TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 20 - Center for ...

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I-20 Gasoline (continued) Global Goals Gasoline Prices for Selected Countries, 1990 and 1998 ....................... . . 5-3 Prices for a Barrel of Crude Oil and a Gallon of Gasoline, 1978-99 .............. . . 5-6 Numerical Estimates of Global Warming Potentials Compared With Carbon Dioxide . . 3-8 U.S. Advanced Battery Consortium Goals for Electric Vehicle Batteries .......... . 9-10 PNGV Goals and Specifications of Hybrid-Electric Vehicles ................... . 9-11 Government Federal Government Vehicles by Agency, Fiscal Year 1997 ...................... 10-6 Fuel Consumed by Federal Government Fleets, FY 1997 ......................... 10-7 Greenhouse Gross NEAR-TERM Technology: Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Changes of Alternative Transportation Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies ......... 3-l 1 LONG-TERM Technology: Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Changes of Alternative Transportation Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies ......... 3-12 International Man-Made Emissions of Greenhouse Gases, 1990-97 .................. 3-2 Estimated U.S. Emissions of Greenhouse Gases, 1990-98 ......................... 3-5 LONG-TERM Technology: Fuel-Cycle Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Changes of Alternative Transportation Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies ......... 4-l 9 Refinery Gross Output by World Region, 1999 ................................. l-9 New Retail Truck Sales by Gross Vehicle Weight, 1970-98 ........................ 8-3 Truck Statistics by Gross Vehicle Weight Class, 1997 ............................ 8-5 Growth Growth of Freight Activity in the United States: Comparison of the 1997 and 1993 Commodity Flow Surveys .............................................. 8- 12 Guzzler The Gas Guzzler Tax on New Cars .......................................... 7-20 Guzzlers GVW Heavy Tax Receipts from the Sale of Gas Guzzlers, 1980-98 ........................... 7-l 9 New Retail Sales of Trucks 10,000 pounds GVW and Less in the United States, 1970-98 ........................................ ..1.................. 7-5 Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light Heavy Trucks ................................................... 4-3 8 TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 20-2000
Heavy (continued) Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Heavy Heavy Trucks .................................................. 4-39 Estimates of Heavy Alternative Fuel Vehicles, 1996, 1998, and 2000 ................ 9-5 Highway Highway Usage of Gasoline and Special Fuels, 1973-98 .......................... 2-9 . Emissions of Particulate Matter (PM-lo) from Highway Vehicles, 1970-98 .......... 4-10 Emissions of Particulate Matter (PM-2.5) from Highway Vehicles, 1990-98 .......... 4-12 Emissions of Carbon Monoxide from Highway Vehicles, 1970-98 .................. 4-4 Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides from Highway Vehicles, 1970-98 .................... 4-6 Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from Highway Vehicles, 1970-98 ......... 4-8 Highway Vehicle Miles Traveled by Vehicle Type, 1970-98 ....................... 6-7 Highway Driving Cycle ................................................... 7-26 Household Average Annual Miles per Vehicle by Household Vehicle Ownership, 1995 NPTS .... 1 1 - 12 Average Age of Vehicles by Household Vehicle Ownership, 1995 NPTS ........... 1 l-12 Average Annual Miles per Household Vehicle by Vehicle Age ................... 1 l-l 3 Long-Distance Household Trips by Mode and Trip Distance, 1995 ................ 1 l-19 Shares of Long-Distance Person Trips by Mode and Household Income, 1995 ....... 1 l-20 Household Vehicle Ownership, 1960-90 Census ............................... 1 l-4 Average Annual Vehicle-Miles, Vehicle Trips and Trip Length per Household ....... 1 l-6 Average Annual Person-Miles Traveled (PMT), Person Trips and Trip Length per Household by Selected Trip Purposes ..................................... 1 l-7 Average Number of Vehicles and Vehicle Travel per Household, 1990 and Households Hybrid Import 1995NPTS .......................................................... 11-8 Average Annual Expenditures of Households by Income, 1998 .................... 1 l-3 PNGV Goals and Specifications of Hybrid-Electric Vehicles ...................... 9-l 1 Sales-Weighted Engine Size of New Domestic and Import Light Trucks by Size Class, Sales Periods 1976-99 ................................................. 7-l 0 Sales-Weighted Curb Weight of New Domestic and Import Automobiles by Size Class, Sales Periods 1976-99 ................................................. 7- 11 Sales-Weighted Interior Space of New Domestic and Import Automobiles by Size Class, Sales Periods 1976-99 ................................................. 7-12 Engine Size, Curb Weight, and Interior Space of New Domestic and Import Automobiles, 1976-99 ................................................. 7-l 3 TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDIRON 20-2000 I-21
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Center for Transportation Analysis
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ........
