Guide to Significant Wildlife Habitat - Door County Web Map

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DELWICHE – SAND HILL PINERIES & FABRY CREEK COMPLEX LOCATION: Delwiche-Sand Hill Pineries & Fabry Creek Complex covers approximately 930 acres in southwestern Door County (T25N, R23E) in the Town of Union. As this report represents general areas of concern, exact locations of boundary lines have not been designated. GENERAL SITE DESCRIPTION: The forest cover of this site ranges from dry xeric on top of the escarpment to wet-mesic across the west-facing slope near Highway 57. This area is known for its large diameter native red pine (Pinus resinosa) and white pine (Pinus strobs) trees. Fabry Creek, a 3.7-mile long stream runs through this complex. The western edge of the Niagara Escarpment can be seen as ridges or small bluffs in the interior portion of the Pinery. A major wildlife corridor runs north and south paralleling the edge of the wooded bluff (Lukes 2001). The Union community has been working to develop a local zoning ordinance. The town board has been gathering information, conducting community surveys and holding public meetings to help define a workable ordinance. Adoption of an ordinance is anticipated in 2003. State-mandated zoning applies to land use along shorelines and navigable streams. ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Several features of the Delwiche-Sand Hill Pineries & Fabry Creek Complex make this area ecologically significant, including the presence of dry xeric forests (which are relatively uncommon in Door County), large diameter native red pine and white pine, the Niagara Escarpment, and Fabry Creek. The south forty of Delwiche Woods contains one of the most pristine stands of native trees and shrubs in eastern Wisconsin (Lukes 2001). The pinery thrives along the top western edge of the Niagara Escarpment with stands of predominantly white pines and red pines of at least 100 years old. This parcel has been enrolled in the Managed Forest Law Program since the mid 1990's and only recently has timber been selectively harvested. As far as the owners can tell, up until this time, the forest has not been logged since the Peshtigo Fire of October 1871. The pinery remains a good example of uninterrupted succession over the past 125 years. NOTEWORTHY CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL FEATURES: Belgian immigrants were attracted to this area of the county between 1853 and 1857 from their homes, primarily in the south central provinces of Brabant, Hanant and Namur. Extensive mixed forests provided logs for the first structures erected by the Belgians. Few of these buildings exist today. Most were leveled in early October 1871 by extensive and intense fires (exactly contemporaneous with, but unrelated to, the Great Chicago Fire), which destroyed buildings, crops, livestock, timber and took more than 200 lives. The fire partially cleared thousands of acres, and land was thus more readily available for farming (Laatsch and Calkins 1992). SITE FEATURES: Delwiche – Sand Hill Pineries Area • The complex is predominantly natural forest area, intermixed with cropland, pasture and selectively logged woodlots. Delwiche - Sand Hill Pineries & Fabry Creek Complex 33
• A small man-made spring fed pond located at the interior portion of the woods supports a diversity of aquatic plant and animal life, including amphibians and waterfowl. • Soils are deep, well drained to moderately well drained, and gently sloping to sloping. A fine sand or sandy loam subsoil overlays sand or sand and gravel outwash, and very poorly drained nearly level organic soils (USDA SCS 1978). • Large white and red pine dominate the xeric forest. Other tree species include pin oak (Quercus ellipsoidalis), northern red oak (Quarcus rubra), white oak (Quarcus alba), bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis), butternut (Juglans cinerea), shagbark hickory (Carya ovata), blue beech (Carpinus caroliniana), sugar maple (Acer saccharum), American beech (Fagus grandifolia), red maple (Acer rubrum), ironwood (Ostraya virginiana), Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), large-toothed aspen (Populus grandidentata), paper birch (Betula papyrifera), white cedar (Thuja occidentalis), and wild black cherry (Prunus serotina). • Common shrubs include red-berried elder (Sambucus pubens), choke cherry (Prunus virginiana), witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera), round-leaved dogwood (Cornus rugosa), maple-leaf viburnum (Viburnum acerifolium), nannyberry viburnum (Viburnum lentago), and blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) Wildflowers are commonly found blooming in the spring. Door County’s official wildflower, the large yellow lady’s–slipper orchid (Cypripedium pubescens), is among them (Lukes 2001). • Wildlife include typical species of this region such as white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), songbirds, red and gray squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus and Sciurus carolinensis), eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), raccoon (Procyon lotor), and striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) (Lukes 2001). • Delwiche Pinery is an unusual forest type in Door County and therefore has high aesthetic value. The pine forest is associated with the Southern Door County Pineries and the western edge of the Niagara Escarpment. Delwiche Woods still exists because of the land stewardship approach of the Roy Delwiche family. Fabry Creek Fabry Creek is a 3.7-mile long high gradient stream with approximately 2.7 miles of the stream within Door County. Headwaters originate mainly in a wooded wetland, and the stream empties into Green Bay. • The surrounding land use is mainly mid-successional wooded and agricultural areas. • Soils are of Rousseau-Kiva-Markey association, similar to Delwiche Pinery (USDA SCS 1978). • Fabry Creek is a high gradient stream with a fair ranking supporting a limited community of forage fish and aquatic life (Corbisier 2000). 34 Delwiche - Sand Hill Pineries & Fabry Creek Complex
Page 2 and 3: Cover Photographs Top: Dwarf Lake I
Page 4 and 5: Illustrations © 1997 Chris Baird,
Page 6 and 7: This volume indicates that Door Cou
Page 8 and 9: 6 — Acknowledgement — This publ
Page 11: — Table of Contents — Foreword
