chapter-i - revenue and disaster management department, haryana

GAZETTEER OF INDIA
HARYANA
BHIWANI

I-IAR' A DISTRICT GAZETTEERS
.BHIWANI
HARYANA GAZETIEERS ORGANISATION
REVENUE DEPARTMENT
CHANDIGARH (India)
1912
SUNIL AHUJA. lAS,
State Editor (Gazetteers)
"B.RAJ BAJN
Editor

Tile 'outroll 'f, Printing a.nd Stationery,
HaryaOI. Chandigarh (India)
Printed by :
Controller of Printing an:! Stt.tionery.
G():vernment of Haryana•.ChanJigarh .

Thi is thefirstgazetteer of the Bhiwani district which
was created in December 1972.Thegazetteer contains useful
information on important aspects of district life. The
development in this arid di trict after the formation of
Haryana has been phenomenal, plfticularly with the
introduction of a network of canals through lift irrigation
schemes. Introduction of irrigation in the centuries old
desert tract is fast changing the lives of ~the people. The
chapters in this compendium have been so devised as to
make the gazetteer useful to those engaged in administration,
welfare programmes and research. The work, it is hop~d,
will also be ofinterest to the general reader.
Compliments are due to the Gazetteers Unit ~forhaving
prepared such a voluminous work in a short period. I am
thankful to Shri E.N. Mangat Rai and Dr. K.C. Khanna who
revised the draft of the gazetteer.
Chandigarh,
13thMay, 1982
Financial Commissioner Revenue and
Secretary to Government, Haryana,
Revenue Department.

. .. ... -.,-
. .. .../ .• Jd.U
Til) G.E)tte~r of Bh.1wam IS th) tha'd 1Q SUCCes.SlO f
th." district glZ·~tteers so far brough~ out by th) H·:lry.:l.!1~
G)v~rnmmt. This district wasform~d in D~cemb~r ~91i.})l
integll.ting c)rtain t~rritories which p:~vloU3ty form)~: y.~r)f
of two sep:uate districts. Bhiwani and Bawani .I(.~era)wjr~
p:.ut of the Hisar district together with Loharu, ~ r~rm~J
princely state. D.ldri, which at one tim~ belon!?ed:,;to 19.f
erstwhile p::-incelystate of lind, came to Bhiwani fro~ !i~
Mahendragarh district. : ,..) r ..tfJ.>I
1 ~cessarily rdiance hid to b~ placed on old ga:zetteeffl,
p.lrticularily of th~ Hisar district, for much of t1:pm:werial.
Th~ Lohlru State G3.z~tteer, 1915 and th) Phulkfaq"~§t,,t8
Gazetteer, 1904 w~re of imm;nse help. H:>wevtr~)tl?ast
Indep;ndence developm)nts, espeCIally . aftee t h ~ creation . ~uf 0
Haryana, had tobeincorpJrated from numeroU$ sources and
publications bJth of th; G:>vernm)nt and p::-ivatebodies. In
the absence of relevant infonnltion many spot studies also
had to be conducted.
The introduction of canal irrigation in this seiifig~Nt~
region is the singular IUOstsignificant transf~8:natl&IllIwHfch
has taken place in recent years. Hence this gazetteer is not
only a geographical and historical record but also tries to
capture most of the major changes brought out by the
development pro;;;ss. Its r~f~r~nc~ date, unless sp3cifically
stated in thetext otherwise, is March 31, 1977.
~.
The writing and publication of'ta, nev\n'lgazetteeris atask
involving mlny p~ople while it isn)tp)3si~.1~,to acknowledge
eachof their contributbns individually sp~cial mention must
be made of those who w~repdmarily resp:>nsible. My th:mks

are due to B. Raj Baja';, fomlerly Editor in the State
Gazetteers Unit and his team ofResearch Officers S.P.Dheer,
A.K. Jain _and Krishna Chakarvarti. S.P. Kainth, R.K.
Malhotra and Tej Bhan, staff membels of. the [Gazetteers
Unit also provided valuable assistance. lDr. K.C. Yadav,
Kurukshetra University wrote the chapter OIl; History,
Df.ICC. Khanna provided' expert comments. B.K. Kathpalia
of the Haryana Develcpment Departmentp repared the maps.
R.K. Sharda, formerly' District Public Relations Officer,
Bhiwani was of great help during field visits. E.N. Mangat
Rai, ICS (Retd.), was kind enough to go through the entire
manuscript and make several improvements.
Written on a pattern fprescribed by the Government
ofIndia, it is hoped that this gazetteer would be of some
use to both researchers and general ~readers alike.
Chandigarh,
13th May, 1982
State Editor (Gazetteers) and
[Joint Secretary to Government, Haryana.
Revenue Department.

Origin of the nameofthe district
Location, boundaries, area and population
Location and boundaries-I,
Area-I, Population-2
History ofthe district as an
administrative unit
Topo~raphy
Natural drainage, rivers and other surface
water resources
Mammals-I8, Birds-I9,
Birds of economic importance-20,
Reptiles-'-2I, Fishes-23
Olimate
Temperature-23, Humidity-24,
RainfalI-24, Clouds-25.
Winds-25, Special weather
phenomena-25
The ancient period
The medieyal period
The modern period
1-2S
27-40
27
30
1
1
34

