Mining_Methods_UnderGround_Mining - Mining and Blasting

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Mechanized mining in low headroom at waterval Boosting production The Anglo Platinum Group of South Africa, the world’s leading platinum producer, has completed an ambitious plan to boost its annual output by 75% from 2.2 million ounces to 3.5 million ounces by the year 2006. This tough target would have been a daunting prospect for most mining companies, especially in conditions at its Waterval mine, where headroom seldom exceeds 2.0 m. However, Anglo Platinum, which accounts for more than half of the total platinum produced in South Africa, has very extensive experience of low seam operations. This experience led the company to Atlas Copco, who supplied a complete equipment package to Waterval’s specification to meet all of its low headroom loading, drilling, and rock bolting needs. Thin seam, high output Waterval Mine is near Rustenburg, about 150 km northwest of Johannesburg. It is one of Anglo Platinum’s newest mines, and will be making its contribution to the group’s target by excavating 3.2 million t/year in an orebody just 0.6 m-thick and on a decline of nine degrees. Despite the low seam and restricted mining space, Anglo Platinum was con- vinced that it could tackle the task suc- cessfully, and opted for the room and pillar method with ramp access, together with mechanized equipment. The mine design meant that the rooms would be extremely confined, with a height of 1.8-2.0 m. This, in turn, meant that headings would have to be as low as possible, and the equipment extremely compact. Anglo Platinum also insisted that quantum improvements be made at the mine in three priority areas: safety, production and productivity, in that order. Potential suppliers were assessed by Waterval engineers. Atlas Copco Scooptram ST600LP in the stopes. was the only company able to provide a total solution around the three key mining tools required: loader, drill rig, and bolting rig. These needed to be low profile, compact and technically advanced, specially designed for low ruSTenBurg, SOuTH aFriCa seam work and exacting environments. In addition, Atlas Copco agreed to act as a cooperation partner in all aspects of the rock excavation process, providing operator training, spare parts supply, and service and maintenance. Room and pillar layout at Waterval where Scooptram ST600LP loaders work in as low as 1.8 m headroom. underground mining methods 119
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Mining Methods in Underground Minin
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Contents Foreword 2 Foreword by Han
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Mining TrendS Trends in underground
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Rock production (2005) Ore (Mt) noi
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geOlOgy FOr Mining geology for unde
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Sandstone. Gneiss. Many salts, for
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drives within the mineral deposit,
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Mineral prospecting and exploration
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Atlas Copco underground core drilli
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Finding the right balance in explor
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% 100 80 60 40 20 0 Canada latin am
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Mine inFraSTruCTure underground min
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pumphouses and workshops. Drill/bla
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Principles of raise boring efficien
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Typical operating installation of t
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MeCHanized BOlTing Mechanized bolti
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on the latest Boomer and Simba seri
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Mining in steep orebodies Based on
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main level, providing access and ve
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waste ratio during a typical muckin
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Mining in flat orebodies nearly hor
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crosscut drift Foot wall (The Fossu
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BaCkFilling Backfilling for safety
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Thickener Binder cement and/or slag
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History Mining has been conducted a
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0.1% Cu, 99 g/t Ag and 0.3 g/t Au.
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This joint development process star
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zinkgruVan, Sweden Changing systems
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longhole open stoping has contribut
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flexibility during drilling and bol
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increasing outputs at lkaB iron ore
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2 Groups of ore passes 7 Developmen
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keMi, Finland From surface to under
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The crusher station at the 560 m le
Page 69 and 70: Kemi is carrying out slot hole dril
Page 71 and 72: JelSˇ aVa, SlOVakia Mining magnesi
Page 73 and 74: Pillar between stopes 5.0 m-high, b
Page 75 and 76: kure, Turkey all change for asikoy
Page 77 and 78: m along the footwall contact, or in
Page 79 and 80: History The El Soldado and Los Bron
Page 81 and 82: Max 15.0 m Ventilation shaft 17 to
Page 83 and 84: Simba M6 C drilling radial holes. a
Page 85 and 86: Pioneering mass caving at el Tenien
Page 87 and 88: caving in primary rock. Currently,
Page 89 and 90: Production area 5 4 80 m 57,5 m 22,
Page 91 and 92: used is again panel caving with pre
Page 93 and 94: introduction Codelco, renowned for
Page 95 and 96: During pilot hole drilling and rea-
Page 97 and 98: 40 m in length were drilled each mo
Page 99 and 100: anTOFagaSTa, CHile Modernization at
Page 101 and 102: MOunT iSa, auSTralia Mount isa mine
Page 103 and 104: 4500N Advance south Stoping sequenc
Page 105 and 106: to the hanging wall. The fill used
Page 107 and 108: MelBOurne, auSTralia High speed hau
Page 109 and 110: The Minetruck MT5010 exits from the
Page 111 and 112: geology The Olympic Dam mineral dep
Page 113 and 114: Activity Overview Mucking Overview
Page 115 and 116: on site. Later stopes, which are no
Page 117 and 118: improved results at Meishan iron or
Page 119: ig, six hours/shift, two shifts/day
Page 123 and 124: large scale copper mining adapted t
Page 125 and 126: tricky, because the pillars in the
Page 127 and 128: gerMany/SOuTH kOrea underground min
Page 129 and 130: which are spread over 10-130 Mpa. A
Page 131 and 132: CaMPO FOrMOSO, Brazil Sub level cav
Page 133 and 134: Slot drilling at Ferbasa: The Simba
Page 135 and 136: getting the best for Peñoles Speci
Page 137 and 138: They went from drilling 20 m downwa
Page 139 and 140: keeping a low profile at Panasqueir
Page 141 and 142: Boomer S1 L drill rig in operation.
Page 143 and 144: Want peace of mind? Visit our Maste
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