Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

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Cost by Standard Industry Categories Section 3: Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use The potential costs for a recycled wastewater supply are shown in Figure 3.7 and listed in Table 3.10 for the general industry categories. Costs listed in Table 3.10 are for both the treatment and total system costs of a 5-mile transmission system, while Figure 3.7 displays only the treatment costs. As expected, the range of costs is high given the diversity of industries in these general industry categories and the variable Figure 3.7. Range of Treatment Costs for a 1 mgd Supply by Industry Category Water Utility Costs --------------------------- Power Cooling-Recirculating Power Cooling-OnceThrough Other (Miscellaneous) Non-Metals Metals Petroleum/Chemical/Ethanol Industrial Cooling-OnceThrough Sand & Gravel Washing $0 Mining Pulp & Paper Agricultural 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Recycled Wastewater Supply Treatment Cost Range* ($/1000 gallons) *Costs in addition to recycled wastewater base system costs water quality of WWTP effluent. However, the values indicate that, for a 1 mgd supply transmitted 5 miles, the cost of service for lower levels of treatment can compete with potable water supplies. Most industries with a water demand of 1 mgd or less are more likely to use a potable source, depending on their water quality requirements. For these industries, reclaimed water could provide an alternative to a potable source, assuming multiple industries are supplied from one WWTP for a combined demand of 1 mgd or higher. Storage Costs While most WWTPs have a consistent diurnal pattern that varies during the weekdays and weekend, recycled wastewater demand will vary with the customer or set of customers. For this study, storage costs were estimated based on the assumption that 50% of the water volume produced per day could be stored. Additional storage that may be required by individual customers and located at the customer’s sites was not considered in this analysis. Storage was assumed to be provided in an underground concrete tank, for which the unit cost of construction is estimated to be $1.70/gallon of the storage. The capital cost of storage was estimated to be $850,000 per mgd of the annual average recycled wastewater demand. When included in the cost of service, storage is estimated to add approximately 20 cents to the total system cost to produce 1000 gallons. Storage costs equate to about 13% of the cost of service for a 1 mgd supply with a 5-mile transmission system. For a 1 mgd recycled wastewater system supplying a “base” quality water, storage was estimated to increase costs from $1.35/1000 gallons to $1.55/1000 gallons. Metropolitan Council Environmental Services 53
Section 3: Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use Table 3.10. Costs to Supply Recycled Wastewater to Minnesota Industries Industry Category Type of Water Use Cost of Service, $1000 gallons 1 of Recycled Wastewater Quality Classification 2 Base Tertiary-1 Tertiary-2 Tertiary-3 Tertiary-4 Advanced Secondary Conven- tional Membrane Filtration Membrane Softening Advanced Processes Range of Costs, $/1000 gallons Treatment Above Base System Total System Agricultural Cooling, Boiler Feed – $1.70/$3.05 – $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $1.70-$3.70 $2.40-$5.00 Pulp & Paper Process, Boiler Feed – $1.70/$3.05 $1.10/$2.45 $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $1.70-$3.70 $2.40-$5.00 Mining Process, Boiler Feed $0/$1.35 $1.70/$3.05 – $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $0-$3.70 $1.35-$5.00 Sand & Gravel Washing Process $0/$1.35 – – – – $0 $1.35 Industrial Cooling-Once- Through Cooling Water Cooling, Process, Boiler $0/$1.35 $1.70/$3.05 – $2.40/$3.75 – $0-$2.40 $1.35-$3.75 Petroleum, Chemical & Ethanol Feed Process, Cooling, Boiler – $1.70/$3.05 – $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $1.70-$3.70 $2.40-$5.00 Metals Feed – $1.70/$3.05 – $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $1.70-$3.70 $2.40-$5.00 Non-Metals Process $0/$1.35 $1.70/$3.05 $1.10/$2.45 $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $0-$3.70 $1.35-$5.00 Other (Miscellaneous) Power Cooling-Once- Process $0/$1.35 $1.70/$3.05 $1.10/$2.45 $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $0-$3.70 $1.35-$5.00 Through/Other Cooling, Boiler Feed $0/$1.35 $1.70/$3.05 $1.10/$2.45 $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $0-$3.70 $1.35-$5.00 Power Cooling-Recirculating Cooling, Boiler Feed – $1.70/$3.05 $1.10/$2.45 $2.40/$3.75 $3.70/$5.00 $1.70-$3.70 $2.40-$5.00 1 Represent the costs to provide 1 mgd of recycled wastewater a distance of 5 miles. First value is the treatment cost and the second value is the total system cost in $/1000 gallons. (e.g. For Metals industries: the treatment costs are estimated to range from $1.70-$3.70/1000 gallons and the total system costs are estimated to range from $3.05-$5.00/1000 gallons). 2 Refer to Table 3.6 for relationship of recycled wastewater classification to industry categories. 54 Metropolitan Council Environmental Services
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Acknowledgements This study was con
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Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
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Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
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Executive Summary Vision Executive
Page 10 and 11: Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Project
Page 12 and 13: Table 1.2. Water Use in Minnesota,
Page 14 and 15: Section 1: Introduction Recycling T
Page 16 and 17: 1.5 Summary Section 1: Introduction
Page 18 and 19: Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
Page 26 and 27: Figure 2.9. Ground Water Contaminat
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Page 31: Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
Page 38 and 39: Table 2.8. Ethanol Plant Capacity a
Page 42 and 43: 2.7 References Section 2: Recycled
Page 44 and 45: Section 3: Recycled Wastewater Syst
Page 46 and 47: Water Quality Overview The total co
Page 48 and 49: Industrial Water Quality Concerns S
Page 50 and 51: Emerging Contaminants of Concern Se
Page 56 and 57: 3.4 Storage and Transmission Overvi
Page 62 and 63: Costs and Planning Considerations S
Page 64 and 65: Section 4: Implementation Considera
Page 66 and 67: Economic Incentives and Risk Assess
Page 68 and 69: Section 5: Summary and Potential Ne
Page 70 and 71: Long-Term Vision Section 5: Summary
Page 72: Exhibit A: California Water Recycli
Page 75 and 76: Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
Page 77 and 78: Contents Section 1 - Introduction C
Page 79 and 80: Craddock Consulting Engineers In As
Page 81 and 82: Section 1 Introduction Craddock Con
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Page 89 and 90: Section 2 Implementation Considerat
Page 95 and 96: Table 2.4. Examples of State Water
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Section 2 Implementation Considerat
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 3-1 I
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Section 3 Inventory of Major WWTPs
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Figure 3.6. Industrial Reuse Custom
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Figure 3.7b. Ground Water Availabil
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") Figure 3.8c. Cedar River Watersh
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") ") ") ") Figure 3.10c. Lower Mis
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Figure 3.12c. Mississippi River - H
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Figure 3.14b. Rainy River Watershed
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") Figure 3.16c. St. Croix River Wa
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Figure 3.18 Metro Area Industrial R
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G G Flying Cloud Dr !! G! G Figure