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Table 3.5 Table 3.6 Table 3.7 Table
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Table 5.5 Table 5.6 Table 5.7 Table
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Table
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Table
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of them. FOREWORD This edition has
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ABSTRACT The Transportation Energy
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Source Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Chapter
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Table 1.2 World Crude Oil Productio
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I The UnitedStates has increased it
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I The share ofpetroleum imported to
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100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 IO 0 No
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I When crude oil and other hydrocar
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TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDATABOOK: EDITI
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Table 1.11 Transportation of Petrol
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1989 World total 134.66 136.35 135.
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2-4 I Total energy use in the U.S.
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2-6 I As duta about alternative jil
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The Federal Highway Administration
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Q) k s e b Y u IOO- 90 - 80 - 70 -
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2-12 Table 2.10 U.S. Production and
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Great care should be taken when com
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I Great care should be taken when c
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Source Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emi
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1990 (million metric tonnes) Austra
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Table 3.4 Estimated U.S. Emissions
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Fuel Motor gasoline LPG” Jet fuel
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The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
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Table 3.8 NEAR-TERM Technology Cfor
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Table 3.9 (continued) LONG-TERM Tec
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Source Chapter 4 Criteria Pollutant
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I The transportation sector account
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The transportation sector accounted
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I Historically the transportation s
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The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
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Table 4.14 NEAR-TERM Technology Cfo
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Table 4.15 LONG-TERM Technology Gfo
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Table 4.15 (continued) LONG-TERM Te
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Table 4.18 Federal Exhaust Emission
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Table 4.20 Federal Exhaust Emission
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2 2 % 0” z Table 4.22 Federal Exh
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Gasoline Hydrocarbons (HC) Nitrogen
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I Califknia’s Low-Emission Vehicl
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Source Figure 5.1 Table 5.4 Table 5
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Figure 5.1. Gasoline Prices for Sel
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- I . I . I . I I Figure 5.2. Diese
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Year Current Diesel fuel a Constant
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Table 5.6 State Taxes on Motor Fuel
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As of January 2000, only five state
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I In current dollars, import cars,
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I The total cost of operating an au
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Year 1970 1980 1990 1997 1998 1970
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Employees of motor vehicle and rela
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Source Table 6.1 Table 6.2 Table 6.
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Year China India Japan France 1950
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1970 1971 1972 E 1973 2 1974 4 1975
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Table 6.5 Highway Vehicle Miles Tra
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Table 6.7 Trucks in Operation and V
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I Using current registration data a
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I Using current registration data a
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Source Chapter 7 Light Vehicles and
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The Federal Highway Administration
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Table 7.4 New Retail Sales of Truck
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Table 7.6 Period Sales, Market Shar
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Table 7.8 Sales-Weighted Engine Siz
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Sales period” 1976 1977 1978 1979
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0.8 F 0 0.6 u' 2 s = 0.4 0.2 Figure
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I The average auto lost over 300pou
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I The number of conventional refuel
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Table 7.17 Corporate Average Fuel E
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Fuel Economy by Vehicle Speed ORNL
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I The two earlier studies by the Fe
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Speed (mph) 1988 1993 Chevrolet Sub
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I The New York Test Cycle was devel
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Table 7.23 Occupant Fatalities by V
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B0 P I In 1998, nearly 40% of all p
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Source Table 8.1 Table 8.1 Table 8.
