Guide to Significant Wildlife Habitat - Door County Web Map

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• One important soil characteristic that deserves further investigation is the claim by Wilde et al. (1949) that the white cedar forests in Door County occur on a unique soil type found in only a few other places in the world. This soil results from the accumulation of organic matter (wood) over an alkaline substrate high in carbonates. • Three undeveloped lakes and associated wetlands occur within the Shivering Sands area. The largest of the lakes, Dunes, (also known as Gurlack or Mud Lake) is 81 acres in size and receives surface water from Geisel Creek to the north and several springs on the northwest and northeast edges of the marsh. This wetland drains to Lake Michigan via the swift flowing Shivering Sands Creek. Schwartz Lake (28 acres) and Arbter (Schmoke) Lake (16 acres) are shallow embayment lakes to the north of Dunes Lake. • An ill-defined stream which threads through the lowland conifer forest between the lakes connects Arbter to Schwartz Lake in the north central portion of the site. The outlet of Schwartz Lake flows south and eventually disappears into the bedrock upland southeast of the lake. Besides Shivering Sands Creek, several other permanent to ephemeral streams drain the site to Lake Michigan. • An extensive white cedar, alder, and balsam fir lowland forest surround the three lakes within the site. The lowland conifer forest forms the core forest of the site and hundreds of acres of puddles, pools, and ponds saturate this forest providing habitat for frogs, salamanders, and aquatic insects. A large sand dune (and ridge) and swale formation lies between the lowland forest and Lake Michigan in the south central portion of the site. The forest covering this landform holds white birch, red maple, beech, balsam fir, hemlock, and white pine on the uplands and white cedar, black ash and alder in the wetter depressions between the dunes or ridges. • The close intermixing of dry upland forests with wet lowland forest types greatly increases overall habitat diversity. A white birch, balsam fir, white spruce, hemlock, white cedar, white pine forest occurs on the rocky uplands in the east portion of the site and contains many species found in a more northerly or boreal climate. Dwarf lake iris (Iris lacustris), a federally-threatened listed plant is found in this dolostone based upland forest. • Lake dunes found along the shoreline of Lake Michigan typically hold beach grass (Ammophila breviligulata), common juniper (Juniperus communis), Canada wild-rye (Elymus canadensis), falseheather (Hudsonia tomentosa), beach-pea (Lathyrus japonicus), beach wormwood (Artemisia campestris), sand cherry (Prunis pumila), and various willows (Salix spp.). • The large contiguous forest of the site furnishes the areal extent required by fauna rarely found elsewhere on the more highly fragmented Door Peninsula. An impressive suite of mammals including fisher, beaver, otter, black bear, snowshoe hare, porcupine, mink, coyote and possibly bobcat have been recorded from the site. • A similarly impressive list of breeding birds has been recorded from the area. Black Terns (Chlidonias niger) as well as Sandhill Cranes are regular breeders on Dune’s Lake. The ridge/swale forest is home to abundant numbers of Canada Warblers (Wilsonia canadensis) and Northern Waterthrushes (Seiurus noveboracensis) among many others. In total over 110 species of birds have been recorded on June bird surveys from the site between 1987 and 1999. In 2001 a pair of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nested at Dune’s Lake. Southern Lake Michigan Shoreline 63
Lily Bay and Lily Bay Creek Lily Bay area refers to the land near the County Park boat ramp on Lake Michigan at the east end of County Road T. Lily Bay County Park is located along the interior portion and serves as a boat launch to Lake Michigan. Lily Bay Creek is a 7 mile, 5 foot wide stream with a gradient of 19.1 feet per mile, draining a watershed of 13 square miles. The creek is located in the Towns of Sturgeon Bay and Sevastopol, both of which have adopted the county’s zoning ordinance. This area contains low-forested swamps and upland sandy ridges that drain into Lily Bay Creek. This creek begins near the center of the Town of Sevastopol, far to the northwest of the coastal forest and drains a landscape of dairy farms, fields of row crops and small woodland patches. As this portion of the overall site contains similar soils and topography to the Shivering Sands area, the upland and lowland forests are dominated by similar tree species. • Shoreline development consists of residential homes with wooded lots. The surrounding land use is primarily agriculture, natural area, and residential area. • Lily Bay Creek is classified as Cold Class II for 1.6 miles and cold water for 1.4 miles, with a fair ranking. Flow is intermittent for upper reaches, and becomes continuous in the lower reaches. The creek empties into Lily Bay through a ridge and swale system. • Various small fish are found in Lily Bay Creek. Brook trout were last stocked in 1956 (Corbisier 2000). • The federal and state endangered Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) is historically known from the Lake Michigan shoreline at this site. • Lily Bay Creek is a natural corridor providing wildlife habitat that connects the land shore with interior portions of the peninsula. Kellner Fen Kellner Fen is located about 3 miles east of the City of Sturgeon Bay. Although descriptions vary, the total area of the open fen is between 60-80 acres. This open wetland is bounded by a sand ridge or dune and swale complex to the southeast, a white cedar (Thuja occidentalis) swamp to the north and a second growth mesic to wet mesic conifer hardwood forest to the west. • The Town of Sturgeon Bay, where the fen is located, has adopted the county’s zoning ordinance. • Land cover surrounding Kellner Fen is predominantly woodlots, other natural lands, orchards, old fields, a landscape nursery, and residential development along the Lake Michigan shoreline. • Soils are very poorly drained, nearly level, and organic (USDA SCS 1978). Fens are typically comprised of a soil called muck, made up of accumulating organic matter. • Vegetation of the fen consists of several sedge species, including woolly-fruit sedge (Carex lasiocarpa), tussock sedge (Carex stricta), water sedge (Carex aquatilis), yellow-green sedge (Carex flava), Wisconsin special concern species brown beak sedge (Rhynchospora fusca), and twig rush (Cladium mariscoides). 64 Southern Lake Michigan Shoreline
