Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ...
Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ... Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ...
4.4.2 Data collection The following table provides a summary ofthe data collection with regard to the core group ofseven participating teachers: Table 4.3: Summary of data collection Type of data Nature of data collection instrument Researcher's reflective journal Regular (weekly), informal writings documenting interactions with teachers and principals, school visits and workshop observations Initial Interview Semi-structured interview (approximately 25 - 30 minutes) Interviews were tape-recorded and interview notes were taken. All interviews fully transcribed (January - March 2003) First Classroom Practice A semi-structured observation schedule was used Observation to guide lesson observations. Critical incidents identified and discussed with Reflection on observation teachers reports (Duration oflessons: ± 60 minutes) (February - May 2003) Second Classroom Practice A semi-structured observation schedule was used Observation to guide lesson observations. Critical incidents identified and discussed with Reflection on observation teachers reports Two consecutive lessons observed (Duration oflessons: ± 100 minutes in total) Video footage capturing classroom interactions (One video taped lesson ofone and activities consenting teacher) October - November 2003 End ofproject interview Semi-structured interview (approximately 30 - 40 minutes) Interviews were tape-recorded and interview notes were taken. All interviews fully transcribed (December 2003 - January 2004) Workshop Observation Reports Observation and transcription ofvideo data (Monthly) Independent Observer Reports Observation reports of6 independent observers (workshops) plus supervisor (October 2004) Other data sources Worksheets and workbooks compiled by teachers, teachers' lesson preparation files, pupils' books, tests and examinations 121
In keeping with ethnographic principles, data were collected in a natural setting. This entailed a close study ofa culture in context (Walford 2001). Interviews were conducted on site at schools (see Interview Schedule in Appendix 2). I religiously kept my research journal (see extract in Appendix 3), which included observations about each research context (each school and the site for the TEMS workshops). For every interview, I made a point ofarriving at the school at least forty-five minutes to an hour earlier than the scheduled interview. I would position myselfin an unobtrusive position, sometimes simply sitting in my car ifit provided a suitable vantage point. The purpose ofthis practice was to get a 'feel' of each school context and its operation. The energy and sounds emanating from different classrooms and playing fields provide a 'lived context' during the data analysis"...for the researcher to remember and theorise with greater intuition" (Jessop 1977:52). Geertz (1973) refers to this as the 'scientific imagination' required for effective theorising. The observations and fieldnotes in each school context were different. Pecan Primary School serviced a very poor community. Almost all the pupils came from impoverished homes. Most families in the area struggled to meet their most basic requirements in terms offood. For this reason, the school had succeeded in securing sponsorship that enabled it to provide a daily meal to its pupils. Teachers were elected to a committee that was responsible for ensuring that the meal for each day was ready on time. Just before the school interval, class monitors would proceed to the school's kitchen (a classroom with a stove) to collect buckets ofsoup and loaves ofbread for each class. Each class had its own bucket and cardboard box for this purpose. The meal was not a sit-down meal. Pupils were happy to hold their slices ofbread and cups ofsoup in their hands while playing around in the school. The principal cited the provision ofthis daily meal as the main reason for excellent attendance by pupils. 122
- Page 85 and 86: (Walford 2001; Anderson 1999). With
- Page 87 and 88: • It places value on the research
- Page 89 and 90: The main research question in this
- Page 91 and 92: Lave and Wenger emphasise the centr
- Page 93 and 94: 3.3.2 The Work ofWenger (1998): Com
- Page 95 and 96: agree with the way it takes place o
- Page 97 and 98: Figure 3.3: Refined intersection of
- Page 99 and 100: eflecting. The ability of a communi
- Page 101 and 102: object to something that in reality
- Page 103 and 104: practice is not just an aggregate o
- Page 105 and 106: system or institution and the influ
- Page 107 and 108: 3.3.2.4 Learning Practice has to be
- Page 109 and 110: new possibilities for meaning. Brok
