Copyright Malvin Porter, Jr. 2010 - acumen - The University of ...

Additionally, girls are more likely than boys to view relationally aggressive acts as wrong,
whereas boys are more likely than girls to view physically aggressive acts as wrong (Goldstein,
Tisak, & Boxer, 2002; Murray-Close, Crick, & Galotti, 2006).
Effects of Bully Victimization
Bully victimization has a detrimental effect for each of the at-risk groups (Bare, 2006;
Haynie, Nansel, Eitel, Crump et al., 2001). Bullying is one of the most common forms of youth
violence; it has been linked to many negative consequences for children’s health and mental
health (Flashpohler et al., 2009). Previous studies have found negative impacts on children’s
well-being for both children who engage in bullying and for children who are the targets of
bullying (Wilkins-Shurmer et al., 2003).
Victim
The NEA (2008) asserts that physical and psychological scars left on children who are
victimized can last a lifetime. Peer victimization is associated with many adjustment difficulties
that include physical, emotional, academic, and social maladjustment (Nylund, Bellmore,
Nishina, & Graham, 2007). Children who are the targets of repeated bullying behavior often
experience extreme fear and stress. They may exhibit physical symptoms of illness, lack of
concentration, increased absent from school, frequent nurse visits, and show poor academic
performance (Glew, Fan, Katon, Rivara, & Kernic, 2005; Juvonen & Graham, 2001; Tom,
Schwartz, Chang, Farver, & Xu, 2010). The psychological impact of bullying on the victim can
be devastating. Victims may experience a lack of social support from peers and lasting damage
to the victim’s self-esteem (Garrett, 2003).
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