Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use
Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use
Section 3 Inventory of Major WWTPs and Potential Industrial Reuse Demands Flint Hills Resources is the largest non-power related industrial water user in this watershed. Approximately 7 mgd was pumped from its well field in 2004 for its total facility use. They are in the process of system modifications to reuse their process water rather than add an additional well. Municipal WWTP effluent use at Flint Hills Resources was evaluated during the facility planning stages of the Met Council’s Empire WWTP expansion; the outfall for this plant will be moved to discharge into the Upper Mississippi River watershed and will be within 2 miles of Flint Hills Resources. While earlier discussions on reclaimed water from Empire were not pursued because of water quality issues, notably high chlorides in the Empire WWTP effluent, it is possible that potential future Flint Hills Resources expansions could consider this source. Also, the industrial areas along the outfall could benefit from this potential 24 mgd source of reclaimed water. More detailed investigations of this area will be conducted in Task 2. Factors Influencing Potential for Industrial Reuse The majority of the Lower Mississippi River watershed has a good bedrock source water supply that most communities rely on as their primary water source. Most of the watershed is in Ground Water Area 3 of the state, with eastern regions in Area 2 and the northern reaches in Area 1. All three areas have a reliable and productive bedrock aquifer. Area 3 has extensive near-surface karst areas that result in aquifers being vulnerable to contamination. There is wide-spread nitrate contamination in near-surface aquifers as well occurrences of pesticides and other contaminants. The susceptibility to contamination index places this watershed in the medium to highest range. Area 2 on the western edge of the watershed has a more productive buried sand aquifer, but still limited surficial sand aquifers. The northern watershed, in Area 1, has a reliable supply for all three general aquifer levels. Portions of the Lower Mississippi River watershed will be affected by the TMDL for Lake Pepin. The planning process on this TMDL has established preliminary targets of phosphorus and solids loading reductions of one-half into Lake Pepin. While nonpoint sources are significant contributions to this load, it is likely that most point sources will be considered for loading reductions. Minnesota River Industrial Water Use With the exception of water for once through cooling of Xcel Energy’s power plant, industrial water use in the watershed is dominated by the demands of the agricultural processing industry. As shown in Figures 3.11a and 3.11b and Table 3.11a, over 60% of the ground water withdrawals were for agricultural processing facilities. While the watershed houses a diverse set of industries, most of the other industries have fairly small demands. 3-18 Craddock Consulting Engineers In Association with CDM & James Crook WWReuseTM1_Sec 3_final.doc
WATER USE (MGD) Section 3 Inventory of Major WWTPs and Potential Industrial Reuse Demands Craddock Consulting Engineers 3-19 In Association with CDM & James Crook WWReuseTM1_Sec 3_final.doc 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 USE CODE Ground Water Surface Water 241 Agricultural Processing 242 Pulp and Paper Processing 243 Mine Processing 244 Sand and Gravel Washing 245 Industrial Process Cooling Once-through 246 Petroleum-Chemical Processing, ethanol 247 Metal Processing 248 Non-Metallic Processing 249 Industrial Processing Figure 3.11a. Industrial Processing Water Use in the Minnesota River Watershed, 2004 WATER USE (MGD) 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 222 USE CODE Source: MDNR, 2004 Ground Water Surface Water 222 Steam Power Cooling - Once through Figure 3.11b. Power Generation Water Use in the Minnesota River Watershed, 2004 Source: MDNR, 2004
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WATER USE (MGD)<br />
Section 3<br />
Inventory of Major WWTPs and Potential <strong>Industrial</strong> Reuse Demands<br />
Craddock Consulting Engineers 3-19<br />
In Association with CDM & James Crook<br />
WWReuseTM1_Sec 3_final.doc<br />
12<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249<br />
USE CODE<br />
Ground <strong>Water</strong><br />
Surface <strong>Water</strong><br />
241 Agricultural Processing<br />
242 Pulp and Paper Processing<br />
243 Mine Processing<br />
244 Sand and Gravel Washing<br />
245 <strong>Industrial</strong> Process Cooling<br />
Once-through<br />
246 Petroleum-Chemical<br />
Processing, ethanol<br />
247 Metal Processing<br />
248 Non-Metallic Processing<br />
249 <strong>Industrial</strong> Processing<br />
Figure 3.11a. <strong>Industrial</strong> Processing <strong>Water</strong> <strong>Use</strong> in the Minnesota River <strong>Water</strong>shed, 2004<br />
WATER USE (MGD)<br />
350<br />
300<br />
250<br />
200<br />
150<br />
100<br />
50<br />
0<br />
222<br />
USE CODE<br />
Source: MDNR, 2004<br />
Ground <strong>Water</strong><br />
Surface <strong>Water</strong><br />
222 Steam Power Cooling - Once<br />
through<br />
Figure 3.11b. Power Generation <strong>Water</strong> <strong>Use</strong> in the Minnesota River <strong>Water</strong>shed, 2004<br />
Source: MDNR, 2004
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