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heavier than the loins <strong>of</strong> his great gr<strong>and</strong>father ; <strong>and</strong> would bind all fast with a<br />

military chain. . . . How<br />

this will end, time must discover. If in a similar<br />

event (which is not impossible to the providence <strong>of</strong> God, nor more improbable to<br />

Britons than, five years ago, this stamp act was to Americans), the loss <strong>of</strong> two mil-<br />

lions <strong>of</strong> the best affected subjects, <strong>and</strong> one third, some say one half, <strong>of</strong> the pr<strong>of</strong>its <strong>of</strong><br />

the national trade, must be no small weakening to the most flourishing kingdom in<br />

the world. In fine, such are the nature <strong>and</strong> number <strong>of</strong> the evils apprehended as I<br />

should think sufficient to awaken us to an engaged attention to our case, to evince us<br />

<strong>of</strong> the necessity <strong>of</strong> a general congress, <strong>and</strong> excite this <strong>and</strong> the other governments,<br />

from every principle <strong>of</strong> love <strong>and</strong> loyalty to our gracious King, to the British parlia-<br />

ment, to the interest <strong>of</strong> the nation <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> the colonies—to use their utmost efforts, in<br />

lawful constitutional measures, to avert these evils, <strong>and</strong> for the repeal <strong>of</strong> this Stamp-<br />

Act."<br />

The fifth paper, dated October ii, discusses "the reasons assigned for<br />

these extraordinary measures" by " Civis." The "better protecting <strong>and</strong><br />

securing <strong>of</strong> the American colonies " is first noticed ; <strong>and</strong>, with a view to<br />

the repayment <strong>of</strong> expenses incurred for that purpose in past times, " 'tis<br />

reasonable" it had been said, "we should contribute to diminish the vast<br />

national debt ;"<br />

" but " replied Johnson, " we know how it arose—by what immense sums sunk<br />

in the ocean— Germany—in which Americans have no more concern than East<br />

Indiamen. And is there any refunding from Germany ? We know what enormous<br />

sums are annually expended in support <strong>of</strong> numerous idle <strong>of</strong>ficers <strong>and</strong> placemen in<br />

Great Britain. . . . but<br />

they are not <strong>of</strong> American appointment or good will.<br />

. . . I hope these are not to be charged to American protection.<br />

" When our forefathers were few <strong>and</strong> poor, <strong>and</strong> incompassed with innumerable<br />

enemies, they greatly needed help <strong>and</strong> protection ;<br />

yet then there was no such concern<br />

<strong>and</strong> bustle about it ; no, they were left, unassisted, to their own efforts, <strong>and</strong> the pro-<br />

tection <strong>of</strong> their God. And no wonder—there was no money immediately to be got<br />

by it ; but now we are numerous, <strong>and</strong> Canada <strong>and</strong> our enemies are subdued—scarce<br />

an enemy dare lift up his head in all the l<strong>and</strong>— now, hungry placemen, <strong>and</strong> those who<br />

would be such, make a mighty bustle about our belter protection ; <strong>and</strong><br />

we must be<br />

heavily taxed, <strong>and</strong> an hundred thous<strong>and</strong> pounds annually raised <strong>and</strong> sent over to the<br />

exchequer for the purpose. . . . But<br />

what special protection have we ever had<br />

332

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