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Table 8.2 New Retail Truck Sales by
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I These tables illustrate the diffe
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Trucks Trucks (%) Miles per truck T
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I Nearly 1 GO% of all truckfleets u
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Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
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Some,freight activities, such as pi
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Chapter 9 Alternative Fuel Vehicles
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I There are more LPG vehicles in us
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Table 9.3 Estimates of Heavy Altern
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This list includes public and priva
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Figure 9.1 Map of Clean Cities as o
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The Partnership for a New Generatio
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. mm . . . SigniJicant changes have
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1 o-4 ama . . . .I . I TheseJleet d
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1 O-G @Ea6Ll I VW . . I Department
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10-8 I The Energy Policy Act of 199
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. D. Year 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970
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11-4 I Household vehicle ownership
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1 l-6 e. . The 1995 NPTS data shoul
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11-8 El . . TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDAT
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oooz-02 NOI.I>Ia~ :>I008 VLVa A!X%N
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11-12 I As households owned more ve
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11-14 a. . I In 1995 the average jo
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11-16 I3 . . Table 11.14 National a
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. D. Principal means of transportat
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. D. 90- IO- O- Figure 11.5. Shares
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Table 12.1 Summary Statistics for U
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124 In the early seventies, domesti
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Fifty-six percent of all domestic m
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Table 12.7 Summary’Statistics for
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12-10 The number of trailers and co
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Table 12.11 Summary Statistics for
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A-2 AAMA APTA Amtrak Btu DOC DOE DO
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A-4 Trucks Off-Highway Nonhighwav A
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A-6 Rail Total: Sum of freight and
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A-8 Buses Trucks Sum of transit, in
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A-10 Pipeline Rail Recreational Boa
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A-12 Highway Automobiles Personal T
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A-14 Nonhighway Air Recreational Bo
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A-16 Pipeline Rail Natural Gas: Ton
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A-18 Light Trucks Buses Vmt - DOT,
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A-20 Highway Table 2.14 Energy Inte
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A-22 Trucks Stock - Vehicles in use
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A-24 Energy Use Transit buses: Amer
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B-2 Automotive gasoline Diesel moto
Page 276 and 277: B-4 Table B.3 Energy Unit Conversio
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Page 280 and 281: FROM Pound Kilogram Pound 1 0.4536
Page 282 and 283: B-10 One million million millionth
Page 284 and 285: B-12 Conversion of Constant Dollar
Page 286 and 287: Table B.14 Gross National Product (
Page 288 and 289: c-2 Table C.l Census Divisions and
Page 291 and 292: GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
Page 293 and 294: Bunker - A storage tank. Bunkering
Page 295 and 296: separating facilities. Crude oil pr
Page 297 and 298: General aviation - That portion of
Page 299 and 300: Lease Condensate - A liquid recover
Page 301 and 302: Oil Stocks - Oil stocks include cru
Page 303 and 304: Petroleum inventories: The amounts
Page 305 and 306: Single unit truck - Includes two-ax
Page 307 and 308: TITLE INDEX TRANSPORTATION ENERGY D
Page 309 and 310: Alternative (continued) NEAR-TERM T
Page 311 and 312: Aviation Axle Barrel Summary Statis
Page 313 and 314: Certification (continued) Cities Ci
Page 315 and 316: Corporate Corporate Average Fuel Ec
Page 317 and 318: Dioxide International Man-Made Emis
Page 319 and 320: Emission (continued) LONG-TERM Tech
Page 321 and 322: Engine Sales-Weighted Engine Size o
Page 323 and 324: Fleet Fleet Vehicles in Service as
Page 325: Fuels (continued) Gallon Gas Gases
Page 329 and 330: International Summary Statistics fo
Page 331 and 332: Material Matter Average Material Co
Page 333 and 334: Nitrogen Total National Emissions o
Page 335 and 336: Percentage (continued) Periods Pers
Page 337 and 338: Prices CrudeOilPrices,1870-98 . . .
Page 339 and 340: Retail (continued) New Retail Sales
Page 341 and 342: Shares Shares of Long-Distance Pers
Page 343 and 344: s toc1< s toc1
Page 345 and 346: Time Tire Ton Average Length of Tim
Page 347 and 348: Trucks (continued) Unit Federal Exh
Page 349 and 350: Vehicle (continued) Employees of Mo
Page 351: Work World Journey-to-Work Statisti
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