Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

Contents
Volume I – Final Report
Contents
Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use
Executive Summary
Vision ..................................................................................................................................................1
Findings and Next Steps ......................................................................................................................1
Section 1 – Introduction
1.1 Project Vision .....................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Water Use in Minnesota .....................................................................................................................4
1.3 Wastewater Recycling Background ....................................................................................................6
Industrial .......................................................................................................................................6
Urban.............................................................................................................................................6
Agricultural ...................................................................................................................................7
Environmental and Recreational ...................................................................................................7
Ground Water Recharge................................................................................................................7
Augmentation of Potable Supplies................................................................................................7
1.4 Wastewater Recycling in Minnesota ...................................................................................................7
Setting and Drivers........................................................................................................................7
Wastewater Recycling Applications in Minnesota .......................................................................8
1.5 Summary..............................................................................................................................................9
1.6 References ..........................................................................................................................................9
Section 2 – Recycled Wastewater Demand and Supply
2.1 Statewide Inventory ..........................................................................................................................11
Industrial Water Demand ............................................................................................................11
Treated Wastewater Supply ........................................................................................................13
Proximity of Industries Relative to WWTPs...............................................................................14
2.2 Regional Inventory ............................................................................................................................16
Watershed Analysis Overview....................................................................................................16
Industrial Water Use – Lower Mississippi River Watershed......................................................16
Treated Wastewater Supply – Lower Mississippi River Watershed...........................................21
Proximity of Industries Relative to WWTPs – Lower Mississippi River Watershed .................21
Factors Influencing Potential for Industrial Use of Recycled Wastewater – Lower
Mississippi River Watershed ................................................................................................24
2.3 Twin Cities Metro Area Inventory ....................................................................................................24
2.4 WWTP Focus – Empire and Rosemount WWTP Inventories...........................................................27
2.5 Industry Focus – Ethanol Plant Inventory ........................................................................................29
2.6 Summary ...........................................................................................................................................32
Demand vs. Supply .....................................................................................................................32
Factors Influencing Potential for Industrial Use of Recycled Wastewater .................................34
2.7 References .........................................................................................................................................35
Section 3 – Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs
3.1 Recycled Wastewater System Overview ...........................................................................................37
3.2 Water Quality Requirements .............................................................................................................38
Water Quality Overview..........................................................................................................39
Industrial Water Quality Concerns ..........................................................................................41
3.3 Recycled Wastewater Quality and Treatment Technologies.............................................................43
Overview..................................................................................................................................43
Recycled Wastewater Quality..................................................................................................44
Recycled Wastewater Classifications ......................................................................................45
Treatment Technologies...........................................................................................................46
Metropolitan Council Environmental Services i