Chapter One Federal Government - Minnesota State Legislature
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Chapter One Federal Government - Minnesota State Legislature

Chapter One Federal Government - Minnesota State Legislature Chapter One Federal Government - Minnesota State Legislature

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Legacy Chapter Seven Adopted or Vote Year Purpose of Amendment Rejected Yes No Election 1972 To provide for the joint election of the governor and A 1,064,580 503,342 1,773,838t lieutenant governor; to remove the lieutenant governor as the presiding officer of the senate. 1972 To authorize bonus payment for Vietnam veterans. A 1,131,921 477,473 1,773,838t 1974 To revise organization and language of constitution. A 815,064 311,781 1,296,209t 1974 To ease vote requirement for amending constitution. R 638,775 474,519 1,296,209t 1974 To allow legislature to determine railroad taxes. A 741,353 372,158 1,296,209t 1976 To permit proceeds from increases in motor fuel R 552,543 1,134,847 1,978,590t taxes to be placed in the general fund; to remove restrictions on interest rate for and amount of highway bonds. 1980 To establish a bipartisan reapportionment R 1,036,581 754,935 2,079,411t commission. 1980 To require campaign spending limits for executive A 1,457,454 398,551 2,079,411t and legislative offices and public disclosure of campaign spending for all state candidates. 1980 To remove restrictions on the interest rate for and R 964,212 823,192 2,079,411t the amount of highway bonds. 1980 To establish initiative and referendum. R 970,407 854,164 2,079,411t 1980 To remove requirement of senate approval for R 944,883 850,251 2,079,411t notaries public. 1982 To allow the creation of a court of appeals. A 1,304,127 385,738 1,834,737t 1982 To remove restrictions on the interest rate for and A 1,103,221 563,865 1,834,737t the amount of trunk highway bonds. 1982 To permit the legislature to authorize on-track A 1,108,255 624,721 1,834,737t pari-mutuel betting on horse racing. 1982 To provide state bonding authority for the A 1,201,321 492,736 1,834,737t improvement and rehabilitation of railroad facilities. 1984 To allow the exchange of state-owned lands for A 1,176,809 611,200 2,114,842t other lands owned by state or local governments. 1984 To remove restrictions on the investment of the A 1,139,390 631,378 2,114,842t permanent school fund and to allow the limits on the investment of the fund and the apportionment of the returns on the investment to school districts to be set by law. 1988 To establish a Minnesota Environmental and A 1,645,090 375,752 2,125,119t Natural Resources Trust Fund for environmental natural resources, and wildlife purposes. 1988 To allow the use of juries of fewer 12 members A 1,205,730 806,766 2,125,119t in civil and nonfelony cases. 1988 To permit the legislature to authorize a lottery A 1,214,032 843,307 2,125,119t operated by the state. 1990 To dedicate 40 percent of the state lottery proceeds to A 1,388,105 329,806 1,843,104t the environment and natural resources trust fund until the year 2001. 1994 To permit off-track wagering on horse racing in a R 841,277 847,802 1,794,618t manner prescribed by law. 1996 To authorize a bonus for Persian Gulf War veterans. A 1,334,409 740,039 2,211,161t 1996 To provide for recall of elected state officials. A 1,833,523 248,778 2,211,161t 1998 To extend use of lottery for environmental trust fund. A 1,556,895 460,747 2,105,343t 1998 To preserve hunting and fishing heritage. A 1,570,720 462,749 2,105,343t 1998 To abolish the office of state treasurer. A 1,087,789 855,853 2,105,343t Sources: Anderson, William, A History of the Constitution of Minnesota, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota, 1921; Mitau, G. Theodore “Constitutional Change by Amendment: Recommendations of the Minnesota Constitutional Commission in Ten Years’ Perspective,” Minnesota Law Review, Volume 44, 1959–60, pp. 461–83, Minnesota legislative manuals, the archives of the Minnesota Historical Society, and state canvassing board reports. 263 Chapter Seven Legacy

