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F Fig u re 6.1 0 Mozart: Sonata in C. Major, K. 309, II, m. 1-3. Andante un poco adagio Period Parallel Period Figure 6.11 Foster: "Camptown Races." Two adjacent phrases may combine to fonn a period tf : L The second phrase ends with a strong cadence. 2. The first phrase ends with a weaker cadence than the second. 3. The two phrases bear some musical relationship to each other. Often. they will create a "question-answer" effect called antecedent-conse qLtent. Two adjacent phrases form a parallel period if they both begin in the same manner. (See figure 6.I L) The two phrases may be nearly identical except for the cadences or they may onlv be similar for a measure or two. Phrase I Folk Song: "Cockles and Mussels." Half cadence Same as measures I and 2 114 The Structural Elements of Music __4 , t5 6 7 ! ] Phrase 2 (parallel to phrase 1) Phrase I Half cadence Perfect authentic cadence Phrase 2 Perfect aqth"ntr9jq99!!9 Dfffeient from measures 3 and 4 LI ,-l j J:_l :_l :-J .J LJ :-l :J :_l :_l :l :l :-J ,_) :-J ') :-J :J ;j :l :1 L I
I r t a Z I a ' 7 Li 1 { t - t l : l;, t l ' 7 v - t - r Z l , - 1-'-. a : E, L-';- - I I J I I J I . J I r l I ; i =- ?4 L4 J J --)a ) Figu re 6.12 Schubert: Impromptu op. 90, no. l, D. g99. m.2_9. Contrasting Period Figure 6.13 Folk Song: "The Ash Grove." Three-Phrase period Frgure 6.14 In figure 6'12 only the three final notes of the second phrase are different from the first. Sarne as phrasE-- Phrase I Authentic cadence A contrasting period results when the two phrases are not similar in melodic content. Phrase 1 Half cadence Phrase 2 Perfect authentic cadence While most periods are composed of just two phrases, those of three (and even more) do occur' The three phrases may consist of A A B lantecedent, antecedenr, consequent) or A B B (antecedent, consequent, consequent). The third phrase must end with a stronger cadence than either of the other two. i''-'-ri.rrrren: Sonata (path6tique) in c Minor, op. r3, III (Rondo), m. l7r-rg1. Phrase 1 Melodic Organization Phrase 2 ase 2 contrasts phrase rhythm Half cadence Half cadence 115
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t_: t-- t4

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