Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ...

Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ... Teacher Learning in a Community of Practice: A Case Study of ...

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4.4.2 Data collection The following table provides a summary ofthe data collection with regard to the core group ofseven participating teachers: Table 4.3: Summary of data collection Type of data Nature of data collection instrument Researcher's reflective journal Regular (weekly), informal writings documenting interactions with teachers and principals, school visits and workshop observations Initial Interview Semi-structured interview (approximately 25 - 30 minutes) Interviews were tape-recorded and interview notes were taken. All interviews fully transcribed (January - March 2003) First Classroom Practice A semi-structured observation schedule was used Observation to guide lesson observations. Critical incidents identified and discussed with Reflection on observation teachers reports (Duration oflessons: ± 60 minutes) (February - May 2003) Second Classroom Practice A semi-structured observation schedule was used Observation to guide lesson observations. Critical incidents identified and discussed with Reflection on observation teachers reports Two consecutive lessons observed (Duration oflessons: ± 100 minutes in total) Video footage capturing classroom interactions (One video taped lesson ofone and activities consenting teacher) October - November 2003 End ofproject interview Semi-structured interview (approximately 30 - 40 minutes) Interviews were tape-recorded and interview notes were taken. All interviews fully transcribed (December 2003 - January 2004) Workshop Observation Reports Observation and transcription ofvideo data (Monthly) Independent Observer Reports Observation reports of6 independent observers (workshops) plus supervisor (October 2004) Other data sources Worksheets and workbooks compiled by teachers, teachers' lesson preparation files, pupils' books, tests and examinations 121

In keeping with ethnographic principles, data were collected in a natural setting. This entailed a close study ofa culture in context (Walford 2001). Interviews were conducted on site at schools (see Interview Schedule in Appendix 2). I religiously kept my research journal (see extract in Appendix 3), which included observations about each research context (each school and the site for the TEMS workshops). For every interview, I made a point ofarriving at the school at least forty-five minutes to an hour earlier than the scheduled interview. I would position myselfin an unobtrusive position, sometimes simply sitting in my car ifit provided a suitable vantage point. The purpose ofthis practice was to get a 'feel' of each school context and its operation. The energy and sounds emanating from different classrooms and playing fields provide a 'lived context' during the data analysis"...for the researcher to remember and theorise with greater intuition" (Jessop 1977:52). Geertz (1973) refers to this as the 'scientific imagination' required for effective theorising. The observations and fieldnotes in each school context were different. Pecan Primary School serviced a very poor community. Almost all the pupils came from impoverished homes. Most families in the area struggled to meet their most basic requirements in terms offood. For this reason, the school had succeeded in securing sponsorship that enabled it to provide a daily meal to its pupils. Teachers were elected to a committee that was responsible for ensuring that the meal for each day was ready on time. Just before the school interval, class monitors would proceed to the school's kitchen (a classroom with a stove) to collect buckets ofsoup and loaves ofbread for each class. Each class had its own bucket and cardboard box for this purpose. The meal was not a sit-down meal. Pupils were happy to hold their slices ofbread and cups ofsoup in their hands while playing around in the school. The principal cited the provision ofthis daily meal as the main reason for excellent attendance by pupils. 122

4.4.2 Data collection<br />

The follow<strong>in</strong>g table provides a summary <strong>of</strong>the data collection with regard to the core<br />

group <strong>of</strong>seven participat<strong>in</strong>g teachers:<br />

Table 4.3: Summary <strong>of</strong> data collection<br />

Type <strong>of</strong> data Nature <strong>of</strong> data collection <strong>in</strong>strument<br />

Researcher's reflective journal Regular (weekly), <strong>in</strong>formal writ<strong>in</strong>gs document<strong>in</strong>g<br />

<strong>in</strong>teractions with teachers and pr<strong>in</strong>cipals, school<br />

visits and workshop observations<br />

Initial Interview Semi-structured <strong>in</strong>terview (approximately 25 - 30<br />

m<strong>in</strong>utes)<br />

Interviews were tape-recorded and <strong>in</strong>terview notes<br />

were taken.<br />

All <strong>in</strong>terviews fully transcribed<br />

(January - March 2003)<br />

First Classroom <strong>Practice</strong> A semi-structured observation schedule was used<br />

Observation to guide lesson observations.<br />

Critical <strong>in</strong>cidents identified and discussed with<br />

Reflection on observation teachers<br />

reports (Duration <strong>of</strong>lessons: ± 60 m<strong>in</strong>utes)<br />

(February - May 2003)<br />

Second Classroom <strong>Practice</strong> A semi-structured observation schedule was used<br />

Observation to guide lesson observations.<br />

Critical <strong>in</strong>cidents identified and discussed with<br />

Reflection on observation teachers<br />

reports Two consecutive lessons observed<br />

(Duration <strong>of</strong>lessons: ± 100 m<strong>in</strong>utes <strong>in</strong> total)<br />

Video footage captur<strong>in</strong>g classroom <strong>in</strong>teractions<br />

(One video taped lesson <strong>of</strong>one and activities<br />

consent<strong>in</strong>g teacher) October - November 2003<br />

End <strong>of</strong>project <strong>in</strong>terview Semi-structured <strong>in</strong>terview (approximately 30 - 40<br />

m<strong>in</strong>utes)<br />

Interviews were tape-recorded and <strong>in</strong>terview notes<br />

were taken.<br />

All <strong>in</strong>terviews fully transcribed<br />

(December 2003 - January 2004)<br />

Workshop Observation Reports Observation and transcription <strong>of</strong>video data<br />

(Monthly)<br />

Independent Observer Reports Observation reports <strong>of</strong>6 <strong>in</strong>dependent observers<br />

(workshops) plus supervisor (October 2004)<br />

Other data sources Worksheets and workbooks compiled by teachers,<br />

teachers' lesson preparation files, pupils' books,<br />

tests and exam<strong>in</strong>ations<br />

121

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