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significant in this research work is the acknowledgement ofthe unhealthy trade relations that
have long favoured the developed at the expense ofdeveloping countries due to the relatively
cheaper unprocessed exports compared to their comparatively more expensive processed
imports. This study therefore advocates for the processing ofall potential raw materials in the
study area before export to create a favourable trade balance in the economy of places such as
Ulundi.
3.3.7 The Millennium Development Goals
The beginning ofthe new Millennium (the Year 2000), marked a time ofglobal introspection
to proactively engage the world on the agenda of development [Refer to Table 3.1]. The
United Nations organized the Millennium Summit in New York, in September 2000 to
address the on-going quality oflife issues ofdeveloping countries.
Table 3.1: Summary ofthe Millennium Development Goals and their targets
Millennium Development Goals I Millennium Development targets
I. Eradicate extreme poverty and I. and 2. Between 1990 and 2015; halve the proportion of
hunger people: with less than US$I a day.
2. Achieve universal primary 3. By 2015, all boys and girls to complete the full course of
education i primary school.
3. Promote gender equality and i 4. Eliminate gender disparity up to secondary educatIOn,
I empower women I preferably by 2005, and to all levels no later than 2015.
4. Reduce child mortality I 5. 1990-2015; reduce by two-thirds the under-five mortality
irate.
5. Improve maternal health ; 6. 1990-2015; reduce three-quarters the maternal mortalitv
I •
I ratio.
16. Combat HIV/aids. malaria and i 7. and S. By 2015. halt and begin to reverse; the spread of
i other diseases i Aids; the incidence ofmalaria and other major diseases.
7. Ensure environmental i 9. to 11. Integrate principles of sustainable development into'
sustainability ! policies by 2015. Halve number of people without water and ;
I
, i sanitation; Improve lives of 100 million slum dwellers by !
I i 2020.
Is. Develop a global partnership for i 12 to IS. Just trading and finance; have debt control; Have
I development ! youth strategies in place; Provide affordable drugs; benefits to
i new technologies, .
Source: Brett et aI., (2005): Geography for all, 11 learner's book, Geography outcome-based
NCS edition. Braamfontein: Macmillan S.A (Ply) Ltd. 226
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