Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ...
Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ... Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ...
Extract from final interview with Kim: MM: Kim: MM: Kim: How has this programme that you've attended been any different from other programmes or workshops that you may have attended in the past? Ja it was different from the many workshops rve attended over the years. Here you have educators coming from different schools, different environments with different experiences. There was a lot of scope for sharing of ideas, experiences, and it really exposed us. Where we had to do practical work, I found that very stimulating. . Did you find the workshops useful, beneficial? Can you explain how? I found the workshops useful, especially the group sessions, the interaction with educators from other schools and eh, in that way we were able to gauge the way they approached it and add it to our experiences. In the above extracts, teachers remarked on their positive experiences in the TEMS programme. Recurring sentiments were those of 'meeting people', 'working in a group', 'sharing ideas', 'participation', gaining knowledge and skills and networking. This was a reflection ofthe extent ofmutual engagement that had occurred in the TEMS programme. 7.5.2 Joint enterprise The extract from my journal cited in Section 7.3.1 above reflected the spirit that the TEMS co-ordinator Cindy and the core group ofresearch participants envisaged for the TEMS community. In the extract, Cindy, the co-ordinator emphasised the importance of pursuing the joint enterprise through the analogy ofgeese flying in formation. This was an appropriate message at the time and was supported by all teachers in the TEMS programme. The negotiation ofa joint enterprise that keeps a community ofpractice together is based on three premises (Wenger 1998). Firstly, the enterprise is a result ofa collective process ofnegotiation that reflects the full complexity ofmutual engagement; secondly, the enterprise is defined by the participants in the very process ofpursuing the enterprise; and thirdly, the enterprise creates among participants relations ofmutual accountability that become an integral part ofthe practice. In the TEMS project, the enterprise was personal and professional development in the field ofEMS education. 289
The following extract from a workshop observation report (16 April 2003) describes how teachers negotiated what they felt was important to them and what they wanted to achieve as a result ofparticipation in the TEMS programme. At the beginning, I asked teachers to constantly reflect on what they were getting out of the programme. I also questioned what they were expecting from the programme. They were clear about the fact that they wanted information on different EMS topics; they wanted to develop insights into the topics, a deeper understanding of the concepts related to the topic. They also wanted to explore pOSSible ways of teaching the topic to different grades. They also wanted some written material on the topic. While the TEMS study set out to deepen teachers' subject matter knowledge ofEMS, in their mutual engagement on issues and in discussions, the TEMS group often unconsciously shifted the emphasis as they negotiated their discussions. Wenger (1998:82) explains that defining a joint enterprise was a process and not a static agreement. It produces relations ofaccountability that are not just fixed constraints or norms. These relations are manifested not as conformity but as the ability to negotiate actions as accountable to the enterprise. A further discussion on the tension between competing expectations will be provided later. The third premise with regard to the negotiation ofthe joint enterprise refers to the ability ofthe enterprise to create participants' relations ofmutual accountability. In the next extract from a workshop observation report, we see John and Cindy's commitment as well as sense ofresponsibility to the TEMS programme. Extract ofworkshop observation report (August 2003): When I arrived at Eden primary, Cindy was ready for me as usual. I welcomed the glass of coke and the sandwich that was reserved for me near the ohp. I was glad to see that some teachers had arrived before me and were busy updating each other on developments since their last meeting. Cindy was juggling two commitments at the same time. Her pupils were involved in a chess tournament in the adjacent building. John had also transported his pupils to the chess tournament. He made a point informing me that he would drop off his pupils at his school but would definitely return for the workshop. I was thoroughly impressed with John's commitment. His school was about twelve kilometres away. He returned to make a valuable contribution to the workshop. John was always full of questions and was keen to 290
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The follow<strong>in</strong>g extract from a workshop observation report (16 April 2003) describes how<br />
teachers negotiated what they felt was important to them and what they wanted to achieve<br />
as a result <strong>of</strong>participation <strong>in</strong> the TEMS programme.<br />
At the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g, I asked teachers to constantly reflect on what they were gett<strong>in</strong>g out <strong>of</strong><br />
the programme. I also questioned what they were expect<strong>in</strong>g from the programme. They<br />
were clear about the fact that they wanted <strong>in</strong>formation on different EMS topics; they<br />
wanted to develop <strong>in</strong>sights <strong>in</strong>to the topics, a deeper understand<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> the concepts related<br />
to the topic. They also wanted to explore pOSSible ways <strong>of</strong> teach<strong>in</strong>g the topic to different<br />
grades. They also wanted some written material on the topic.<br />
While the TEMS study set out to deepen teachers' subject matter knowledge <strong>of</strong>EMS, <strong>in</strong><br />
their mutual engagement on issues and <strong>in</strong> discussions, the TEMS group <strong>of</strong>ten<br />
unconsciously shifted the emphasis as they negotiated their discussions. Wenger<br />
(1998:82) expla<strong>in</strong>s that def<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g a jo<strong>in</strong>t enterprise was a process and not a static<br />
agreement. It produces relations <strong>of</strong>accountability that are not just fixed constra<strong>in</strong>ts or<br />
norms. These relations are manifested not as conformity but as the ability to negotiate<br />
actions as accountable to the enterprise. A further discussion on the tension between<br />
compet<strong>in</strong>g expectations will be provided later.<br />
The third premise with regard to the negotiation <strong>of</strong>the jo<strong>in</strong>t enterprise refers to the ability<br />
<strong>of</strong>the enterprise to create participants' relations <strong>of</strong>mutual accountability. In the next<br />
extract from a workshop observation report, we see John and C<strong>in</strong>dy's commitment as<br />
well as sense <strong>of</strong>responsibility to the TEMS programme.<br />
Extract <strong>of</strong>workshop observation report (August 2003):<br />
When I arrived at Eden primary, C<strong>in</strong>dy was ready for me as usual. I welcomed the glass <strong>of</strong><br />
coke and the sandwich that was reserved for me near the ohp. I was glad to see that some<br />
teachers had arrived before me and were busy updat<strong>in</strong>g each other on developments s<strong>in</strong>ce<br />
their last meet<strong>in</strong>g. C<strong>in</strong>dy was juggl<strong>in</strong>g two commitments at the same time. Her pupils were<br />
<strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> a chess tournament <strong>in</strong> the adjacent build<strong>in</strong>g. John had also transported his pupils<br />
to the chess tournament. He made a po<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong>form<strong>in</strong>g me that he would drop <strong>of</strong>f his pupils at<br />
his school but would def<strong>in</strong>itely return for the workshop. I was thoroughly impressed with<br />
John's commitment. His school was about twelve kilometres away. He returned to make a<br />
valuable contribution to the workshop. John was always full <strong>of</strong> questions and was keen to<br />
290