the role of tourism in natural resource management in the okavango ...

the role of tourism in natural resource management in the okavango ... the role of tourism in natural resource management in the okavango ...

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etc. Table 6.26 shows the various types of park fees that were paid by tourists and tour operators at the Moremi Game Reserve, which accrued to the government, from 1998 to 2001 (Mbaiwa, 2002). Table 6.26: Types of Fees Paid by Tourists at Moremi Game Reserve From 1998 to 2001 (Pula) Deposits Year Entry Fees Camping Vehicles Boat Aircraft Other for Total Bookings 1998 3195160 466617 222485 2385 4564 2157 475796 4373452 1999 3006140 423238 231 798 3760 7776 4241 508095 4175012 2000 2001 5171 289 407207 490124 3810 11 750 1000 113052 6198232 Source: Adapted From Department of Wildlife and National Parks, 2000; Mbaiwa, 2002. (Data for 2000 is not available). Maun Airport, the principal airport used by tourists who visit the Okavango Delta has also become a major source of government revenue in Ngamiland District. Table 6.27 shows that in 2000, the Department of Civil Aviation collected Pula 567 871 from the various fees charged to passengers, aircrafts and tour operators for using airport facilities (Department of Civil Aviation, 2001). Table 6.27: Revenue Collected at Maun Airport in 2000 Type of Fee Revenue Collected (in Pula) Landing fees 170107 Parking fees 6353 Temporary Air Service Permit 44380 Passenger service fee 68743 En route charges 205311 Other 71977 Total 567871 Source: Adapted From Department of Civil Aviation, 2001. It is evident that the contribution of tourism to government revenue has been increasing with the growth of tourism in the country. The increase has been a result of the establishment and improvements made to several tourism sectors over the last decade. Of particular relevance to the Okavango Delta is the increase in 264

evenue collection from the various fees charged at Maun Airport and the Moremi Game Reserve. 6.4.3 Creation of Employment One of the most important economic impacts of tourism in the Okavango Delta is its potential to create employment for the local population. The extent to which employment is created is, however, influenced by the degree of linkages between tourism and other sectors of the economy. There are a total of 85 permanent hotels, lodges and safari camps in the Okavango Delta, and up to an estimated 45 non­ permanent safari camps in the area. According to the questionnaires completed by the managers of hotels, lodges and safari camps in the Okavango Delta, these facilities generally hire, on average, anything between five and sixty black Motswana staff members, including waitrons, grounds people, cleaners, tour guides, boat operators, drivers, cooks, kitchen staff, etc. (Table 6.28). Table 6.28: Approximate Employment Figures for Interviewed Hotels, Lodges and Safari Camps in the Okavango Delta (2003/2004) Employee Type Permanent Emplyees Seasonal Employees Total Waitron 400 90 490 Grounds Person/Gardener 480 40 520 Cleaner 500 50 550 Tour Guide/Boat Operator/Driver 200 150 350 Kitchenstaff/Cook 400 100 500 Total 1980 430 2410 A similar survey was conducted by Scout Wilson Consultants in April 2001, on the employment figures of the various safari camps and lodges in the Okavango Delta. Their findings indicated that a total of 735 people were employed in 20 safari camps and lodges in the Delta. This means that, according to their figures, a total of approximately 3000 people would be employed in the 85 permanent hotels, lodges and safari camps in the Okavango area, which is around 34 percent of the formal employment in the tourism sector in Botswana. 265

etc. Table 6.26 shows <strong>the</strong> various types <strong>of</strong> park fees that were paid by tourists and<br />

tour operators at <strong>the</strong> Moremi Game Reserve, which accrued to <strong>the</strong> government, from<br />

1998 to 2001 (Mbaiwa, 2002).<br />

Table 6.26: Types <strong>of</strong> Fees Paid by Tourists at Moremi Game Reserve<br />

From 1998 to 2001 (Pula)<br />

Deposits<br />

Year Entry Fees Camp<strong>in</strong>g Vehicles Boat Aircraft O<strong>the</strong>r for Total<br />

Book<strong>in</strong>gs<br />

1998 3195160 466617 222485 2385 4564 2157 475796 4373452<br />

1999 3006140 423238 231 798 3760 7776 4241 508095 4175012<br />

2000<br />

2001 5171 289 407207 490124 3810 11 750 1000 113052 6198232<br />

Source: Adapted From Department <strong>of</strong> Wildlife and National Parks, 2000; Mbaiwa,<br />

2002. (Data for 2000 is not available).<br />

Maun Airport, <strong>the</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>cipal airport used by tourists who visit <strong>the</strong> Okavango Delta has<br />

also become a major source <strong>of</strong> government revenue <strong>in</strong> Ngamiland District. Table<br />

6.27 shows that <strong>in</strong> 2000, <strong>the</strong> Department <strong>of</strong> Civil Aviation collected Pula 567 871<br />

from <strong>the</strong> various fees charged to passengers, aircrafts and tour operators for us<strong>in</strong>g<br />

airport facilities (Department <strong>of</strong> Civil Aviation, 2001).<br />

Table 6.27: Revenue Collected at Maun Airport <strong>in</strong> 2000<br />

Type <strong>of</strong> Fee Revenue Collected (<strong>in</strong> Pula)<br />

Land<strong>in</strong>g fees 170107<br />

Park<strong>in</strong>g fees 6353<br />

Temporary Air Service Permit 44380<br />

Passenger service fee 68743<br />

En route charges 205311<br />

O<strong>the</strong>r 71977<br />

Total 567871<br />

Source: Adapted From Department <strong>of</strong> Civil Aviation, 2001.<br />

It is evident that <strong>the</strong> contribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>tourism</strong> to government revenue has been<br />

<strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g with <strong>the</strong> growth <strong>of</strong> <strong>tourism</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> country. The <strong>in</strong>crease has been a result<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> establishment and improvements made to several <strong>tourism</strong> sectors over <strong>the</strong><br />

last decade. Of particular relevance to <strong>the</strong> Okavango Delta is <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong><br />

264

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