The Cogswells in America - citizen hylbom blog
The Cogswells in America - citizen hylbom blog The Cogswells in America - citizen hylbom blog
I 12 wick, rich in forest and rivers, but even in its curtailed proportions it adds to its mineral resources many productive fields for the a>j;riculturisl ; and it was in the richest of these, near the Bay of Fundy, that the drama was enacted in which the French Acadians made way for the New Engl.md Puritans. Sympathy with the expatriated is always strong under any cir- cumstances, but the American poet, Longfellow, has, by his genius, shed a warm glow of sentiment over the banished Acadians, which blinds the reader to the real facts of the situation. It must be borne in mind that Nova Scotia was for years a battle-field for the .nrms and diplomacy of Great Britain and France. l"o Britain, through the agency of the Cabots, belongs the credit of the discovery of the Province, for Columbus had only explored in the Gulf of Mexico. The Gilberts followed with actual residence ; and on this fact, mainly, perhaps, depended the claims for possession made by Great Britain. But the brave and enterprising French, under the energetic guidance of De la Roche and De Monto, and with a power of assimilation, so to speak, which was not visible in their subsequent efforts at colonization, soon made Acadia a French province, and they established themselves in the rest of Eastern Canad.i with a tenacity such as to secure the retention of their indi- viduality in the Dominion to this day. By the treaty of Germains. Nova Scotia was formally ceded to France, although prior to that date sjjecial efforts ii.id been made, initiated by King James I., to convert the country into a New Scot- land, corresponding to the New England, which was already realizing the hopes that had attended its first settlement. The student of history finds himself wondering how any progress was pos- sible in Provinces which changed hands so frequently to meet the exigencies of European statesmen. The conditions of life must have been at times abso- lutely bewildering, and anything like settled loyalty must have been more than difficult. At one time a treaty, at another time a conquest, led to change of ownership. Nova Scotia was retaken by the English under secret instructions from Cromwell, but the treaty of Breda, in 1667, between Charles the Second and Louis the Fourteenth, restored it again to France. From this time, how- ever, the energy of the British colonists and the apathy of the French guv- ernment portended the ultimate predominance of the former race, and the cap- ture of Port Royal ('afterwards called Annapolis Royal) by the Massachusetts force, in 17 10. paved the way for the cession of the Province to the British crown under the treaty of Utrecht, in 1713. A troubled career was before it until 1749, little real colonization being effected ; and in that year a large part of the Province known now as Cape Breton was, in a miserable spirit of compromise, ceded again to France. For the next six years every effort was made to develop the resources of the Province and to make it a thoroughly British colony, but in vain. The French residents, simple and industrious though they were, were compelled by external agencies to li\e in an atmosphere of intrigue. They assisted to keep the Indians in a state of agitation ; they car- ried on a mistrusted correspondence with their countrymen in the Province known then as Canada, and now as Quebec. The strengthening of Louisbourg
in the French colony of Cape Breton seemed to be aggressive, and the disas- ters to the British troops under Gen. Braddock increased the plotting against British rule among the French settlers. There are times with nations, as with individuals, when drastic remedies have to be employed, and when an urgency exists which cannot wait for the ordinary movements of the law, when, in a word, weapons for immciiiaie tUtct are called into action, irrespective of their rudeness and harshness. No one can do other than deplore the sufferings which attended the expatriation of the French Acadians, but their removal had become a political necessity. The act was performed with all possible humanity by Col. Winslow, a native of New England, who commanded the forces charged with the unpleasant duty. Col. Winslow himself said that the work was " contrary to his make and temper," and was not likely to aggravate the sufferings of the unhapp)- people. Some descendants of the French Acadians remain in the Province, living in secluded villages, retaining