structural geology, propagation mechanics and - Stanford School of ...

Table of Contents
Abstract..............................................................................................................................iv
Acknowledgements............................................................................................................v
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................vii
List of Tables.....................................................................................................................ix
List of Illustrations.............................................................................................................x
Introduction........................................................................................................................1
Chapter 1—Structural geology and tectonic interpretation of compaction bands
in the Aztec sandstone of southeastern Nevada............................................9
1. Abstract......................................................................................................................9
2. Introduction..............................................................................................................10
3. Setting and history of study area..............................................................................11
3.1. Deposition.......................................................................................................11
3.2. Diagenesis.......................................................................................................15
3.3. Deformation....................................................................................................16
4. Structural geology of compaction bands..................................................................19
4.1. Thin-section to outcrop scale..........................................................................19
4.2. Anticrack model..............................................................................................22
4.3. Outcrop to regional scale................................................................................22
5. Compaction band orientations.................................................................................24
6. Tectonic interpretation.............................................................................................28
6.1. Temporal, spatial and material constraints.....................................................28
6.2. Paleostress analysis.........................................................................................31
6.3. Geomechanical implications...........................................................................33
7. Concluding observations..........................................................................................37
9. Acknowledgements..................................................................................................38
Chapter 2—Anticrack-inclusion model for compaction bands in sandstone................39
1. Abstract....................................................................................................................39
2. Introduction..............................................................................................................39
3. Methods....................................................................................................................42
4. Field and petrographic analysis...............................................................................44
4.1. Geological setting and paleostress state..........................................................44
4.2. Outcrop analysis..............................................................................................46
4.3. Petrographic analysis......................................................................................50
5. Anticrack-inclusion conceptual model....................................................................57
6. Elastic properties......................................................................................................60
7. Mechanical analysis.................................................................................................61
7.1. Embedded layer model...................................................................................61
7.2. Eshelby inclusion model.................................................................................64
7.3. Anticrack model..............................................................................................67
8. Discussion................................................................................................................71
9. Acknowledgements..................................................................................................74
vii