Journal of Accident Investigation
Journal of Accident Investigation
Journal of Accident Investigation
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KRISTIN M. POLAND, LINDA McCRAY, AND AIDA BARSAN-ANELLI<br />
shoulder belt systems produce lower dummy head and neck<br />
injury measures than compartmentalization and lap belt systems.<br />
However, potential negative consequences <strong>of</strong> lap/shoulder belt<br />
systems have not been adequately researched at this time to<br />
allow a full determination <strong>of</strong> overall cost/benefits.<br />
Future work will focus on using real-world accident<br />
investigations, testing, and computer simulations to evaluate<br />
various crash scenarios, to improve the crashworthiness <strong>of</strong> the<br />
school bus and to assess potential new occupant protection<br />
systems.<br />
THE AUTHORS<br />
KRISTIN M. POLAND, Ph. D., is a Biomechanical Engineer in the Office <strong>of</strong> Research and Engineering at the National Transportation<br />
Safety Board. She received her B.S in mechanical engineering from Cornell University in 1994 and a Ph.D. in biomechanical<br />
engineering from the University <strong>of</strong> Iowa in 1998. Dr. Poland joined the NTSB in 1998 and has participated in various forms <strong>of</strong><br />
modeling, simulation, and analytical studies in highway, aviation, and railroad investigations.<br />
LINDA B. McCRAY is a Mechanical Engineer in the Office <strong>of</strong> Vehicle Safety Research at the National Highway Traffic Safety<br />
Administration. She joined NHTSA in 1992 and has been involved in research on various crashworthiness issues related to children,<br />
such as the child restraint systems standard upgrade, research on side-impact protection for children, and research under NHTSA’s<br />
August 1998 plan to evaluate the “Next Generation” <strong>of</strong> research concerning occupant protection for all school bus passengers.<br />
AIDA BARSAN-ANELLI is a Mechanical Engineer with Information Systems and Services, Inc. (ISSI), doing work as a contractor<br />
for the Office <strong>of</strong> Vehicle Safety Research at the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. She joined ISSI in 1998 and has been<br />
providing engineering modeling and analysis support to NHTSA related to research programs and the development <strong>of</strong> supporting<br />
materials for NHTSA rulings on vehicle safety. These efforts included use <strong>of</strong> the MADYMO and LS-Dyna3D applications for<br />
simulations and modeling, and use <strong>of</strong> their associated pre- and post-processing applications to generate the models and analyze the<br />
results.<br />
66 NTSB JOURNAL OF ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION, SPRING 2006; VOLUME 2, ISSUE 1