their separate language and customs, and holding little intercourse with the British inhabitants, yet it may be questioned whether, nationally regarded, not only they, but all the so-called French Canadians, are not really more British than French ; for their ancestors are reputed to have come from Brittany and Normandy. Jacques Cartier. the first Kuropean voyager who set foot in Canada, was a native of Brittany. Brittany was col- onized from Wales ; its French name is Bretagiie. the same as for Britiiin, while both its current English name and that of its people are but variations of Britain and Briton. The intiinate blood relationship between the Normans, also, and the English, requires no words of explanation. If, then, there be rea- son to believe that no actual difference exists except in language, between the French Canadians and their British compatriots, it may be worth while for the former to consider whether they would not do wisely to give up this one acquired peculiarity, and so identify themselves in all respects with their neighbors speaking the English tongue. The vacant places in Acadia were soon filled. New England, whose vig- orous sons took so prominent a part in all the battles of Great Britain on the .American continent, stepped into the vacant farms, and among her pioneers in New Scotland, caine from Connecticut in 1761, Hezekiah Cogswell. Our earliest authority in print for the statements in the foregoing sketch is • Haliburton's History of Nova Scotia." This work was received with special and official favor by the Legislative Assembly, and is worthy of the author, who on other and humorous fields earned the sol'riquet of " Sam Slick." It is in two volumes, published in 1829. The first volume is occupied with a general history of the Province, and the second contains an account of its arrangement in divisions, counties, districts, and townships, and the manner in which they became settled with inhabitants. The settlers were invariably of the lespectable classes, and their descendants have no reason to fear a coinpar- ison with the population of any other country as regards their origin. No con- vict under sentence has ever been known to cross their borders, except, strange to say. oiit'iCnrd-bounJ. An amusing instance of this was recently given in a
- Page 101 and 102: 65 WILLIAM COGSWELL. [86] CScnralof
- Page 103 and 104: 67 sick of their impertinence, slie
- Page 105 and 106: 69 THE CHILDREN OF THE FIRST MARRIA
- Page 107 and 108: 71 " If there ever was a good man,
- Page 109 and 110: JAMES COGSWELL. [93] James'' Cogswe
- Page 111 and 112: 75 i9t08rapl)tcal. Nathaniel Cogswe
- Page 113 and 114: 11 Mary Lc-eoi-tt, wife of Cul. Joh
- Page 115 and 116: 79 iSiOQtapffital. William Cogswell
- Page 117 and 118: JttrtnoranUa. Ebenezer Ci.)r,5\VEl.
- Page 121 and 122: 83 JACOB COGSWELL. [120] ^rnraloQtt
- Page 123 and 124: S5 THKIK CHII.DKKX WERE: Hannah, b.
- Page 126 and 127: ^ J^/9^^.V'-t-^^^eru
- Page 128 and 129: 88 Symnics rotter was a sea-captaii
- Page 130 and 131: 90 JEREMIAH COGSWELL. 150 (Srnralog
- Page 132 and 133: 92 DEATH OF THE tjon. ®l]omas Cogs
- Page 134 and 135: 94 THEIR CHILDREN WERE: Juciith lla
- Page 136: 96 Stiirgc-. They li\ud in Palmyra,
- Page 139 and 140: 99 was in the army over eight years
- Page 141 and 142: lor hill until late in life, then r
- Page 143 and 144: I03 15, 1766, in Gilmanton, N. H. T
- Page 145 and 146: THEIR CHI to5 JriilTH, [420] b. Mar
- Page 147 and 148: I07 JEREMIAH COGSWELL. [168] aStnta
- Page 149 and 150: I09 JOHN COGSWELL. [184 ] ^rnealoBi
- Page 151: ArIUS of HOVS $(10UR. a-ze^iTi-Ei:
- Page 155 and 156: "5 whicli usi;d to develop the musc
- Page 157 and 158: Jonathan Rochu.-U. Jc-remiah Rogers
- Page 159 and 160: Rev. Ebenezer Devotion, who had pre
- Page 161 and 162: i[«cmorantia. Joseph Cogswell was
- Page 163 and 164: 123 " Know ye . . . That I, Samuel
- Page 165 and 166: THEIR CHILDREN WERE: Ll'iHER. [517]
- Page 167 and 168: SIXTH GENERATION. EDWARD COGSWELL.
- Page 169 and 170: 129 EUNICE COGSWELL. [220] ©cnfalo
- Page 171 and 172: ^Abigail Bclclier, who died Jan. 23
- Page 173 and 174: WILLIAM COGSWELL. 1244 ] (iSrnralof
- Page 175 and 176: Eunice, [589]. 135 their children w
- Page 177 and 178: WILLIAM COGSWELL. [254 ] eScntalosU
- Page 180 and 181: ^.TZt^^ ^^^^ /Ct^>^ a^ J^eLC. Jfa^^
- Page 182 and 183: I40 His wife was Harriet Jane Hanso
- Page 184 and 185: 142 THEIR CHILDRI-.N WERE: Joseph,
- Page 186 and 187: THF-IK ( HIl.DKEN WKRF. : I.um:. li
- Page 188 and 189: 146 nnx. HORACE ^rAV^•ARI), i.i,.
