Mining_Methods_UnderGround_Mining - Mining and Blasting
Mining_Methods_UnderGround_Mining - Mining and Blasting
Mining_Methods_UnderGround_Mining - Mining and Blasting
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nanJing, CHina<br />
Wagner service truck doing the rounds of the mine.<br />
thickness of 292.50 m <strong>and</strong> a minimum<br />
thickness of 2.56 m, giving an average<br />
thickness of 134 m. The deposit is esti-<br />
mated to contain reserves of 260 million t<br />
of predominantly Fe 3 O 4 iron ore.<br />
The mine entrance is located 37 m<br />
above sea level (ASL), where the first<br />
phase of development got underway in<br />
1975, <strong>and</strong> the ore is currently mined at<br />
-243 m ASL.<br />
Idealized long section of mine.<br />
Southwest<br />
ventilation<br />
1# Main shaft 2# Main shaft<br />
+31.50 m +37 m<br />
–447 m<br />
development<br />
Phase One of the Meishan development<br />
plan comprised shaft development, underground<br />
stoping <strong>and</strong> sub-level caving.<br />
There are six shafts, three for hoisting<br />
(main, secondary <strong>and</strong> southwest), <strong>and</strong><br />
three for ventilation (south, southeast<br />
<strong>and</strong> west). The main ramp, built in<br />
2000, is connected at its lower end to<br />
RAMP<br />
Southeast<br />
ventilation<br />
+47 m<br />
–186 m<br />
–198 m<br />
the horizontal mining area at the -198<br />
m level. The mining process consists<br />
of development drifting, rock drilling<br />
for stoping, back-stoping <strong>and</strong> recovery,<br />
transportation, <strong>and</strong> ore hoisting, in which<br />
Meishan has pioneered the introduction<br />
of mechanization.<br />
In this respect, the mine has been<br />
working h<strong>and</strong> in h<strong>and</strong> with Atlas Copco.<br />
It installed its first Atlas Copco Simba<br />
H252 drill rig in April, 1993, <strong>and</strong> now<br />
operates 11 Atlas Copco rigs. Of these,<br />
three Simba H252, one Simba H254<br />
<strong>and</strong> two Simba H1354 rigs are used for<br />
production drilling, while four Boomer<br />
281 <strong>and</strong> one Rocket Boomer 281 are<br />
used in development. In addition, two<br />
Scooptram ST1020 loaders are employed<br />
on production.<br />
The Simba rigs drill 76 mm blast<br />
holes, while the Boomer rigs drill 76 mm<br />
cut holes <strong>and</strong> 48 mm blast holes. All<br />
drifting <strong>and</strong> medium-to-long hole dril-<br />
ling is carried out by Atlas Copco drilling<br />
rigs. This equipment has been instrumental<br />
in enabling Meishan to continuously<br />
improve its productivity <strong>and</strong><br />
efficiency, year on year.<br />
For example, from 1995 to present,<br />
the number of workers employed in drif-<br />
ting has been successively reduced from<br />
more than 500 to 160, <strong>and</strong> the number<br />
of miners has also diminished significantly.<br />
During the same period, productivity<br />
has been substantially increased<br />
(see table).<br />
Meishan is in operation approximately<br />
300 days/year, <strong>and</strong> drifting <strong>and</strong> mining<br />
teams comprise two men per drill<br />
North<br />
ventilation<br />
–198 m<br />
–213 m<br />
–228 m<br />
–243 m<br />
Shaft for<br />
personnel hoist<br />
116 underground mining methods<br />
–258 m<br />
–330 m