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Talks . 1) Meiss, H., Munier-Jolain, N., Henriot, F. & Caneill, J. (2008) Regrowth of arable weeds after cutting. 24 th German Conference on Weed Biology and Weed Control. Hohenheim, Germany, p. 493-499. 2) Meiss, H., Le Lagadec, L., Petit, S. & Waldhardt, R. (2008) Impacts of vegetation cover and crop identity on weed seed predation. EURECO-GFÖ ‘Biodiversity in an Ecosystem th Context’ – 11 European Ecological Conference of the European Ecological Federation and 38 th Ann. Conf. Ecological Society of Germany, Switzerland and Austria (GfÖ). Leipzig, Germany, p. 505. 3) Meiss, H.; Le Lagadec, L.; Munier-Jolain, N.; Waldhardt, R. & Petit, S. (2009), Post- rd dispersal seed predation of 7 weed species increases with vegetation cover, in 3 Workshop of the EWRS Working Group: Weeds and Biodiversity, Lleida, Spain, p. 95-96. 4) Meiss, H., Bonnot, R., Strbik, F., Waldhardt, R., Caneill, J. & Munier-Jolain, N. (2009) Cutting and competition reduce weed growth: additive or interactive effects? 'XIII Colloque international sur la biologie des mauvaises herbes, Dijon, France, p. 28-37. 5) Bienau, M., Meiss, H., Munier-Jolain, N. & Waldhardt, R. (2009) Contrasted weed seed th banks in perennial and annual crops. Oral presentation by Miriam Bienau, 39 Ann. Conf. Ecological Society of Germany, Switzerland and Austria (GfÖ). Bayreuth, Germany, p. 82. 6) Meiss, H., Médiène, S., Bienau, M., Waldhardt, R., Caneill, J. & Munier-Jolain, N. (2010) Diversifying crop rotations with perennial forage crops for integrated weed management. th 15 European Weed Research Symposium, 2010, Kaposvár, Hungary. xxii ème
Posters . 1) Meiss, H., Waldhardt, R., Gasquez, J., Bretagnolle, V., Munier-Jolain, N. & Caneill, J. (2007) Weed abundance may be reduced in crop rotations including temporary grasslands. Ann. Conf. Ecological Society of Germany, Switzerland and Austria (GfÖ), Marburg, Germany, p. 536. 37 th 2) Alignier A, Meiss H, Petit S & Reboud X (2008) Postdispersal weed seed predation th ranged between 19 to 84% per week following a species preference rank. 24 German Conference on Weed Biology and Weed Control, Hohenheim, Germany, p. 221-226. 3) Meiss, H., Naulin, C., Waldhardt, R., Caneill, J. & Munier-Jolain, N. (2008) Perennial crops and cutting frequency are important factors suppressing arable weeds in crop th rotations. EURECO-GFÖ ‘Biodiversity in an Ecosystem Context’ – 11 European Ecological Conference of the European Ecological Federation and 38 th Ann. Conf. Ecological Society of Germany, Switzerland and Austria (GfÖ). Leipzig, Germany, p. 517. 4) Cordeau, S., Boursault, A. & Meiss, H. (2009) Sown field margin strips: What flora, what seed predators, what weed seed predation? XIII des mauvaises herbes, Dijon, France, p. 50-59. 5) Meiss H., N. Munier-Jolain, J. Caneill, S. Médiène, V. Bretagnolle, R. Waldhardt (2010) Diversifying crop rotations with perennial forage crops: potential benefits for weed th management & farmland biodiversity. Gesellschaft für Ökologie 40 Anniversary xxiii ème Colloque international sur la biologie Meeting ‘The future of biodiversity: Genes, Species, Ecosystems’, Gießen, Germany, p. 308.
Page 1 and 2: Diversifying crop rotations with te
Page 3 and 4: In Chizé, I am indebted to all the
Page 5 and 6: Talks . ...........................
