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Docteur de l'université Automatic Segmentation and Shape Analysis ...

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TABLE DES MATIÈRES<br />

Acknowledgements iii<br />

Résumé v<br />

Abstract vii<br />

1 Introduction 1<br />

1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2<br />

1.1.1 Alzheimer’s disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2<br />

1.1.2 Hippocampus <strong>and</strong> its role in AD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6<br />

1.1.3 MRI in AD studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9<br />

1.1.3.1 MRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10<br />

1.1.3.2 Structural MR in AD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12<br />

1.2 Plan of the thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14<br />

2 Literature Review 17<br />

2.1 <strong>Segmentation</strong> of hippocampus in MR images . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17<br />

2.1.1 Hippocampal atlases <strong>and</strong> segmentation protocols . . . . . . 19<br />

2.1.2 Survey of segmentation algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />

2.1.2.1 Region growing <strong>and</strong> <strong>de</strong>formable mo<strong>de</strong>ls . . . . . . 23<br />

2.1.2.2 <strong>Shape</strong> <strong>and</strong> appearance based methods . . . . . . . 24<br />

2.1.2.3 Atlas based methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25<br />

2.1.3 Evaluation of segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29<br />

2.2 Quantitative analysis of shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30<br />

2.2.1 Representation of shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32<br />

2.2.2 Alignment of point sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33<br />

2.2.3 Establishment of correspon<strong>de</strong>nce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35<br />

2.2.4 Dimension reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37<br />

2.3 Measuring the hippocampal atrophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37<br />

2.3.1 Volume measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38<br />

2.3.2 <strong>Shape</strong> analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39<br />

2.4 Approach adopted in this thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40<br />

ix

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