Page 14 and 15: As notable as the county is as a si
Page 17 and 18: A (very) Short Course in Ecology &
Page 19: Obviously, these are broad concepts
Page 22: 20 Site Index Wildlife Habitat & Na
Page 25 and 26: SITE FEATURES: Ahnapee River Corrid
Page 27 and 28: 26 Ahnapee River Corridor
Page 29 and 30: Ahnapee River Corridor ALL PHOTOS B
Page 31 and 32: • Dominant tree species of this f
Page 33: Black Ash Swamp ALL PHOTOS BY PAT R
Page 37 and 38: 36 Delwiche - Sand Hill Pineries &
Page 39 and 40: COLEEN FEUCHT COLEEN FEUCHT JERRY V
Page 41 and 42: • Near the Green Bay shoreline, s
Page 43 and 44: 42 Renard Swamp
Page 45 and 46: Renard Swamp ALL PHOTOS BY COLEEN F
Page 47 and 48: A description of Foscoro was writte
Page 49 and 50: 48 Stony Creek Wetlands Complex
Page 52 and 53: BRUSSELS HILL / KAYES CREEK GARDNER
Page 54 and 55: Kayes Creek Kayes Creek, located wi
Page 56 and 57: ROAD WHITE ROAD Door County ROAD RO
Page 58 and 59: HUNGRY SETTLEMENT MARSH LOCATION: H
Page 60 and 61: W A U P E E 42 ROCK RIDGE Y-INN RD.
Page 62 and 63: SOUTHERN LAKE MICHIGAN SHORELINE LO
Page 64 and 65: • One important soil characterist
Page 66 and 67: • The wettest portion of the fen
Page 68 and 69: CONSERVATION GOALS: • Protect the
Page 70 and 71: e or DRIVE ement OT ROAD EWOOD BLUF
Page 72 and 73: SAWYER HARBOR / LOST CREEK & LARSON
Page 74 and 75: Larson Creek Watershed Larson Creek
Page 76 and 77: RD. N. BAY KLUTH RD. POPLAR LANE EL
Page 78 and 79: WEST BRANCH WHITEFISH BAY CREEK COR
Page 80 and 81: CONSERVATION GOALS: • Enhance and
Page 82 and 83: WILLOW COURT RD. G G BOTTOM ROAD OA
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BAY SHORE BLUFF LANDS LOCATION: The
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• Below the escarpment are severa
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CONSERVATION GOALS: • Maintain or
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Door County GARDNER WEST N NASEWAUP
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LOGAN CREEK / LOST LAKE CORRIDOR LO
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• The northern shore of Lost Lake
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OAK ROAD ROAD HILLSIDE WILLOW COURT
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Presettlement ecological processes
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• Vegetation in the basin is pred
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• The stream is annually stocked
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The site boundaries include some of
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• Agricultural practices includin
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MIKE GRIMM STEVE KELLERMAN
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NOTEWORTHY CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL
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• Sometime prior to 1950, County
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MINK RIVER / ROWLEY’S BAY SYSTEM
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commercial fishermen. Seventeen spe
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THREATS: • As the quality of the
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GRASSE ROAD HIGH E OD LA. ROAD Door
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SITE FEATURES: Europe Lake Forest A
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Europe Lake Forest Area ALL PHOTOS
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Inventories of plants and animals c
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• Federally threatened dwarf lake
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132 edentula) occurs on Washington
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Detroit Island Detroit Island is 2.
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• Rock Island has excellent quali
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• Deer herbivory is widespread (J
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Horseshoe Island Horseshoe Island,
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Hog Island Hog Island is a small, l
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144 Grand Traverse Islands
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D. ISLE ROAD VIEW ROAD 2000 0 N 200
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Holand, H. 1925. Old Peninsula Days
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152
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environmentally sensitive area Comm
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On the Pacific coast of North Ameri
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158
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160 The Natural Heritage Inventory
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Rare Species & Natural Communities
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170 Appendix B - Door County’s Ra
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Bedrock Shore Wave-splashed bedrock
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Great Lakes Dune (formerly called L
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Northern Mesic Forest This forest c
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Springs and spring runs; hard. Spri
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Recognizing qualitative differences
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The State Natural Areas Program cel
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184 Peninsula Park Beech Forest Sta
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186 Toft Point State Natural Area D
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188 Whitefish Dunes State Natural A
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190 Coffee Swamp State Natural Area
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192 Rock Island Woods State Natural
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194 North Bay State Natural Area De
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196
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The Ridges Sanctuary P.O. Box 152 8
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Wisconsin Department of Natural Res
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202 Reader’s Notes
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