- Page 111 and 112: These characteristics indicate that
- Page 113 and 114: engage with one another and acknowl
- Page 115 and 116: A structural model ofa community of
- Page 117 and 118: who were regarded as peripheral. A
- Page 119 and 120: Ideally I would have wanted teacher
- Page 121 and 122: they represent key ingredients in s
- Page 123 and 124: that the Wenger framework presents
- Page 125 and 126: more useful and effective than part
- Page 127 and 128: 3.6 CONCLUSION This chapter provide
- Page 129 and 130: • While my professional input int
- Page 131 and 132: • Cycle ofhypothesis and theory b
- Page 133 and 134: observer played themselves out. A c
- Page 135: organised events and linked communi
- Page 139 and 140: In this qualitative study, my inter
- Page 141 and 142: collection. He questions whether co
- Page 143 and 144: physical context, the complex body
- Page 145 and 146: completed, final text: rather, they
- Page 147 and 148: the teacher over classroom events (
- Page 149: 'connoisseurship'. I realised that
- Page 152 and 153: In this study, the criteria for the
- Page 154 and 155: In Chapter One I described the sequ
- Page 156 and 157: tactic by indicating to research pa
- Page 158 and 159: On the occasions that I delivered b
- Page 160 and 161: "Confidentiality involves a clear u
- Page 163 and 164: were cordial and professional. The
- Page 165 and 166: CHAPTER FIVE HOW HAD TEACHER LEARNI
- Page 167 and 168: individual participants changed dif
- Page 169 and 170: He received his schooling under the
- Page 171 and 172: school regularly updated the books
- Page 173 and 174: gone on to become really wealthy. I
- Page 175 and 176: John noted that in planning the cur
- Page 177 and 178: Significant changes had thus occurr
- Page 179 and 180: just transfer it. For example, bank
- Page 181 and 182: Extract from the lesson: John: Pupi
- Page 183 and 184: schoolwork as 'economic work'. This
- Page 185 and 186: John: Now we are not looking at thi
4.4.2 Data collection<br />
The follow<strong>in</strong>g table provides a summary <strong>of</strong>the data collection with regard to the core<br />
group <strong>of</strong>seven participat<strong>in</strong>g teachers:<br />
Table 4.3: Summary <strong>of</strong> data collection<br />
Type <strong>of</strong> data Nature <strong>of</strong> data collection <strong>in</strong>strument<br />
Researcher's reflective journal Regular (weekly), <strong>in</strong>formal writ<strong>in</strong>gs document<strong>in</strong>g<br />
<strong>in</strong>teractions with teachers and pr<strong>in</strong>cipals, school<br />
visits and workshop observations<br />
Initial Interview Semi-structured <strong>in</strong>terview (approximately 25 - 30<br />
m<strong>in</strong>utes)<br />
Interviews were tape-recorded and <strong>in</strong>terview notes<br />
were taken.<br />
All <strong>in</strong>terviews fully transcribed<br />
(January - March 2003)<br />
First Classroom <strong>Practice</strong> A semi-structured observation schedule was used<br />
Observation to guide lesson observations.<br />
Critical <strong>in</strong>cidents identified and discussed with<br />
Reflection on observation teachers<br />
reports (Duration <strong>of</strong>lessons: ± 60 m<strong>in</strong>utes)<br />
(February - May 2003)<br />
Second Classroom <strong>Practice</strong> A semi-structured observation schedule was used<br />
Observation to guide lesson observations.<br />
Critical <strong>in</strong>cidents identified and discussed with<br />
Reflection on observation teachers<br />
reports Two consecutive lessons observed<br />
(Duration <strong>of</strong>lessons: ± 100 m<strong>in</strong>utes <strong>in</strong> total)<br />
Video footage captur<strong>in</strong>g classroom <strong>in</strong>teractions<br />
(One video taped lesson <strong>of</strong>one and activities<br />
consent<strong>in</strong>g teacher) October - November 2003<br />
End <strong>of</strong>project <strong>in</strong>terview Semi-structured <strong>in</strong>terview (approximately 30 - 40<br />
m<strong>in</strong>utes)<br />
Interviews were tape-recorded and <strong>in</strong>terview notes<br />
were taken.<br />
All <strong>in</strong>terviews fully transcribed<br />
(December 2003 - January 2004)<br />
Workshop Observation Reports Observation and transcription <strong>of</strong>video data<br />
(Monthly)<br />
Independent Observer Reports Observation reports <strong>of</strong>6 <strong>in</strong>dependent observers<br />
(workshops) plus supervisor (October 2004)<br />
Other data sources Worksheets and workbooks compiled by teachers,<br />
teachers' lesson preparation files, pupils' books,<br />
tests and exam<strong>in</strong>ations<br />
121