Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use
Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use
Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Demand & Supply Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use 2.2 Regional Inventory Watershed Analysis Overview Regional demand and supply were analyzed on a watershed basis to provide a more detailed account of industrial demand and proximity to a treated wastewater supply. Figure 2.7 identifies the ten major watersheds in Minnesota. This section of the report focuses on the Lower Mississippi River watershed as an example of the analysis provided for each watershed documented in Volume II-Appendix 1. Indices on the availability of ground water supplies and the susceptibility of these supplies to contamination were also applied regionally to determine areas for which wastewater recycling may help protect ground water resources. Water supply availability is reviewed on a regional level using the MDNR’s classification of Minnesota into six ground water areas (MDNR, 2005). The areas are categorized by the general availability of ground water in the bedrock and two overlying sediment layers classified as surficial sands and buried sands, shown in Figure 2.8. Appendix II-1 (Appendix D) contains the classification system and supporting documentation. Additional information on quantity and quality of ground water is summarized from the MPCA’s regional ground water profiles (MPCA, 1995). The statewide assessment of susceptibility to ground water contamination (MPCA, 1989), as shown in Figure 2.9, is also used to identify ground water supply issues. These assessments by MDNR and MPCA provide higher level indicators of ground water quantity and quality concerns that can be applied uniformly across the state. Industrial Water Use – Lower Mississippi River Watershed The Lower Mississippi River watershed has a diverse base of industries, as summarized in Table 2.4 and Figures 2.10 and 2.11. The largest water use is related to power generation facilities (nuclear power plant, steam power cooling and miscellaneous power generation uses). Over 570 mgd of water was used for power generation in 2004, of which all but 1 mgd was obtained from surface water supplies. The Prairie Island Nuclear Plant used over 500 mgd in 2004 and another 70 mgd was used for once-through cooling at the Xcel facility near Red Wing and the Rochester Public Utilities plant. There are several agricultural processing facilities in this watershed with a combined water use of 2.9 mgd in 2004. Flint Hills Resources withdrew 6.5 mgd from its set of wells for processing of petrochemical products. Table 2.4. Industrial Water Use in the Lower Mississippi River Watershed 2004 Water Use, mgd Industry Category Ground Water Surface Water Total Agricultural Processing 3 0 3 Industrial Process Cooling - Once Through
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Section 2: Recycled <strong>Wastewater</strong> Demand & Supply<br />
<strong>Recycling</strong> <strong>Treated</strong> <strong>Municipal</strong> <strong>Wastewater</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Industrial</strong> <strong>Water</strong> <strong>Use</strong><br />
2.2 Regional Inventory<br />
<strong>Water</strong>shed Analysis Overview<br />
Regional demand and supply were analyzed on a watershed basis to provide a more detailed account of<br />
industrial demand and proximity to a treated wastewater supply. Figure 2.7 identifies the ten major<br />
watersheds in Minnesota. This section of the report focuses on the Lower Mississippi River watershed as<br />
an example of the analysis provided <strong>for</strong> each watershed documented in Volume II-Appendix 1.<br />
Indices on the availability of ground water supplies and the susceptibility of these supplies to<br />
contamination were also applied regionally to determine areas <strong>for</strong> which wastewater recycling may help<br />
protect ground water resources. <strong>Water</strong> supply availability is reviewed on a regional level using the<br />
MDNR’s classification of Minnesota into six ground water areas (MDNR, 2005). The areas are<br />
categorized by the general availability of ground water in the bedrock and two overlying sediment layers<br />
classified as surficial sands and buried sands, shown in Figure 2.8. Appendix II-1 (Appendix D) contains<br />
the classification system and supporting documentation. Additional in<strong>for</strong>mation on quantity and quality of<br />
ground water is summarized from the MPCA’s regional ground water profiles (MPCA, 1995). The<br />
statewide assessment of susceptibility to ground water contamination (MPCA, 1989), as shown in Figure<br />
2.9, is also used to identify ground water supply issues. These assessments by MDNR and MPCA provide<br />
higher level indicators of ground water quantity and quality concerns that can be applied uni<strong>for</strong>mly across<br />
the state.<br />
<strong>Industrial</strong> <strong>Water</strong> <strong>Use</strong> – Lower Mississippi River <strong>Water</strong>shed<br />
The Lower Mississippi River watershed has a diverse base of industries, as summarized in Table 2.4 and<br />
Figures 2.10 and 2.11. The largest water use is related to power generation facilities (nuclear power plant,<br />
steam power cooling and miscellaneous power generation uses). Over 570 mgd of water was used <strong>for</strong><br />
power generation in 2004, of which all but 1 mgd was obtained from surface water supplies. The Prairie<br />
Island Nuclear Plant used over 500 mgd in 2004 and another 70 mgd was used <strong>for</strong> once-through cooling<br />
at the Xcel facility near Red Wing and the Rochester Public Utilities plant. There are several agricultural<br />
processing facilities in this watershed with a combined water use of 2.9 mgd in 2004. Flint Hills<br />
Resources withdrew 6.5 mgd from its set of wells <strong>for</strong> processing of petrochemical products.<br />
Table 2.4. <strong>Industrial</strong> <strong>Water</strong> <strong>Use</strong> in the Lower Mississippi River <strong>Water</strong>shed<br />
2004 <strong>Water</strong> <strong>Use</strong>, mgd<br />
Industry Category Ground <strong>Water</strong> Surface <strong>Water</strong> Total<br />
Agricultural Processing 3 0 3<br />
<strong>Industrial</strong> Process Cooling - Once Through