Page 7 and 8: C.II.4.1 Differences between crop t
Page 9 and 10: INDEX OF FIGURES Fig. 1: Population
Page 11 and 12: ABSTRACTS (ENGLISH, FRENCH & GERMAN
Page 13 and 14: Extended summary in English Résum
Page 15 and 16: Extended summary in English Résum
Page 17 and 18: CONTEXT AND FUNDING This thesis is
Page 19 and 20: THESIS ORGANISATION This thesis ent
Page 21: 8) Meiss, H., Lagadec, L. L., Munie
Page 25 and 26: 2007). Agriculture is increasingly
Page 27 and 28: term considerations (Munier-Jolain
Page 29 and 30: problematic for the production of d
Page 31 and 32: Newton, 2004). Several bird species
Page 33 and 34: A.III APPROACHES TO ALLEVIATE THE
Page 35 and 36: and higher production costs or even
Page 37 and 38: competitive yield loss (Cousens, 19
Page 39 and 40: 2006; Makowski et al., 2007). Moreo
Page 41 and 42: Table 3: Four strategies for combin
Page 43 and 44: otations is thus an obvious approac
Page 45 and 46: iv) the availability of cheap and e
Page 47 and 48: Clay & Aguilar (1998) compared the
Page 49 and 50: Heggenstaller & Liebman (2006) comp
Page 51 and 52: growth of any (crop or weed) plant
Page 53 and 54: A.V DIVERSIFIED CROPPING SYSTEM CON
Page 55 and 56: crops will thus probably show rathe
Page 57 and 58: annual crops while increasing organ
Page 59 and 60: • Which species are suppressed, w
Page 61 and 62: B OVERWIEW OF THE MATERIALS & METHO
Page 63 and 64: A) France B) Study site ~1000 km Pe
Page 65 and 66: perennial crops with different mana
Page 67 and 68: B.III.2.4 Cutting height In 2008, t
Page 69 and 70: B.IV.3 Design of the seed predation
Page 71 and 72: Agron. Sustain. Dev. 30 (2010) 657-
Page 73 and 74:
Contrasting weed species compositio
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Page 79 and 80:
Mean frequency in perennial lucerne
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C.I.2 Article 2: Meiss, H., Médiè
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332 H Meiss et al. communities (Boo
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334 H Meiss et al. functional group
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336 H Meiss et al. Table 3 Indicato
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338 H Meiss et al. Relative frequen
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340 H Meiss et al. MEISS H, MUNIER-
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perennial crop treatments, differen
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PFCs might inhibit the successful g
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during winter), T10 without soil ti
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The viability and germination abili
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Table 8: Organic carbon and total n
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The development of weed species ric
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C.II.3.1.2 Dynamics of weed communi
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C.II.3.1.3 Dynamics of individual w
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Time Fig. 14: Temporal development
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At the end of the experiment in spr
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Difference sown - unsown (plants m
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Cumulated BM production (g m -2 ) 1
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Weed biomass (g m -2 ) 500 400 300
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Table 12: Factors differing between
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However, some differences in densit
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Table 13: Mechanisms causing the im
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2007 and 2008, while big numbers of
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• Weed biomasses decreased in sum
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Our results show that different mec
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including exotic species (Palmer an
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XIII ème COLLOQUE INTERNATIONAL SU
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irradiation,…), and (ii) biotic i
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Table I: Species included in the ex
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Fig. 2: Mean biomass (harvestable d
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When both treatments were combined,
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C.IV WEED SEED PREDATION C.IV.1 Art
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XIII ème COLLOQUE INTERNATIONAL SU
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produites restent à la surface du
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Tableau 1 : Liste des espèces adve
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Insectes prédateurs Les principaux
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C.IV.3 Article 8: Meiss, H., Lagade
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Table 1 Studies investigating the i
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Table 2 Overview showing (i) mean s
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higher weed seed losses (e.g., Mena
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D GENERAL DISCUSSION Data from weed
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The first two limits could be addre
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composition that may be compared to
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Frequency in field experiment (Epoi
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crops (Clay and Aguilar, 1998; Card
Page 185 and 186:
Such diversified crop rotations cou
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the leaves (needed for photosynthes
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field margin strips (compare Articl
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1) The absence of soil tillage and
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D.III.2 Predicting weed regrowth af
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Future studies must determine the s
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(illustrated in Fig. 24). Later, re
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D.III.3 Factors determining weed se
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governing the presence and abundanc
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natural conditions, weed species po
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This PhD research project documente
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area needed for crop production. Gl
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seed characteristics, tillage and s
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Fried G., S. Petit, F. Dessaint, X.
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at the Eastern base of the Meissner
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Lindegarth M., L. Gamfeldt. (2005)
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Murphy S.D., D.R. Clements, S. Bela
Page 219 and 220:
affected by experimental substrate.
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Vincent G., M. Ahmim. (1985) Note o
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ANNEXES ANNEXE 1: KEY WORDS IN ENGL
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genetically modified crop varieties
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ANNEXE 3: WEED SPECIES OF THE LARGE
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Name of species /genera Code Freq.
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Name of species /genera Code Freq.
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ERKLÄRUNG (DECLARATION FOR THE GIE
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