Diversifying crop rotations with temporary grasslands - Université de ...

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Name of species /genera Code Freq. Life cycle Mono/Dicot Morphology FG Polygonum lapathifolium POLLA 50 A D upright 1 Polygonum persicaria POLPE 444 A D upright 1 Potentilla reptans PTLRE 43 P D rosette 6 Primula sp PRI 3 P D rosette 6 Pulicaria dysenterica PULDY 4 P D upright 6 Ranunculus acris RANAC 1 P D upright 6 Ranunculus arvensis RANAR 4 A D creeping, other 3 Ranunculus ficaria FICVE 3 P D creeping, other 6 Ranunculus parviflorus RANPF 172 P D creeping, other 6 Ranunculus repens RANRE 35 P D creeping, other 6 Ranunculus sardous RANSA 64 A D creeping, other 3 Raphanus raphanistrum RAPRA 5 A D upright 1 Rapistrum rigosum +sp RASRU 96 A D upright 1 Reseda lutea +sp RES 531 I D upright 5 Rosa sp Rosa 1 P D climbing 6 Rubia peregrina RBIPE 2 P D climbing 6 Rubus fruticosus RUB 362 P D climbing 6 Rumex acetosella RUMAA 3 P D upright 6 Rumex conglomeratus RUMCO 33 P D upright 6 Rumex crispus RUMCR 271 P D upright 6 Rumex obtusifolius RUMOB 135 P D upright 6 Salvia sp SAL 1 A D upright 1 Saxifraga tridactylites SXFTR 1 A D rosette 4 Scandix pecten-veneris SCAPV 105 A D rosette 4 Scleranthus annuus SCRAN 5 A D upright 1 Scrophularia sp SCUSS 2 A D upright 1 Senecio vulgaris +sp SENVU 2188 A D upright 1 Setaria pumila SET 597 A M grass 7 Sherardia arvensis SHRAR 204 A D creeping, other 3 Sherardia sp SHR 1 A D creeping, other 3 Silene latifolia MELAL 1034 P D upright 6 Silybum marianum SLYMA 177 A D upright 1 Sinapis alba SINAL 5 A D upright 1 Sinapis arvensis SINAR 1771 A D upright 1 Sisymbrium officinale SSYOF 44 A D upright 1 Solanum nigrum +sp SOLNI 1236 A D upright 1 Sonchus arvensis SONAR 13 P D rosette 6 Sonchus asper SONAS 2950 A D rosette 4 Sonchus oleraceus SONOL 305 A D rosette 4 Spergula arvensis SPRAR 10 A D creeping, other 3 Stachys annua STA 116 A D upright 1 Stellaria aquatica MYTAQ 1 A D creeping, other 3 Stellaria media STEME 2054 A D creeping, other 3 Taraxacum officinale TAROF 2061 P D rosette 6 Thlaspi arvense THLAR 164 A D rosette 4 Thlaspi perfoliatum THLPE 10 A D rosette 4 Tordylium maximum TORMA 12 A D rosette 4 Torilis arvensis TOI 387 A D rosette 4 Tragopogon pratensis TROPR 10 P D upright 6 Tragopogon pratensis TROPR 10 P D upright 6 Trifolium arvense TRF 224 P D creeping, other 6 Tussilago farfara TUSFA 2 P D upright 6 Urtica dioica URTDI 24 P D upright 6 Valerianella locusta VALLO 172 A D rosette 4 Verbascum thapsus VESTH 6 I D rosette 5 Verbena officinalis +sp VEBOF 228 I D upright 5 Veronica agrestis VERAG 120 A D creeping, other 3 207
Name of species /genera Code Freq. Life cycle Mono/Dicot Morphology FG Veronica arvensis +polita VERAR 1194 A D creeping, other 3 Veronica hederifolia VERHE 4856 A D creeping, other 3 Veronica persica VERPE 4220 A D creeping, other 3 Vicia cracca +sp VIC 54 P D upright 6 Viola arvensis +tricolor +sp VIOTR 2630 A D upright 1 Vulpia myuros VLPMY 3 A M grass 7 208
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Diversifying crop rotations with te
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In Chizé, I am indebted to all the
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Talks . ...........................