Chapter Seven Legacy Chapter Seven Legacy 264 MINNESOTA VOTE FOR PRESIDENT SINCE 1860 KEY TO PARTY ABBREVIATIONS AC: Anderson Coalition M-Pop: Midroad-Populist AM: American Party of Minnesota MnPeo: Minnesota People’s Am: American MnProg: Minnesota Progressive AP: American Populist MnT: Minnesota Taxpayers BL: Better Life NA: New Alliance C: Communist NER: National Economic Recovery Cit: Citizens NGD: National Gold Democratic CF: Christian Freedom NL: Natural Law CP: Constitution P&F: Peace and Freedom D: Democratic Peo: People’s DFL: Democratic-Farmer-Labor PO: Public Ownership D-Peo: Democratic People’s Pro: Prohibition DSF: Democratic Southern Faction Prog: Progressive FL: Farmer-Labor R: Republican G: Greenback RP: Reform GL: Greenback Labor RPM: Reform Party Minnesota GPM: Green Party Minnesota S: Socialist GRP: Grassroots SD: Socialist Democrat I: Independent SE: Socialist Equality IDB: International Development Bank SIn: Socialist Industrial IER: Independents for Economic Recovery SL: Socialist Labor IG: Independent Grassroots SW: Socialist Workers In: Industrial U: Union InG: Industrial Government UL: Union Labor InL: Industrial Labor UST: U.S. Taxpayers IR: Independent-Republican WC: Workers Communist L: Libertarian WL: Workers League MCP: McCarthy ‘76 Principle WW: Workers World 1860 Abraham Lincoln (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,069 Stephen A. Douglas (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,920 John C. Breckenridge (DSF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 748 34,737 1864 Abraham Lincoln (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,055 George B. McClellan (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,367 42,422 1868 Ulysses S. Grant (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,722 Horatio Seymour (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,096 71,818 1872 Ulysses S. Grant (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,708 Horace Greeley (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,211 90,919 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,955 Samuel J. Tilden (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,587 Peter Cooper (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,389 Green Clay Smith (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 124,075 1880 James A. Garfield (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,902 Winfield S. Hancock (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,315 James B. Weaver (GL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,267 Neal Dow (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 150,770 1884 James G. Blaine (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,685 S. Grover Cleveland (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,065 John P. St. John (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,684 Benjamin F. Butler (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,583 190,017 1888 Benjamin H. Harrison (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,492 S. Grover Cleveland (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,385 Clinton B. Fisk (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,311 Alson J. Streeter (UL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,097 263,285 1892 Benjamin H. Harrison (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,823 S. Grover Cleveland (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,920 James B. Weaver (Peo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,313 John Bidwell (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,182 James B. Weaver (Fusion Electors) . . . . . . . . . . 107,077 374,315 1896 William McKinley (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,503 William J. Bryan (D-Peo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,735 Joshua Levering (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,339 John M. Palmer (NGD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,222 Charles H. Machett (SL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 954 332,753 1900 William McKinley (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190,461 William J. Bryan (D-Peo). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,901 John G. Wooley (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,555 Eugene V. Debs (SD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,065 Joseph R. Maloney (SL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,329 316,311 1904 Theodore Roosevelt (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216,651 Alton B. Parker (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,187 Thomas E. Watson (Peo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103 Eugene V. Debs (PO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,692 Silas C. Swallow (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,253 Charles H. Corregan (SL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 974 292,860 1908 William H. Taft (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195,843 William J. Bryan (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,401 Eugene W. Chafin (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,107 Eugene V. Debs (PO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,527 Thomas L. Hisgen (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426 331,304 1912 William H. Taft (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,334 Woodrow Wilson (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,426 Eugene V. Debs (PO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,505 Eugene W. Chafin (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,886 Elmer Reimer (SL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,212 Theodore Roosevelt (Prog) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,856 334,219

<strong>Chapter</strong><br />

Seven<br />

Legacy<br />

<strong>Chapter</strong> Seven Legacy<br />

264<br />

MINNESOTA VOTE FOR PRESIDENT SINCE 1860<br />

KEY TO PARTY ABBREVIATIONS<br />

AC: Anderson Coalition M-Pop: Midroad-Populist<br />

AM: American Party of <strong>Minnesota</strong> MnPeo: <strong>Minnesota</strong> People’s<br />

