Higher education in Asian countries and the role of international ...

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transform the higher education sector in Pakistan to face the new challenges at domestic and
global level. So, in order to develop the higher education in the country the government has
introduced policy reform to enhance the gross enrolment ration up to 10% by 2015, to increase in
resource allocation, to encourage lifelong learning for teachers through Continuous Professional
Development (CPD) programs, to speedup external and internal quality assurance mechanism, to
improve ranking system of the universities, to promote collaboration with foreign universities.
Reforms in education sector in the past decade, both at federal and provincial levels, have been
introduced to improve the infrastructure, to enhance access to information and to increase
enrolment in the field of science and technology at university level. More resources have been
allocated to higher education sector as a result of these reforms. Also the reforms have been
introduced to strengthen the governance of educational institutions. Public Private Partnership
has been introduced to improve management, financing and planning at institutional level.
Another key aspect of higher education reform is the improvement of Infrastructure, access to
information, establishment of digital resource hub in the form of Digital Library.
Sri Lanka
Reforms have been introduced to ensure equal opportunities to quality education, to develop the
capacity, restructuring of ministry of education and reorganization of school structures.
In 998 as a result of comprehensive education reforms, a competence-based curriculum was
developed, tested and introduced.
Since 1998, it mandatory for all children in the age group 5-14 years to attend school
To improve the performance of students as school-based assessment system has been introduced
at all stages
To uplift the teaching staff quality, teacher education and professional training has been linked
with upward mobility.
As a result of 13 th Amendment to the Constitution, the Central Government has devolved most of
the functions and responsibilities in education sector to the Provincial Authorities. Now the
Provincial Council System is responsible for education.
5.4.1.4 Central Asia
Kazakhstan