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Figure 3.22. Rogers WWTP - Industri
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G G G! Dodd Rd GG Figure 3.24. Rose
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G Figure 3.26. Hastings WWTP - Indu
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State Hwy 36 ! Figure 3.28. St. Cro
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Craddock Consulting Engineers In As
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Water Use Code Categories Minnesota
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Minnesota Water Use for All Categor
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Air Conditioning 0.2% Waterworks 15
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Minnesota Water Use, 2000-2004 - St
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Minnesota Water Use in 2004 (withou
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Minnesota Water Use in 2000 (withou
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UseCode by Year Minnesota Power Gen
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 350
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 120
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 13.
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Overview There are no federal regul
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Appendix B Status of Water Reuse Re
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Table 4. Examples of State Water Re
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Setback Distances Appendix B Status
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 3.5
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Table 3.9a. Industrial Water Use in
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Table 3.10a. Industrial Water Use i
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Table 3.10d. Industries in the Lowe
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 8 7
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 12
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Table 3.12c. Industries in the Miss
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Table 3.17c. Industries in the West
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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Minnesota DNR Waters 2005 Ground-wa
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Permit No. Organization NAICS Code
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Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
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TM2: Sampling Plan and Results Recy
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Recommended Limits for Various Indu
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Exhibit B Blue Lake WWTP Sampling R
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MCES Blue Lake Plant Final Effluent
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Date Day of Wk MCES Blue Lake Plant
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MCES Empire Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Date Day of Wk 10/24/06 Tuesday 10/
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Exhibit D Metropolitan (Metro) WWTP
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MCES Metropolitan Plant Final Efflu
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Date Day of Wk 4/19/07 Thursday 4/2
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MCES Seneca Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Date Day of Wk 10/8/06 Sunday 10/9/
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Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
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Section 5 - Costs Table of Contents
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TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Com
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WWTP 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 Treatmen
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o Synthetic medium o Two-stage Surf
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Table 13 WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF
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Cost of Service, $/1000 gallon 1.00
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Cost of Service, $/1000 gallons 8.0
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Appendix A Water Reuse Regulatory E
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Table A-1. 2000 California Water Re
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California Department of Health Ser
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Other Media Type Filters Fuzzy Filt
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Appendix B TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM Rec
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Appendix B Reclaimed Water Transmis
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Exhibit 1 Transmission Main Cost To
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Pipe Installation Data (DR 18 PVC P
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Equipment Costs (with O&P) Item Des
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Water Reuse Pipe Line Construction
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Construction Unit Costs Item (2006
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Crew Costs (with O&P) St. Paul Pres
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Capital PROJECT Cost Curves for Rec
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $/1000 g
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Annual Pipe Average Annual Velocity
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Exhibit 3 Water Reuse System O&M Co
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow (
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Pumping Cost, $/1000 gallons 0.095
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Water Reuse System Estimated Cost o
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WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF SERVICE
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Appendix D-1 Water Reuse System Cos
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Water Reuse System Estimates of Pro
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Cost Curves as Basis for Tertiary 1
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Secondary Treatment Assumptions Sus
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
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TM4: WWTP Effluent Quality Recyclin
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Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
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No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
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Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
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No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
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1.0 Introduction This technical mem
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Exhibit A Regulatory Stakeholder Me
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MCES Recycling Treated Wastewater f
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Municipal Wastewater Reuse Regulato
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Exhibit B Industry Stakeholder Meet
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Recycling Treated Wastewater For In
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Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
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Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
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Exhibit C Broader Base Stakeholder
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Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

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