PSYCHOTHERAPY ENGAGERS VERSUS NON-ENGAGERS

feelings (31% of the cases, with no cases showing the opposite pattern) or open questions
about feelings (15% of the cases, with no cases showing the opposite pattern). No overall
association was found between client narrative processing modes and subsequent
therapist verbal response modes. No differences in client and therapist helpfulness rating
for the therapist response modes or the client narrative process modes were found.
Limitations include that the significant findings only were driven by the data for less than
one-third of the cases. Also, since the sample was limited to female clients and female
therapists, the results may not be applicable with male clients and/or male therapists.
Summary. In summary, studies using the HCVRCS/HSS have examined the
effects of helping skills on a number of variables. Helping skills have been shown to
have a significant relationship with immediate outcome (Hill et al., 1988). Certain types
of helping skills have been shown to increase or decrease over the course of therapy (Hill
et al., 1983), and are related to client response modes (Hill et al., 1983; Goates-Jones &
Hill, 2009).
In addition, the HCVRCS/HSS has demonstrated good psychometric properties.
Evidence that the HCVRCS/HSS is able to distinguish behavioral differences in
theoretical orientations between therapists is supported by the Hill et al. (1979) finding
that the HCVRCS was able to distinguish different response mode styles between Rogers,
Perls, and Ellis (each therapist used response modes that were generally consistent with
their theoretical orientations), and by the Elliot et al. (1987) finding that the HCVRCS
was able to distinguish unique patterns of response modes for seven therapists of
differing theoretical orientations. Convergence validity was demonstrated in the Elliot et
al. (1987) study, which found that six of the response mode categories from the HCVRCS
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