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C.II.4.1 Differences between crop t
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INDEX OF FIGURES Fig. 1: Population
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ABSTRACTS (ENGLISH, FRENCH & GERMAN
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Extended summary in English Résum
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Extended summary in English Résum
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CONTEXT AND FUNDING This thesis is
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THESIS ORGANISATION This thesis ent
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8) Meiss, H., Lagadec, L. L., Munie
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Posters . 1) Meiss, H., Waldhardt,
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2007). Agriculture is increasingly
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term considerations (Munier-Jolain
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problematic for the production of d
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Newton, 2004). Several bird species
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A.III APPROACHES TO ALLEVIATE THE
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and higher production costs or even
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competitive yield loss (Cousens, 19
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2006; Makowski et al., 2007). Moreo
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Table 3: Four strategies for combin
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otations is thus an obvious approac
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iv) the availability of cheap and e
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Clay & Aguilar (1998) compared the
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Heggenstaller & Liebman (2006) comp
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growth of any (crop or weed) plant
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A.V DIVERSIFIED CROPPING SYSTEM CON
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crops will thus probably show rathe
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annual crops while increasing organ
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• Which species are suppressed, w
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B OVERWIEW OF THE MATERIALS & METHO
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A) France B) Study site ~1000 km Pe
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perennial crops with different mana
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B.III.2.4 Cutting height In 2008, t
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B.IV.3 Design of the seed predation
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Agron. Sustain. Dev. 30 (2010) 657-
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Contrasting weed species compositio
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Mean frequency in perennial lucerne
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C.I.2 Article 2: Meiss, H., Médiè
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332 H Meiss et al. communities (Boo
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334 H Meiss et al. functional group
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336 H Meiss et al. Table 3 Indicato
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338 H Meiss et al. Relative frequen
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340 H Meiss et al. MEISS H, MUNIER-
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perennial crop treatments, differen
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PFCs might inhibit the successful g
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during winter), T10 without soil ti
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The viability and germination abili
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Table 8: Organic carbon and total n
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The development of weed species ric
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C.II.3.1.2 Dynamics of weed communi
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C.II.3.1.3 Dynamics of individual w
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Time Fig. 14: Temporal development
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At the end of the experiment in spr
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Difference sown - unsown (plants m
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Cumulated BM production (g m -2 ) 1
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Weed biomass (g m -2 ) 500 400 300
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Table 12: Factors differing between
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However, some differences in densit
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Table 13: Mechanisms causing the im
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2007 and 2008, while big numbers of
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• Weed biomasses decreased in sum
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Our results show that different mec
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including exotic species (Palmer an
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XIII ème COLLOQUE INTERNATIONAL SU
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irradiation,…), and (ii) biotic i
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Table I: Species included in the ex
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Fig. 2: Mean biomass (harvestable d
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When both treatments were combined,
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C.IV WEED SEED PREDATION C.IV.1 Art
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XIII ème COLLOQUE INTERNATIONAL SU
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produites restent à la surface du
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Tableau 1 : Liste des espèces adve
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Insectes prédateurs Les principaux
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C.IV.3 Article 8: Meiss, H., Lagade
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Table 1 Studies investigating the i
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Table 2 Overview showing (i) mean s
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higher weed seed losses (e.g., Mena
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D GENERAL DISCUSSION Data from weed
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The first two limits could be addre
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Page 181 and 182: Frequency in field experiment (Epoi
Page 183 and 184: crops (Clay and Aguilar, 1998; Card
Page 185 and 186: Such diversified crop rotations cou
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Page 189 and 190: field margin strips (compare Articl
Page 191 and 192: 1) The absence of soil tillage and
Page 193 and 194: D.III.2 Predicting weed regrowth af
Page 195 and 196: Future studies must determine the s
Page 197 and 198: (illustrated in Fig. 24). Later, re
Page 199 and 200: D.III.3 Factors determining weed se
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Page 203 and 204: natural conditions, weed species po
Page 205 and 206: This PhD research project documente
Page 207 and 208: area needed for crop production. Gl
Page 209 and 210: seed characteristics, tillage and s
Page 211 and 212: Fried G., S. Petit, F. Dessaint, X.
Page 213 and 214: at the Eastern base of the Meissner
Page 215 and 216: Lindegarth M., L. Gamfeldt. (2005)
Page 217 and 218: Murphy S.D., D.R. Clements, S. Bela
Page 219 and 220: affected by experimental substrate.
Page 221 and 222: Vincent G., M. Ahmim. (1985) Note o
Page 223 and 224: ANNEXES ANNEXE 1: KEY WORDS IN ENGL
Page 225 and 226: genetically modified crop varieties
Page 227 and 228: ANNEXE 3: WEED SPECIES OF THE LARGE
Page 229: Name of species /genera Code Freq.
Page 233 and 234: ERKLÄRUNG (DECLARATION FOR THE GIE
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