Book of Abstract (incl. addendum) - IFSA symposium 2012

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Workshop 3.1 Farming Systems’ adaptation to climate change farming systems (reducing soil erosion, improving water infiltration, reducing evaporation and improving soil structure, control of N-dynamics) are developed and tested by means of an action research approach. Soil conservation techniques for climate change adaptation among arable crop farmers in southwest Nigeria O.E. Fapojuwo, J.E. Olawoye and E. Fabusoro University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria Obabirekemi@yahoo.com Agriculture places a heavy burden on the land and environment in the process of providing food for man, and climate factors in agricultural production is having its toll on soil fertility in rural Nigeria. The study explored farmers’ awareness and practice on soil conservation techniques for climate change adaptation in southwest Nigeria. In the event of reducing yield, flooding and increasing soil temperature, farmers have resorted to adaptive strategies to reduce the effect of climate change. A sample 102 arable crop farmers producing major staple food, were selected and interviewed. Majority (81.4 %) of the sample is male and 54.9 % fell within the age category of 31-50 years. Over half (80.6 %) of the farmers had formal education. Also, 60.8% of the farmers cultivated about 1-3 ha of land and had about 10years of farming experience. The common climate adaptation strategies among the farmers were mulching, green and farmyard manuring, cover crops and mixed cropping, which have direct effect on soil nutrient. Other strategies to mitigate the effect of flooding such as terracing and contouring were used seldomly. Farmers’ opinion towards climate adaptation strategies is that no significant yield increase was achieved and the techniques were not cost-effective. Also, the techniques require technical know-how, which they lacked. Major constraints to farmers’ use of the climate adaptation strategies were pressure on land, lack of knowledge on soil conservation techniques, inadequate information and education on use of soil conservation techniques and insecure land tenure system. Significant relationship (p
Workshop 3.1 Farming Systems’ adaptation to climate change (types of grass and associated area and usage), and feeding diet along a 12 month cycle in a given economic and climatic scenarios. The generation and evaluation of each configuration are done collectively in a participatory workshop and exploit a simple balance model. A diversity of use is permitted by this game depending on the matter being discussed. The paper describes its use in the design of dairy systems adapted to climate variability and change expected by 2050. From our experience with the forage rummy, we synthesise lessons about key factors enhancing participation, focus and depth of discussion, and learning about the relevance of potential farming systems adaptations. Development of Agricultural Innovations in Organic Agriculture to adapt to Climate Change – Results from a Transdisciplinary R&D Project in North- Eastern Germany Sonja Siart, Andrea Knierim, Ralf Bloch and Johann Bachinger Leibnitz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Germany Sonja.Siart@zalf.de Based on concepts for innovation processes and co-production of knowledge, approaches are searched to address the urgent and complex problems related to climate change, where especially the participation of and close collaboration with practice partners is claimed. The paper presents the agricultural knowledge management approach in the module on organic agriculture in the R&D project INKA BB (Innovation Network for Climate Change Adaptation Brandenburg Berlin) in north-eastern Germany (Knierim et al. 2009). The methodology for the science-practice collaboration follows an action research approach that supports the communication and cooperation of researchers and practitioners. The framework is the action research cycle with the iterative stages of planning, action and reflection. The module on organic agriculture, where individual research questions are addressed on several farms, will be presented as a good practice example for close transdisciplinary network cooperation. The workshop contribution will provide insights in and reflections on the process of innovation development over two project years. Farming Systems within Protected Areas and dealing with drought and elephant invasion: Climate change challenges in Limpopo National Park, Mozambique Nicia Givá and Nadarajah Sriskandarajah Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden Ngiva@uem.mz Drought and elephants are interconnected factors that determine food security in the Limpopo National Park (LNP) Multiple Use Zone (MUZ) communities. About 30.000 people inhabit the so called MUZ relying on rain fed agriculture for their livelihoods. The low and unpredictable rainfall pattern (320 to 450 mm year-1) under semi arid conditions, coupled with low input technology shape the main farming systems. Cropping in different locations, seeding at every rainfall event regardless of the season, mixed crops to ensure crop diversity and reduce crop failure risk are some of the adaptive strategies of MUZ communities to cope with recurrent drought events. The effectiveness of all the adopted strategies is further challenged by elephant invasion in the park setting, with consequent crop damage. This paper assesses how MUZ communities respond to drought and elephant pressure to overcome food insecurity. Participant observation, in-depth and semi-structured interviews, participatory mapping and a survey with 106 households were used to gather qualitative and quantitative data on socio-economic and seasonal livelihoods variations, between February 2008 and July 2009. Results show a positive relationship between droughts and crop damaged by elephants. The number of elephant raids increases with intensity and severity of drought, up to five or more invasions per cropped area. As a 55
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Book of Abstract (incl. addendum) - IFSA symposium 2012

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