Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

Contents
Section 1 – Introduction
1.1 Objectives...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Memorandum Contents.............................................................................................. 1
Section 2 – Water Reuse System Components
2.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Basis for this Study ..................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Conceptual Model ...................................................................................................... 3
Section 3 – Treatment
3.1 Industrial Water Quality Requirements .................................................................. 5
3.1.1 Regulatory Requirements ........................................................................... 5
3.1.2 User-Specific Requirements ........................................................................ 6
3.2 Water Reuse Treatment Technologies ...................................................................... 7
3.2.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 7
3.2.2 Enhanced Suspended and Dissolved Solids Removal
(Chemical Addition/Softening) .................................................................. 9
3.2.3 Residual Suspended and Colloidal Solids Removal (Filtration) .......... 10
3.2.4 Residual Dissolved Solids Removal (Demineralization/Softening).... 13
3.2.5 Residual and Specific Trace Constituent Removal
(Multiple Processes) ................................................................................... 15
3.2.6 Disinfection (Microorganism Removal /Inactivation) .......................... 17
3.3 Municipal WWTP Processes and Water Quality .................................................. 18
3.3.1 Overview ...................................................................................................... 18
3.3.2 Base WWTP Definition and Effluent Quality.......................................... 18
3.3.3 Base WWTP Unit Processes ....................................................................... 19
3.4 Selection of Water Reuse Treatment Technologies for Specific Industrial
Water Uses ................................................................................................................. 22
3.4.1 Factors to Consider ..................................................................................... 22
3.4.2 Technologies by Target Constituent......................................................... 22
3.4.3 Treatment Technologies for Minnesota Industry Reuse
Applications............................................................................................... 23
Section 4 – Storage and Transmission
4.1 Overview .................................................................................................................... 27
4.2 Storage......................................................................................................................... 27
4.3 Pumping...................................................................................................................... 28
4.4 Transmission Pipelines ............................................................................................. 28
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In Association with CDM & James Crook