Am: American MnProg: <strong>Minnesota</strong> Progressive<br />

AP: American Populist MnT: <strong>Minnesota</strong> Taxpayers<br />

BL: Better Life NA: New Alliance<br />

C: Communist NER: National Economic Recovery<br />

Cit: Citizens NGD: National Gold Democratic<br />

CF: Christian Freedom NL: Natural Law<br />

CP: Constitution P&F: Peace and Freedom<br />

D: Democratic Peo: People’s<br />

DFL: Democratic-Farmer-Labor PO: Public Ownership<br />

D-Peo: Democratic People’s Pro: Prohibition<br />

DSF: Democratic Southern Faction Prog: Progressive<br />

FL: Farmer-Labor R: Republican<br />

G: Greenback RP: Reform<br />

GL: Greenback Labor RPM: Reform Party <strong>Minnesota</strong><br />

GPM: Green Party <strong>Minnesota</strong> S: Socialist<br />

GRP: Grassroots SD: Socialist Democrat<br />

I: Independent SE: Socialist Equality<br />

IDB: International Development Bank SIn: Socialist Industrial<br />

IER: Independents for Economic Recovery SL: Socialist Labor<br />

IG: Independent Grassroots SW: Socialist Workers<br />

In: Industrial U: Union<br />

InG: Industrial <strong>Government</strong> UL: Union Labor<br />

InL: Industrial Labor UST: U.S. Taxpayers<br />

IR: Independent-Republican WC: Workers Communist<br />

L: Libertarian WL: Workers League<br />

MCP: McCarthy ‘76 Principle WW: Workers World<br />

1860<br />

Abraham Lincoln (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,069<br />

Stephen A. Douglas (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,920<br />

John C. Breckenridge (DSF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 748<br />

34,737<br />

1864<br />

Abraham Lincoln (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,055<br />

George B. McClellan (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,367<br />

42,422<br />

1868<br />

Ulysses S. Grant (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,722<br />

Horatio Seymour (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,096<br />

71,818<br />

1872<br />

Ulysses S. Grant (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,708<br />

Horace Greeley (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,211<br />

90,919<br />

1876<br />

Rutherford B. Hayes (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,955<br />

Samuel J. Tilden (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,587<br />

Peter Cooper (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,389<br />

Green Clay Smith (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144<br />

124,075<br />

1880<br />

James A. Garfield (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,902<br />

Winfield S. Hancock (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,315<br />

James B. Weaver (GL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,267<br />

Neal Dow (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286<br />

150,770<br />

1884<br />

James G. Blaine (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,685<br />

S. Grover Cleveland (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,065<br />

John P. St. John (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,684<br />

Benjamin F. Butler (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,583<br />

190,017<br />

1888<br />

Benjamin H. Harrison (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,492<br />

S. Grover Cleveland (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,385<br />

Clinton B. Fisk (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,311<br />

Alson J. Streeter (UL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,097<br />

263,285<br />

1892<br />

Benjamin H. Harrison (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,823<br />

S. Grover Cleveland (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,920<br />

James B. Weaver (Peo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,313<br />

John Bidwell (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,182<br />

James B. Weaver (Fusion Electors) . . . . . . . . . . 107,077<br />

374,315<br />

1896<br />

William McKinley (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,503<br />

William J. Bryan (D-Peo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,735<br />

Joshua Levering (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,339<br />

John M. Palmer (NGD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,222<br />

Charles H. Machett (SL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 954<br />

332,753<br />

1900<br />

William McKinley (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190,461<br />

William J. Bryan (D-Peo). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,901<br />

John G. Wooley (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,555<br />

Eugene V. Debs (SD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,065<br />

Joseph R. Maloney (SL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,329<br />

316,311<br />

1904<br />

Theodore Roosevelt (R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216,651<br />

Alton B. Parker (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,187<br />

Thomas E. Watson (Peo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103<br />

Eugene V. Debs (PO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,692<br />

Silas C. Swallow (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,253<br />

Charles H. Corregan (SL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 974<br />

292,860<br />

1908<br />

William H. Taft (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195,843<br />

William J. Bryan (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,401<br />

Eugene W. Chafin (Pro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,107<br />

Eugene V. Debs (PO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,527<br />

Thomas L. Hisgen (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426<br />

331,304<br />

1912<br />

William H. Taft (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,334<br />

Woodrow Wilson (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,426<br />

Eugene V. Debs (PO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,505<br />

Eugene W. Chafin (Pro). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,886<br />

Elmer Reimer (SL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,212<br />

Theodore Roosevelt (Prog) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,856<br />

334,219

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