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272 HONDA THE SAMURAI. some of them to die by being frozen was nothing uncommon. Most of them had gambled away their clothing, and a dozen or more were stark naked. Water was freezing on the ground in the shade, and as evening was coming on, the shivering wretches seemed ill-fitted to carry the travelers four n", or ten miles. " Feed them before they start, and watch them while they eat, or they '11 gamble away their rice, and there will be only hungry men to leave you in the lurch. Pay for their food yourself, and give them their wages only at the end of the journey," said the relay-agent. Mr. Rai ordered rice and soup from the res- taurant, and had these wretched creatures called " clouds," because they wander about homeless arid outcasts fed under his eyes. Then cheerily setting the poles of the palanquins on their shoulders, and swinging their burden, -they started off, an extra four men being provided for relay. At every ri, or league, they stopped, built a fire of leaves, and after warming hands and legs till they were as well singed as a chicken under a newspaper blaze in the kitchen, they jogged on. Yet even these men touched Mr. Rai's awakened sensibilities less than the clouds of women, many of them young and fair, who were doomed to lives in which moral purity was impossible. As he occasion- ally passed the dead body of an eta on the road, or saw the fresh-turned earth which covered the unmarked corpse of a "cloud," his thoughts were
stirred. OVEE THE TOKAIDO TO YEDO. 273 " It must be true," he thought to himself, " as Mr. Koba said, ' Our country can never equal in civilization the western nations so long as human life is so cheap.' " Reaching Yedo, Mr. Rai occupied a room in the Superior, or chief one of the three yashikiz, or houses, of the lord of Echizen. All of the wealth- ier and more important of the daimios had these dwellings, which may be described as being half-way between a palace and a caravanserai, in which the men and families of the clan dwelt while in Yedo. They were named in their order, Superior, Middle, and Lower. The Superior Yashiki was inside the castle circuit; the secondary one was within the quarter occupied by the samurai, but beyond the outer moat of the castle, and the third, or Lower, was over in the less important part of Yedo across the river. The relative wealth, grandeur, or rank of each feudal lord was indicated by the massiveness of the gate entrances, the number of beams projecting towards the street, and the gorgeousness of the golden crests on each beam-end. Some of the gardens within these palaces were of surpassing natural loveliness, cultivated to the utmost of the florist's art, and rich in objects of taste and skill. Within the buildings, or fire-proof stone houses, were amazing stores of paintings on silk, carved ivory and crystal, bronzes and gold-damaskened iron-work, lac- quered cabinets, costly libraries of manuscript, block, printed, and illuminated books, brocades and silk, and all that art and wealth and cunning workman-
- Page 240 and 241: CHAPTER XVII. AN OBJECT LESSON IN W
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stirred.<br />
OVEE THE TOKAIDO TO YEDO. 273<br />
" It must be true," he thought to himself,<br />
" as Mr. Koba said, ' Our country can never equal<br />
in civilization the western nations so long as human<br />
life is so cheap.' "<br />
Reaching Yedo, Mr. Rai occupied a room in the<br />
Superior, or chief one of the three yashikiz, or<br />
houses, of the lord of Echizen. All of the wealth-<br />
ier and more important of the daimios had these<br />
dwellings, which may be described as being half-way<br />
between a palace and a caravanserai, in which the men<br />
and families of the clan dwelt while in Yedo. They<br />
were named in their order, Superior, Middle, and<br />
Lower. The Superior Yashiki was inside the castle<br />
circuit; the secondary one was within the quarter<br />
occupied by the samurai, but beyond the outer moat<br />
of the castle, and the third, or Lower, was over in<br />
the less important part of Yedo across the river.<br />
The relative wealth, grandeur, or rank of each feudal<br />
lord was indicated by the massiveness of the<br />
gate entrances, the number of beams projecting<br />
towards the street, and the gorgeousness of the<br />
golden crests on each beam-end. Some of the gardens<br />
within these palaces were of surpassing natural<br />
loveliness, cultivated to the utmost of the florist's<br />
art, and rich in objects of taste and skill. Within<br />
the buildings, or fire-proof stone houses, were amazing<br />
stores of paintings on silk, carved ivory and<br />
crystal, bronzes and gold-damaskened iron-work, lac-<br />
quered cabinets, costly libraries of manuscript, block,<br />
printed, and illuminated books, brocades and silk,<br />
and all that art and wealth and cunning workman-