Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs
Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use
Treatment
o Defines the water quality requirements for industrial water uses and to meet
regulatory requirements.
o Provides an overview of treatment technologies to meet reclaimed water
quality requirements.
o Establishes the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) processes for a “base”
level of treatment.
o Identifies treatment technologies for specific industrial uses, with a focus on
those with optimum application in Minnesota.
Storage and Transmission
o Provides an overview of considerations for storage, pumping, and
transmission piping in a water reuse system.
o Defines the assumptions used to establish storage and transmission costs.
Costs
o Defines the financial criteria, other cost assumptions, and describes the cost
model developed for this study.
o Presents the cost of service for a “base system” and alternative reclaimed
water quality supplies.
o Summarizes the cost information and relevance to implementation of water
reuse systems with industries in Minnesota.
2.0 Water Reuse System Components
2.1 Overview
Water reuse systems are generally categorized as a centralized system, satellite system
or decentralized system. In a centralized water reuse system, all wastewater flow is
collected and treated at a central WWTP and distributed to customers from this
facility. In a satellite system, a portion of the raw wastewater is diverted to a separate
facility for treatment and distribution of reclaimed water. The sludge and waste
streams from the satellite treatment facility may be directed back to the collection
system for treatment at the main WWTP. Satellite systems are typically located in the
upper reaches of the service area where there is a concentrated demand for reclaimed
water. Satellite systems provide the reclaimed supply in close proximity to the
customer and avoid the longer transmission mains required to supply water from the
central WWTP, plus free up capacity in the collection system and central WWTP.
Decentralized systems consist of the collection, treatment, and reuse of wastewater
from individual homes, isolated communities, industries, institutional facilities, or
portions of existing communities near the point of wastewater generation. Treatment
of the wastewater and management of sludge and waste streams is all onsite and is
separate from a central collection and treatment system (Metcalf & Eddy, 2007). These
three configurations are illustrated in Figure 1.
2 Craddock Consulting Engineers
In Association with CDM & James Crook
TM3-Component&Costs_0707