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Cover Photographs Top: Dwarf Lake I
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Illustrations © 1997 Chris Baird,
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This volume indicates that Door Cou
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6 — Acknowledgement — This publ
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— Table of Contents — Foreword
Page 14 and 15: As notable as the county is as a si
Page 17 and 18: A (very) Short Course in Ecology &
Page 19: Obviously, these are broad concepts
Page 22: 20 Site Index Wildlife Habitat & Na
Page 25 and 26: SITE FEATURES: Ahnapee River Corrid
Page 27 and 28: 26 Ahnapee River Corridor
Page 29 and 30: Ahnapee River Corridor ALL PHOTOS B
Page 31 and 32: • Dominant tree species of this f
Page 33 and 34: Black Ash Swamp ALL PHOTOS BY PAT R
Page 35 and 36: • A small man-made spring fed pon
Page 37 and 38: 36 Delwiche - Sand Hill Pineries &
Page 39 and 40: COLEEN FEUCHT COLEEN FEUCHT JERRY V
Page 41 and 42: • Near the Green Bay shoreline, s
Page 43 and 44: 42 Renard Swamp
Page 45 and 46: Renard Swamp ALL PHOTOS BY COLEEN F
Page 47 and 48: A description of Foscoro was writte
Page 49 and 50: 48 Stony Creek Wetlands Complex
Page 52 and 53: BRUSSELS HILL / KAYES CREEK GARDNER
Page 54 and 55: Kayes Creek Kayes Creek, located wi
Page 56 and 57: ROAD WHITE ROAD Door County ROAD RO
Page 58 and 59: HUNGRY SETTLEMENT MARSH LOCATION: H
Page 60 and 61: W A U P E E 42 ROCK RIDGE Y-INN RD.
Page 62 and 63: SOUTHERN LAKE MICHIGAN SHORELINE LO
Page 66 and 67: • The wettest portion of the fen
Page 68 and 69: CONSERVATION GOALS: • Protect the
Page 70 and 71: e or DRIVE ement OT ROAD EWOOD BLUF
Page 72 and 73: SAWYER HARBOR / LOST CREEK & LARSON
Page 74 and 75: Larson Creek Watershed Larson Creek
Page 76 and 77: RD. N. BAY KLUTH RD. POPLAR LANE EL
Page 78 and 79: WEST BRANCH WHITEFISH BAY CREEK COR
Page 80 and 81: CONSERVATION GOALS: • Enhance and
Page 82 and 83: WILLOW COURT RD. G G BOTTOM ROAD OA
Page 84 and 85: BAY SHORE BLUFF LANDS LOCATION: The
Page 86 and 87: • Below the escarpment are severa
Page 88 and 89: CONSERVATION GOALS: • Maintain or
Page 90 and 91: Door County GARDNER WEST N NASEWAUP
Page 92 and 93: LOGAN CREEK / LOST LAKE CORRIDOR LO
Page 94 and 95: • The northern shore of Lost Lake
Page 96: OAK ROAD ROAD HILLSIDE WILLOW COURT
Page 99 and 100: Presettlement ecological processes
Page 101 and 102: • Vegetation in the basin is pred
Page 103 and 104: • The stream is annually stocked
Page 105 and 106: The site boundaries include some of
Page 107 and 108: • Agricultural practices includin
Page 109 and 110: MIKE GRIMM STEVE KELLERMAN
Page 111 and 112: NOTEWORTHY CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL
Page 113 and 114: • Sometime prior to 1950, County
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MINK RIVER / ROWLEY’S BAY SYSTEM
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commercial fishermen. Seventeen spe
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THREATS: • As the quality of the
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GRASSE ROAD HIGH E OD LA. ROAD Door
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SITE FEATURES: Europe Lake Forest A
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Europe Lake Forest Area ALL PHOTOS
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Inventories of plants and animals c
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• Federally threatened dwarf lake
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132 edentula) occurs on Washington
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Detroit Island Detroit Island is 2.
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• Rock Island has excellent quali
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• Deer herbivory is widespread (J
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Horseshoe Island Horseshoe Island,
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Hog Island Hog Island is a small, l
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144 Grand Traverse Islands
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D. ISLE ROAD VIEW ROAD 2000 0 N 200
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Holand, H. 1925. Old Peninsula Days
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152
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environmentally sensitive area Comm
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On the Pacific coast of North Ameri
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160 The Natural Heritage Inventory
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Rare Species & Natural Communities
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170 Appendix B - Door County’s Ra
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Bedrock Shore Wave-splashed bedrock
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Great Lakes Dune (formerly called L
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Northern Mesic Forest This forest c
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Springs and spring runs; hard. Spri
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Recognizing qualitative differences
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The State Natural Areas Program cel
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184 Peninsula Park Beech Forest Sta
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186 Toft Point State Natural Area D
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188 Whitefish Dunes State Natural A
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190 Coffee Swamp State Natural Area
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192 Rock Island Woods State Natural
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194 North Bay State Natural Area De
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196
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The Ridges Sanctuary P.O. Box 152 8
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Wisconsin Department of Natural Res
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202 Reader’s Notes
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