Higher education in Asian countries and the role of international ...

Annex I - Definitions
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Annexes
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of population aged 15 years and over who can both read
and write with understanding a short simple statement on his/her everyday life.
Capacity building is planned development of or an increase in knowledge, skills, competencies,
abilities, efficiencies, and other capabilities of people, communities or organization through
acquisition, incentives, technology, and/or training.
Gross enrolment ratio in tertiary education is the number of pupils enrolled in the tertiary
level of education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population in the
theoretical age group for the same level of education. For the tertiary level, the population used is
the five-year age group following on from the secondary school leaving age.
Higher education it means all types of studies, training or training for research at the post-
secondary level, provided by universities or other educational establishments which are approved
as institutions of higher education by the competent State authorities.
Internationalization is a variety of policies and programs that universities and governments
implement to respond globalization that may include sending students to study abroad, setting up
a branch campus overseas, or engaging in some type of inter-institutional partnership (Altbach,
Reisberg et Rumbley 2009).
International organization mean institutions that have a formal system of rules, objectives, and
administrative structure, and, which have an involvement of, interaction between individuals,
groups, other organizations or nations, generally beyond national boundaries.
Intergovernmental Organizations or IGOs are formal, continuous structure established by
agreement between members states, whether governmental representatives from sovereign states
work to pursue common interest of the member countries.
Literacy is the ability to read and write with understanding a simple statement related to one‟s
daily life. It involves a continuum of reading and writing skills, and often includes also basic
arithmetic skills (numeracy).
Net enrolment ratio in primary education is the number of pupils of the theoretical school-age
group for primary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.
Qualification in higher education means any diploma, degree or other qualifying certificate that