- Page 190 and 191: 148 NORTHEND COGSWELL. [276 1 (ffir
- Page 192 and 193: ISO a resident of Grand Canary Isla
- Page 194 and 195: 152 was installed over the church i
- Page 196 and 197: 154 JOHN DENISON RUSS, M. D. John D
- Page 198 and 199: 156 Joseph F„rhy has been describ
- Page 200 and 201: 15S HANNAH LUCAS COGSWELL. [300] ^r
<strong>in</strong> the French colony of Cape Breton seemed to be aggressive, and the disas-<br />
ters to the British troops under Gen. Braddock <strong>in</strong>creased the plott<strong>in</strong>g aga<strong>in</strong>st<br />
British rule among the French settlers. <strong>The</strong>re are times with nations, as with<br />
<strong>in</strong>dividuals, when drastic remedies have to be employed, and when an urgency<br />
exists which cannot wait for the ord<strong>in</strong>ary movements of the law, when, <strong>in</strong> a<br />
word, weapons for immciiiaie tUtct are called <strong>in</strong>to action, irrespective of their<br />
rudeness and harshness. No one can do other than deplore the suffer<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
which attended the expatriation of the French Acadians, but their removal<br />
had become a political necessity. <strong>The</strong> act was performed with all possible<br />
humanity by Col. W<strong>in</strong>slow, a native of New England, who commanded the<br />
forces charged with the unpleasant duty. Col. W<strong>in</strong>slow himself said that the<br />
work was " contrary to his make and temper," and was not likely to aggravate<br />
the suffer<strong>in</strong>gs of the unhapp)- people.<br />
Some descendants of the French Acadians rema<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> the Prov<strong>in</strong>ce, liv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><br />
secluded villages, reta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g their separate language and customs, and hold<strong>in</strong>g<br />
little <strong>in</strong>tercourse with the British <strong>in</strong>habitants, yet it may be questioned whether,<br />
nationally regarded, not only they, but all the so-called French Canadians,<br />
are not really more British than French ; for their ancestors are reputed to<br />
have come from Brittany and Normandy. Jacques Cartier. the first Kuropean<br />
voyager who set foot <strong>in</strong> Canada, was a native of Brittany. Brittany was col-<br />
onized from Wales ; its French name is Bretagiie. the same as for Britii<strong>in</strong>,<br />
while both its current English name and that of its people are but variations<br />
of Brita<strong>in</strong> and Briton. <strong>The</strong> <strong>in</strong>ti<strong>in</strong>ate blood relationship between the Normans,<br />
also, and the English, requires no words of explanation. If, then, there be rea-<br />
son to believe that no actual difference exists except <strong>in</strong> language, between the<br />
French Canadians and their British compatriots, it may be worth while for the<br />
former to consider whether they would not do wisely to give up this one<br />
acquired peculiarity, and so identify themselves <strong>in</strong> all respects with their<br />
neighbors speak<strong>in</strong>g the English tongue.<br />
<strong>The</strong> vacant places <strong>in</strong> Acadia were soon filled. New England, whose vig-<br />
orous sons took so prom<strong>in</strong>ent a part <strong>in</strong> all the battles of Great Brita<strong>in</strong> on the<br />
.<strong>America</strong>n cont<strong>in</strong>ent, stepped <strong>in</strong>to the vacant farms, and among her pioneers <strong>in</strong><br />
New Scotland, ca<strong>in</strong>e from Connecticut <strong>in</strong> 1761, Hezekiah Cogswell.<br />
Our earliest authority <strong>in</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>t for the statements <strong>in</strong> the forego<strong>in</strong>g sketch is<br />
• Haliburton's History of Nova Scotia." This work was received with special<br />
and official favor by the Legislative Assembly, and is worthy of the author,<br />
who on other and humorous fields earned the sol'riquet of " Sam Slick." It is<br />
<strong>in</strong> two volumes, published <strong>in</strong> 1829. <strong>The</strong> first volume is occupied with a<br />
general history of the Prov<strong>in</strong>ce, and the second conta<strong>in</strong>s an account of its<br />
arrangement <strong>in</strong> divisions, counties, districts, and townships, and the manner <strong>in</strong><br />
which they became settled with <strong>in</strong>habitants. <strong>The</strong> settlers were <strong>in</strong>variably of<br />
the lespectable classes, and their descendants have no reason to fear a co<strong>in</strong>par-<br />
ison with the population of any other country as regards their orig<strong>in</strong>. No con-<br />
vict under sentence has ever been known to cross their borders, except, strange<br />
to say. oiit'iCnrd-bounJ. An amus<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>stance of this was recently given <strong>in</strong> a