PSYCHOTHERAPY ENGAGERS VERSUS NON-ENGAGERS

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Clients ....................................................................................................................... 73 Therapists .................................................................................................................. 73 Judges ........................................................................................................................ 73 Measures ....................................................................................................................... 74 Client demographics ................................................................................................. 74 Therapist demographics ............................................................................................ 74 Judge demographics .................................................................................................. 74 The Helping Skills System........................................................................................ 74 Client attachment style .............................................................................................. 75 Intake session duration .............................................................................................. 76 Client pre-therapy need for therapy .......................................................................... 76 Client pre-therapy outcome expectations.................................................................. 76 Procedures ..................................................................................................................... 76 Client recruitment ..................................................................................................... 76 Therapist recruitment ................................................................................................ 77 Judge recruitment ...................................................................................................... 77 Intake sessions .......................................................................................................... 78 Training for the HSS ................................................................................................. 78 Transcripts for the HSS ............................................................................................. 78 Unitizing for the HSS................................................................................................ 79 Coding using the HSS ............................................................................................... 80 Chapter 5: Results ............................................................................................................. 81 Descriptive Statistics ..................................................................................................... 81 Preliminary Analyses .................................................................................................... 84 Main Analyses and Planned Comparisons .................................................................... 85 Research Question 1 ................................................................................................. 86 Research Question 2 ................................................................................................. 87 Research Question 3 ................................................................................................. 88 Research Question 4 ................................................................................................. 90 Research Question 5 ................................................................................................. 91 Research Question 6 ................................................................................................. 92 Research Question 7 ................................................................................................. 94 Research Question 8 ................................................................................................. 95 Research Question 9 ................................................................................................. 96 Research Question 10 ............................................................................................... 98 All Nine Subtypes of Helpings Skills for Engagers and Non-engagers ....................... 99 Additional Analyses .................................................................................................... 102 Client attachment style ............................................................................................ 102 Intake session duration ............................................................................................ 104 Client pre-therapy need for therapy ........................................................................ 105 Client pre-therapy outcome expectations................................................................ 105 Chapter 6: Discussion .................................................................................................... 107 Overall Helping Skills and Psychotherapy Engagement ............................................ 107 First Third of the Intake: Helping Skills and Psychotherapy Engagement ................. 108 Middle Third of the Intake: Helping Skills and Psychotherapy Engagement ............ 109 iii
Last Third of the Intake: Helping Skills and Psychotherapy Engagement ................. 109 Additional Analyses .................................................................................................... 110 Anxious attachment ................................................................................................ 110 Avoidant attachment ............................................................................................... 111 Intake duration ........................................................................................................ 111 Client pre-therapy need for therapy. ....................................................................... 112 Client pre-therapy outcome expectations................................................................ 112 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 113 Limitations .................................................................................................................. 114 Implications for Practice and Research....................................................................... 116 Appendix A: Preliminary Tests of Therapist Effects ...................................................... 118 References ....................................................................................................................... 119 iv
Page 1 and 2: ABSTRACT Title of Document: PSYCHOT
Page 3 and 4: PSYCHOTHERAPY ENGAGERS VERSUS NON-E
Page 5: Table of Contents List of Tables ..
Page 9 and 10: List of Figures Figure 1: Approval-
Page 11 and 12: therapists (Hill & Lent, 2006), tha
Page 13 and 14: third of the intake) and types of t
Page 15 and 16: “completed treatment” - from a
Page 17 and 18: ange on the OQ-45.2 when beginning
Page 19 and 20: Wierzbicki and Pekarik (1993) condu
Page 21 and 22: Enabling factors or barriers refer
Page 23 and 24: MI evaluation were statistically si
Page 25 and 26: later dropout (Barrett et al., 2008
Page 27 and 28: male) at a university counseling ce
Page 29 and 30: = 12.3, p < .001, and lower rates o
Page 31 and 32: F(1, 261) = 40.64, p < .001. Limita
Page 33 and 34: clinic in a medium-sized Midwestern
Page 35 and 36: Summary. In summary, there are seve
Page 37 and 38: quality of the technique (e.g., app
Page 39 and 40: therapist behaviors which may be be
Page 41 and 42: of the three judges. Based on an ex
Page 43 and 44: theoretical orientation. Furthermor
Page 45 and 46: occur after closed questions, and I
Page 47 and 48: Elliott’s (1985) system used in t
Page 49 and 50: 8 women who were interviewed to det
Page 51 and 52: lasted 20 minutes for each type, tr
Page 53 and 54: corresponded to similar categories
Page 55 and 56: does not provide restatements, refl
Page 57 and 58:
presenting concerns, psychosocial h
Page 59 and 60:
counselors was reported. Minimal fa
Page 61 and 62:
(1991); and Tryon (2003). At the en
Page 63 and 64:
counselor’s emphasis from gatheri
Page 65 and 66:
composed of volunteer undergraduate
Page 67 and 68:
Table 3 Tryon (2003) Mean Number an
Page 69 and 70:
therapy service at the university (
Page 71 and 72:
treatment outcome (which means the
Page 73 and 74:
Chapter 3: Statement of the Problem
Page 75 and 76:
engagement, and f) a definition of
Page 77 and 78:
the intake session, and about 4% wi
Page 79 and 80:
Research Question 9: Do proportions
Page 81 and 82:
Chapter 4: Method The present study
Page 83 and 84:
Indian and Portuguese; aged 20-28,
Page 85 and 86:
or abandoned by romantic partners.
Page 87 and 88:
Intake sessions. When clients arriv
Page 89 and 90:
unitizer had a unit in a meaningful
Page 91 and 92:
Table 4 Proportions of Helping Skil
Page 93 and 94:
Table 6 Proportions of Helping Skil
Page 95 and 96:
to the last third of the session, a
Page 97 and 98:
second to last third, F(1, 3858) =
Page 99 and 100:
Estimated Likelihood (%) 12 10 8 6
Page 101 and 102:
significant, F(1, 3856) = 3.95, p =
Page 103 and 104:
Research Question 7: Do proportions
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Research Question 10: Do proportion
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Client Avoidant Attachment Scale Av
Page 115 and 116:
Client Outcome Expectations How con
Page 117 and 118:
minimal encouragers since the 2009
Page 119 and 120:
In contrast, information about the
Page 121 and 122:
duration. This null finding diverge
Page 123 and 124:
Limitations Although the present st
Page 125 and 126:
for need for therapy and “How con
Page 127 and 128:
Appendix A: Preliminary Tests of Th
Page 129 and 130:
Barrett, M., Chua, W., Crits-Christ
Page 131 and 132:
Dodd, J. (1970). A retrospective an
Page 133 and 134:
Hampton-Robb, S., Qualls, R. C., &
Page 135 and 136:
Hill, C. E. (2009). Helping skills:
Page 137 and 138:
Johansson, H., & Eklund, M. (2005).
Page 139 and 140:
Ligiero, D. P., & Gelso, C. J. (200
Page 141 and 142:
Pekarik, G. (1983). Follow-up adjus
Page 143 and 144:
Stiles, W. B. (1978). Verbal respon
Page 145:
Willer, J. (2009). The beginning ps
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PSYCHOTHERAPY ENGAGERS VERSUS NON-ENGAGERS

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