III. Gm-C Filtering - Epublications - Université de Limoges

FIGURE 111. LINEARIZATION OF THE TRANSCONDUCTANCE BY CURRENT INCREASE...............................................................- 97 -
FIGURE 112. SOURCE DEGENERATION.........................................................................................................................- 97 -
FIGURE 113. SCHEMATIC OF THE DYNAMIC SOURCE DEGENERATION TECHNIQUE .................................................................- 98 -
FIGURE 114. TRANSCONDUCTANCE LINEARIZATION BY DYNAMIC SOURCE DEGENERATION .....................................................- 98 -
FIGURE 115. UNBALANCED CMOS DIFFERENTIAL PAIRS.................................................................................................- 99 -
FIGURE 116. LINEARIZATION OF THE TRANSCONDUCTANCE BY UNBALANCED DIFFERENTIAL PAIRS ...........................................- 99 -
FIGURE 117. FDA // PDA GM-CELL DESIGN..............................................................................................................- 100 -
FIGURE 118. TRANSCONDUCTANCE LINEARIZATION BY MGTR ......................................................................................- 101 -
FIGURE 119. TRANSCONDUCTANCE LINEARIZATION BY MGTR ......................................................................................- 102 -
FIGURE 120. GM-CELL TEST BENCH ..........................................................................................................................- 102 -
FIGURE 121. PROPOSED DIFFERENTIAL GM-C FILTER ..................................................................................................- 104 -
FIGURE 122. CAPACITOR BANKS DESIGN....................................................................................................................- 104 -
FIGURE 123. MODEL FOR THE SWITCHES...................................................................................................................- 105 -
FIGURE 124. CURRENT SOURCE GENERATION.............................................................................................................- 105 -
FIGURE 125. GM-CELL DESIGN ................................................................................................................................- 106 -
FIGURE 126. GM-CELL DC GAIN AND TRANSCONDUCTANCE..........................................................................................- 107 -
FIGURE 127. FILTER GAIN AND Q-FACTOR FOR VARIOUS CENTRAL FREQUENCIES ...............................................................- 108 -
FIGURE 128. FILTER RF PERFORMANCES VERSUS CENTRAL FREQUENCY............................................................................- 108 -
FIGURE 129. GM-CELL DESIGN ................................................................................................................................- 109 -
FIGURE 130. GM-CELL DC GAIN AND TRANSCONDUCTANCE..........................................................................................- 110 -
FIGURE 131. GM-CELL LINEARITY VERSUS PDA BIAS....................................................................................................- 110 -
FIGURE 132. MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS OF THE GM-CELL IIP3 FOR 100 RUNS ............................................................- 111 -
FIGURE 133. FILTER GAIN AND Q-FACTOR FOR VARIOUS CENTRAL FREQUENCIES ...............................................................- 111 -
FIGURE 134. CENTRAL FREQUENCY VARIATION VERSUS CAPACITANCE VALUES...................................................................- 112 -
FIGURE 135. FILTER RF PERFORMANCES VERSUS CENTRAL FREQUENCY............................................................................- 112 -
FIGURE 136. FILTER IN-BAND IIP3 VERSUS CENTRAL FREQUENCY ...................................................................................- 113 -
FIGURE 137. IIP3 VERSUS PDA BIAS VARIATION AT 135MHZ.......................................................................................- 114 -
FIGURE 138. PRINCIPLE OF AN OA BASED FILTER ........................................................................................................- 119 -
FIGURE 139. SALLEN-KEY BANDPASS FILTER SCHEMATIC...............................................................................................- 120 -
FIGURE 140. NEGATIVE FEEDBACK RAUCH BANDPASS FILTER SCHEMATIC.........................................................................- 121 -
FIGURE 141. Q-FACTOR OF THE NEGATIVE FEEDBACK RAUCH FILTER VERSUS GAIN K ..........................................................- 122 -
FIGURE 142. POSITIVE FEEDBACK RAUCH BANDPASS FILTER SCHEMATIC...........................................................................- 123 -
FIGURE 143. Q-FACTOR VERSUS FILTER GAIN FOR RAUCH AND SALLEN-KEY FILTERS...........................................................- 126 -
FIGURE 144. HARMONICS AND ADJACENT CHANNELS REJECTIONS FOR Q=3 .....................................................................- 128 -
FIGURE 145. CAPACITORS BANKS DESIGN ..................................................................................................................- 129 -
FIGURE 146. CENTRAL FREQUENCY OF THE FILTER VERSUS DTUNE..................................................................................- 130 -
FIGURE 147. FREQUENCY EVOLUTION OF THE OPEN-LOOP GAIN K ..................................................................................- 131 -
FIGURE 148. PROPOSED NON-INVERTING AMPLIFIER IMPLEMENTATION OF GAIN K............................................................- 131 -
FIGURE 149. FILTER PEAKING GAIN...........................................................................................................................- 132 -
FIGURE 150. PEAK FREQUENCY VERSUS OA GBW ......................................................................................................- 132 -
FIGURE 151. OPEN-LOOP STUDY TEST-BENCH ...........................................................................................................- 133 -
FIGURE 152. SCHEMATIC OF THE OA IN CMOS .........................................................................................................- 136 -
FIGURE 153. OA VOLTAGE GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY IN CMOS ....................................................................................- 137 -
FIGURE 154. INITIAL SCHEMATIC OF THE OA IN BICMOS.............................................................................................- 138 -
FIGURE 155. LINEARITY OF THE FILTER VERSUS FOLLOWER CURRENT I F ............................................................................- 139 -
FIGURE 156. FEEDBACK LOOP ON THE FOLLOWER TO INCREASE LINEARITY........................................................................- 140 -
FIGURE 157. ENHANCEMENT OF THE LINEARITY OF THE FILTER BY A FEEDBACK LOOP ON THE FOLLOWER STAGE .......................- 140 -
FIGURE 158. LOCATION OF THE POLES AND ZEROS OF THE RAUCH FILTER TRANSFER FUNCTION WHEN C STAB1 VARIES .................- 141 -
FIGURE 159. FINAL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER SCHEMATIC .............................................................................................- 142 -
FIGURE 160. OA GAIN AND PHASE VERSUS FREQUENCY WHEN IMPLEMENTING CSTAB2 .....................................................- 143 -
FIGURE 161. OA GAIN VERSUS FREQUENCY ...............................................................................................................- 144 -
FIGURE 162. ON-CHIP IMPLEMENTED DIFFERENTIAL FILTER...........................................................................................- 145 -
FIGURE 163. MAIN TEST BENCH ..............................................................................................................................- 146 -
FIGURE 164. LAYOUT OF ONE CAPACITOR BANK..........................................................................................................- 146 -
FIGURE 165. LAYOUT OF ONE OA CELL .....................................................................................................................- 147 -
FIGURE 166. LAYOUT OF THE ENTIRE RAUCH DIFFERENTIAL FILTER..................................................................................- 147 -
FIGURE 167. RAUCH FILTER CHIP PHOTOGRAPH..........................................................................................................- 148 -
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