Higher education in Asian countries and the role of international ...

93
general and of human knowledge, in particularly the development of the dissemination of the
sciences, letters and the arts. CICI was also responsible for creating a state of mind conducive to
the peaceful settlement of international problems within the framework of the League of
Nations.” Since its inception CICI was faced with the problems like global peace instability,
absence of international spirit, shattered education systems, non-conducive circumstances, and
scarcity of human and financial resources. On 9 th August 1925 in response to an appeal by the
Assembly of the League of Nations the French government issued a law to establish an
International Institute for Intellectual Co-operation (IICI) in Paris. This institute started function
as an executing agency for CICI (UNESCO, 1946) International Institute of Intellectual Co-
operation waged an effective campaign against the obstacles that were faced by intellectual life;
provision of facilities for study travel, the drafting of many bilateral intellectual agreements, the
award of fellowships and study grants and the exchange of professors and workers (Hajnal P. ,
1983). Despite of these barriers International Institution of Intellectual Co-operation (IICI)
persuaded to achieve the objectives, from1940 and onward it was unable to continue its activities
due to fall of France. On 18 th December 1925 International Bureau of Education was established
in Geneva as an international non-governmental organization. It was concerned with the
comparative education, educational documentation and educational innovation. In 1929 IBE
became an intergovernmental organization and later on, it was integrated with UNESCO on 1 st
January 1969.
On 16 th November 1942 first meeting or the Conference of Allied Ministers of Education
(CAME) was convened by Richard A. Butler in London. In May 1943, during the fourth session
of CAME, a proposal for the creation of an international organization for education came up. In
the later meetings, gradually, this idea of such an organization further crystallized (Hajnal P. ,
1983).
In October 1944 considerable progress was seen as CAME published a drafted a charter of
United Nations and in January1945 a committee constituted to study the possible relations
between the proposed UNO, the Institution of Intellectual Co-operation and the International
Bureau of Education in Geneva. On 24 th October 1945 at San Francisco USA, the newly adopted
Charter of the United Nations came into force henceforth the United Nations Organizations came
into existence. Article 57 of the Charter provided the grounds for the creation of a specialized
agency concerned to education and culture, UNESCO. The Constitution of UNESCO, signed on