Final Environmental Impact Statement

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Vestal Final Environmental Impact Statement Chapter 5 198 A community of living plants and animals interacting with each other and with their physical environment. A geographic area where it is meaningful to address the interrelationships with human social systems, sources of energy, and the ecological processes that shape change over time. Eligible (Heritage Resources) Indicates a specific heritage resource qualifies for or is already listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Endangered Species Any species of animal or plant in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range and so designated by the Secretary of Interior in accordance with the 1973 Endangered Species Act. Ephemeral Streams A stream or portion of a stream that has flowing water only in direct response to precipitation in the immediate locality (watershed or catchment basin), and only flows during and for a short duration after the precipitation event. Runoff from rainfall or snowmelt is the primary source of water for stream flow. Groundwater is not a source of water for the stream and thus the stream bed is at all times above the water table. Erosion The wearing away of the land surface by running water, wind, ice, gravity, or other geological activities. Erosion Hazard Rating The probability of soil loss from off-road and off-trail disturbance activities that remove most or all of the protective ground cover and expose the soil surface. Erosion hazard ratings are developed by the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) based on forest soil properties. Fire Hazard A fuel complex, defined by volume, type, condition, arrangement and location, that determines the ease of ignition and the resistance to control. Fire Incidence The average number of fires in a specified area during a specified time period. Fire Occurrence Number of fires per unit time in a specified area (synonym for fire frequency). Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC) A tool developed to evaluate current against natural landscape characteristics with respect to vegetation-fuel composition and structure, fire frequency, fire severity, and other disturbances. Fire Regime Condition Class characterizes the degree of departure from natural fire, vegetation, and fuel regimes. • Fire Regime Condition Class I - Fire regimes are within natural range, and risk of losing key ecosystem components is low. Vegetation attributes (species composition and structure) are intact and functioning within historical range.
Vestal Final Environmental Impact Statement Chapter 5 • Fire Regime Condition Class II - Fire regimes have been moderately altered from their natural range. The risk of losing key ecosystem components is moderate. Fire frequencies have departed from natural frequencies by one or more return intervals. Vegetation attributes have been moderately altered. • Fire Regime Condition Class III - Fire regimes have been significantly altered from their natural range. The risk of losing key ecosystem components is high. Fire frequencies have departed from natural frequencies by several return intervals. Vegetation attributes have been significantly altered. Fire Risk The chance of a fire starting, as affected by the nature and incidence of causative agents, including lightning, people, and industry. Three risk scales are used: high, moderate, and low. High-risk areas include locations where lightning, people, or industry have commonly caused fire in the past; moderate-risk areas include locations where lightning, people, or industry have periodically caused fire in the past; and low-risk areas include locations where lightning, people, or industry have infrequently caused fire in the past. Fire Suppression All the work and activities connected with fire-extinguishing operations beginning with discovery and continuing until the fire is completely extinguished. Fire Suppression Objective To suppress wildfires at minimum costs consistent with land and resource management objectives and fire-management direction as determined by National Fire Management Analysis System (NFMAS). This includes all work and activities associated with fire-extinguishing operations beginning with discovery and continuing until the fire is completely extinguished. Fireline Intensity The rate of heat energy released per unit time per unit length of a fire front. Numerically, it is the product of the heat combustion, quality of fuel consumed per unit area in the fire front, and the rate of spread of a fire as measured in BTUs per second per foot of the fire front. Floodplain The lowland and relatively flat areas adjacent to streams and standing bodies of water and coastal waters, including debris cones and flood-prone areas of offshore islands. 100-year floodplains include, at a minimum, the area subject to a 1% chance of flooding in any given year. Forage Vegetation used for food by wildlife, particularly ungulate wildlife and domestic livestock. Forbs Any herbaceous plant other than those in the grass, sedge, and rush families. For example, any non-grass-like plant that has little or no woody material. Forest System Roads 199
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Final Environmental Impact Statement

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