Diversifying crop rotations with temporary grasslands - Université de ...

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Bookmark PhD thesis Helmut MEISS
Overview of treatments
CHAPTER C.I: LARGE-SCALE WEED SURVEYS
Table B1: Crop species surveyed in the first study (see Table 2 in Article 1 ASD).
Crop species Type Sowing season
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) perennial autumn or spring
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) annual autumn
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) annual autumn
Pea (Pisum sativum) annual autumn or spring
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) annual spring-summer
Maize (Zea mays) annual spring-summer
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) annual spring-summer
Table B2: Groups of fields surveyed in the second study representing four stages of
a crop rotation (see Table 1 in Article 2 WRE).
Group Crop and precedent
a) Wheat after annual crops
b) Alfalfa 1 year
c) Alfalfa 2-6 years
d) Wheat after alfalfa
CHAPTER C.II: FIELD EXPERIMENT
Table B3: Nine crop treatments (T2-T11) of the Epoisses experiment
(see Table 6 of Manuscript 3 for details).
Treatment
code
Symbol
Type
Crop
Species
Management Intercrop
Sowing Cutting Autum soil Cover
season frequency tillage crop
T2 Med Aut C-
Medicago sativa Autumn 3/y C- / /
T4 Med Aut C+ Medicago sativa Autumn 5/y C+ / /
T5 Med Spr C+ Medicago sativa Spring 5/y C+ / /
T6 Dac Spr C+ Dactylis glomerata Spring 5/y C+ / /
T7 Dac Aut C+ Dactylis glomerata Autumn 5/y C+ / /
T8 Dac Aut C- Dactylis glomerata Autumn 3/y C- / /
T9 WB T+
T10 WB T-
T11 WB T+M
Annual
Wheat-Barley
Wheat-Barley
Wheat-Barley
See Table 4B
Yes T+
No T-
Yes T+
No
No
Mustard
Perrennial
CHAPTER C.III: REGROWTH AFTER CUTTING
Cutted
Experimental
treatments
Control
(3)
Plant
age
(2) size
(2) size
12/01 -
02/02 -
23/02 -
● = sowing
= plants under partial shadow
1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th (5 th cuttings
)
02/04 -
02/05 -
01/06 -
Time (dates in 2007)
211
16/07 -
06/09 -
(1)
differences
between
species
Fig. B1: Overview of the experimental treatments, sowing and cutting dates of the
regrowth trials in 2007 (see Methods of Article 4 JPDP for details).
Table B4: Four treatments for interaction between competition (presence of alfalfa)
and cutting (2x2 factorial design, see Methods of Article 5 BMH for details).
Treatment Competition Early cutting
A) Weak (no alfalfa) No
B) Strong (alfalfa) No
C) Weak (no alfalfa) Yes
D) Strong (alfalfa) Yes
CHAPTER C.IV: SEED PREDATION
Crop treatments
Type, species, cutting
Perennial Annual
Bare soil
Spring barley
Medicago C+
Medicago C-
Dactylis C+
Dactylis C-
Festuca
Margin mix C+
Margin mix C-
T
T S
30 Jan
25 Feb
1.
April
T
27 Mar
01 Apr
C
C
C
16 Apr
18 Apr
29 Apr
29 Apr
2.
May
14 May
Predation trials 3.
July
T
C
C
C
C
C
29 May
Time (dates in 2008)
Fig. B2: Crop treatments of the seed predation study (cf. Fig. 1 in Article 8 AGEE
and Article 7). T, soil tillage; S, sowing; C, cutting dates.
C
C
18 Jun
C
C
10 Jul
14 Jul
29 Jul