Book of Abstract (incl. addendum) - IFSA symposium 2012

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Workshop 2.2 Comparing the impacts of neoliberal and highly regulated approaches to agriculture on the balance between business, environmental and social objective instability. It makes clear how the drive by capitalist enterprise to expand the accumulation of capital from agricultural activities exacerbates an inherent tendency toward environmental damage and the inherent ecological instability of agriculture. And it suggests that the task of making agriculture and the food system ecologically sustainable is far more problematic than generally recognized. The Japanese farmers’ dilemma: Should pro-liberalization policies lead to structural transformation of the Japan Agricultural cooperative? Eniola Fabusoro, Makoto Maruyama and O.E. Fapojuwo Federal University of Agriculture, Nigeria Efabusoro@gmail.com Agriculture in Japan has witnessed consistent policy protection and support since the end of World II. The protectionist policy gave fairer trade and subsidy treatment to Japanese farmers than their counterparts in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The policy also created trade barriers in the Asia-Pacific region, placing very high tariffs on certain agricultural products such as rice and milk. However, since the changes in political dynamics in Japan in 1995, there has been a shift towards liberalization in the agricultural sector. This has implications for the structural transformation of Japan Agricultural cooperative (JA) whose role in political and trade negotiations sustained the protectionist policy. JA’s financial and trade businesses also enjoyed overwhelming support and protection from the government for about five decades. The policy changes also brought to the fore the need for agricultural competitiveness in the Asia Pacific and the need for Japan to join the discussion forum for the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP). Japanese farmers are now left in a dilemma of retaining their inefficient, small scale production system or accepting the need for structural transformation of JA and facing the challenges of trade agreements. This paper examines this dilemma. Data for the study were collected through desk review and field level survey among the 2,914 regular and associate members of JA Oguni-go in Aso County, Kumamoto Prefecture, Southern Japan. The field survey involved responses of 91 farmers to a questionnaire, personalized interviews with 22 farmers and four JA/city officials and 12 focus groups representing each commodity group. The localization of the JA system could create competitiveness among local communities and the existing market network and the organizational strength of JA can also be utilized to overcome the dilemma and perform efficiently in the face of the changing policy. 40
Workshop 2.3 Systems thinking and practice in rural innovation: advances in concept, methodologies and interventions Convenors: Cees Leeuwis, Alex Koutsouris, Laurens Klerkx, Annemarie van Paassen and Barbara van Mierlo Systems thinking has become pervasive in the scientific and policy discourse on agricultural innovation, but concepts such as innovation systems and system innovation are still in full development. This workshop aims to stimulate critical reflection on the concepts and their applications. It aims to unravel the different interpretations of innovation systems and systems innovation thinking, and different operationalizations (in terms of research methodologies and interventions), and attempts work towards to a more unified perspective. Knowledge networking among actors of Rahad Agriculture Scheme, Eastern Sudan Omer Tyseer Elhadi and Hermann Boland Giessen Agriculture University, Germany Otyseer@yahoo.com Establishment of Rahad Agriculture Scheme in Eastern Sudan since the1970s could represent a situation of agricultural innovation system where a set of different actors are involved to achieve a certain aim from the innovation. Research, extension, investment, and marketing institutions, as well as agro pastoral farmers have been networking to provide better livelihoods within the irrigated scheme area. Functioning of Rahad Agriculture Scheme has been an inspiring research question for my thesis study. The investigation does with the question, how knowledge on farming has been networked among actors of the scheme so as to facilitate innovations process within Rahad scheme area. System thinking was suggested as a methodology to search knowledge networking among actors in Rahad. Accordingly, Relaxed Appraisal for Agriculture Knowledge System (RAAKS) was conducted to identify roles and objectives of relevant actors in Rahad. It was used to define knowledge sharing among actors, and finally RAAKS is to be used to suggest future strategies to improve knowledge networking among actors of Rahad Agriculture Scheme. A RAAKS team was formed and one day orientation workshop on RAAKS methodology was implemented. Performance and communication among actors within the scheme were analyzed with 15 relevant actors using individual interviews and brain storming session. Individual interviews and group discussions were used to understand farmers’ communication with the rest of actors within Rahad scheme. Direction of analyzed results is to understand strong connections and weak connections among actors of Rahad Agriculture Scheme. It is also to suggest ideas of how weakened communication networks can be strengthened. Finally, a methodology to improve performance of Rahad Agriculture Scheme can be worked out. Water for the Desert: Participation And Integrated Water Resources Management for Rainfed Agriculture, A Case Study of The Rainfed Desert Region of Matruh, Egypt Nastassja Hoffet, Ibrahim Daoud, Véronique Alary, Jean-Francois Tourrand and Mona Abdel Zaher London School of Economics, UK Nastassja.Hoffet@gmail.com Water resources are under threat from complex social, economic and environmental interactions. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is widely advocated throughout the literature (Pahl- Wolst et al., 2007; Saravanan et al., 2009) to cope with the complexity of adaptive capacity for 41
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Book of Abstract (incl. addendum) - IFSA symposium 2012

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