SQUIDs - Low Temperature Laboratory

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Milestones in Superconductivity 1911 Kamerlingh Onnes discovers zero resistance 1957 Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer develop “BCS” theory 1957 Alexei Abrikosov predicts Type II superconductors 1960 Ivar Giaever invents tunnel junctions 1962 Brian Josephson invents “Josephson Tunneling” Large-scale applications are made possible Superconducting electronics is born
• Cooper pairs tunnel through barrier I I I Nb film Josephson Tunneling oxidized Nb film V insulating barrier superconductor superconductor V ~ 20 Å Current Created the field of superconducting electronics Brian Josephson 1962 I Voltage
Page 1 and 2: SQUIDs: From Cosmology to Magnetic
Page 3 and 4: Milestones in Superconductivity 191
Page 5 and 6: The Discovery of Superconductivity
Page 7 and 8: Zero Resistance Magnetic field •
Page 13: Flux Quantization Φ = n Φ 0 J Φ
Page 17 and 18: Temperature (Kelvin) Transition Tem
Page 21 and 22: The dc Superconducting Quantum Inte
Page 23 and 24: B N ~ 1 fT Hz -1/2 Superconducting
Page 25 and 26: Applications of SQUIDs: An Overview
Page 27 and 28: Neuromag ® 306-Channel SQUID Syste
Page 29 and 30: CardioMag Imaging System for Magnet
Page 31 and 32: 2G Superconducting Rock Magnetomete
Page 33 and 34: MAGMA-C1 Scanning SQUID Microscope
Page 35 and 36: Courtesy Stanford University and NA
Page 37 and 38: Searching for Axions: The Microstri
Page 39 and 40: Resonant Conversion of Axions into
Page 41 and 42: Noise Temperature R T -A [ T + T (
Page 43 and 44: Microstrip SQUID Amplifier Conventi
Page 45 and 46: Noise Temperature of Microstrip Amp
Page 47 and 48: Summary • Gain ≥ 20 dB for freq
Page 49: Energy z B 0 Nuclear Magnetic Reson
Page 52 and 53: Timeline Michael Crichton, 1999 “
Page 57 and 58: Three dimensional images of pepper
Page 59: B = 13.2 mT int T 1 contrast images
Page 62: Future directions for low-field MRI

SQUIDs - Low Temperature Laboratory

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