with<br />
myoelectric prosthesis<br />
• Prosthesis is<br />
incorporated into body<br />
schema
Prosthetic use for treatment of PLP<br />
• Over two-‐week training period, amputees were trained in use of<br />
myoelectric prosthe
Prosthetic use for treatment of PLP<br />
Weiss, et.al 1999
Mirror Box Therapy for PLP<br />
• Changes in Phantom Limb Pain were<br />
measured on a 100-‐mm Visual-‐Analogue<br />
Scale<br />
• Higher scores indicate a greater severity<br />
of pain<br />
• Mirror therapy reduced PLP in pa
Mirror Neurons and PLP<br />
• Neurons that are ac
PLP and Mirror Box Therapy Video
Types of Phantom Sensations<br />
• Phantom limb sensa
Tinnitus- Phantom Perception of<br />
Sound<br />
• Occurs in 4-‐15% of the general popula
Tinnitus linked to less gray matter<br />
loss in hearing loss patients<br />
Husain, et al. 2011
Phantom Eye Syndrome<br />
• seen in 50% of pa
References<br />
• h3p://www.scien
Thank you
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