Religious groups-45, Superstitions-49,
Festivals and fairs-50
Socialgroups-52, Joint family
system-59, Iuheritance-60,
Marriage customs-62, Other rituals
a!ldcustoms-68, Position of women-69
Villages-7l, Dwellings,
furniture and utensils-n,
Dress and ornaments-74,
Food-76
Folk culture-77, Games and
recreation-80
Refugee camps-82, Rural rehabilitation-83, Urban
rehabilitation-84, Smallurban and house-building
loans-85, Payment of compensation-86, Impact
of displaced persons on local population-8?
Irrigation
Canalirrigation in the district prior to the formation
of Haryana-93, Progress after theformation of HarylUla
State-96, Newcanal irrigation schemes-98, Well
irrigation-108, Tank irrigation-Il2, Minor irrigation
(ground water exploration and development)-l12,
Lining of kachcha watercourses-lIS, Cloud-seeding
experimental operations for inducing artificial
rainfall-117
41-87
41
44
89-173
89

Agriculture
Set-up of the agriculture department-lI8, Soils-120,
Crops-125, Fodder crops-128, Horticulture-l30,
Agricultural implements-131, Mechanised farming-l33
Seed-I36, Manuresand chemical fertiIizers-137,
Agricultural pests and diseases-l39, Marginal Farmers
and Agricultural Labourers Development Agency (MFAL),
Bhiwani-140, Agricultural cooperatives-146
Animal Husbandry
Cattle and buffaloes-150, Intensive Cattle Development Project,
Bhiwani-151, Dairy farming-152, Sheep breeding-153,
Piggery-,153, Camels-153, Horses and ponies- 153,
Donkeys-.153, Animal diseases and veterinary hospitals-153,
Slaughter houses-15ot, Poultry development-155, Problem of
strllYanimals-155, Gaushala development-155
Forestry
Natural calamities (Famine and drought)
Common facility centres
Marke"ting assistance
Industrial areas
Commercial banks
Rural industries project
Industrial training
Source of power
Industries and manufacturell
Large and medium-scale industries-194. Small-scale
industries-204, Cottage industries-204
Regiltered factories
Industrial labour
Cooperative movement
155
157
165
175-208
175
182
183
187
188
189
189
190'
191
192
193
205
205
206

Money-lenders and agricultural indebtedness
Cooperative credit
Central cooperative bank
Primary land deTelopmcnt banks
Joint-stock banks
Regional Rural Bank, Bhiwani
Insurance
Small savings
School savings bank (Sanchayika) scheme-218, Pay roll
savingsgroups-219, Mahila pradhan kshetriya bachat yojna-219,
Agency system_219, Publicity-219
Currency and coinage
Trade and commerce
Regulated markets
Cattle fairs
Stat~ trading
Weights and measures
Storage and warehousing
CHAPTER VII_COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
National highway-238, State [highways-238,
Other roads- 239,Road beautification programme-239,
Canal inspection roads-240
Vehicles and conveyances
Passanger transport-240, Goods transport byroad-245,
Railways-246, Transport by air-248
Facilities for travellers
Post offices
208
... 209-233
209
211
213
214
214
216
217
217
220
220
222
226
227
229
232
232
•.• 235-255
235
248
249

Telegraphs
Telephones
CHAPTER VIII-MISCELLANEOUS. OCCUPATIONS
Educational personnel
Engineering services
Transport
Personal services
Barbers-275. Washermen-275. Tailors-276
Livelihood pattern
Employment situation
Employment exchanges-286
Wages
Community development
DistriGt authorities
Deputy Commissioner-307. Sub-Divisional Officer-309.
Tahsildar (Mahal)/Naib TahsiIdar (Mahal)-309
General arrangement fordisposal of business
General Assistant-31l. Additional General Assistant to
Deputy Commissioner-312
Other State and Central governmen~ officers
State government officers-313, Central government officers
(excluding military officers)-316
253
254
... 257-281
283-304
283
257
259
271
272
274
275
278
278
288
298
301
... 305-318
305
307
312
313

Development organization
Police
Judiciary
District Attorney
Oath Commissioner
CHAPTER XI-REVENUE ADMINISTRA nON
History ofthe revenue administration
Specialassessment onland put tonon-agricultural use-328,
The Punjab Land Revenue (Surcharge) Act, 1954-329,
Adhoc SpecialAssessment under Punjab Land Revenue Act,
No.6 of 1956-329, The Punjab Land Revenue (Special
Charges) Act, 1958-329, Punjab Revenue Act XIX
of 1958-329
Other enactments
Haryana Land-Holdings Tax Act, 1973-332
Land revenueand special cesses
Land revenue/land-holding tax-34/, Specialcesses (Village
officers' cess-342, Local rate-342, Water rates-343,
Betterment charges--343)
Land reforms
Consolidation ofholdings
Other sources of revenue, State and Central
State sources ofrevenue-359, Central sources of revenue-372
CHAPTER XII-LAW AND ORDER AND JUSTICE
Incidence of crime
Police
Jails
Justice
Public Works Department
Public Health Engineering-407, Buildings and Roads-408,
Irrigation-41O
316
317
317
317
318
318
318
318
319-374
319
336
338
341
343
357
359
375-406
375
387
396
399
407-428
407

Haryana State Electrtcity Board
Coopec:tive Department
Depntment of Welfare of Scheduled Castes and
Backward Classes
Finance Deparment
Public Relations Department
Fire Fighting Department
Food and Supplies Department
Planning Department
National Savings Organization
Departments of Town and Country Planning, Haryana
Urban Development Authority and Colonization
Krishi Gyan Kendra, Bhiwani (Haryana Agricultural
University)
Urb:lll local government
Historical background-429. Municipalities (Bhiwani-429,
Cbarkhi Dadri-432), Notifiod area committees (Loharu-435.
TOiiham- 436, Siwani-437. Bawani lChera-438)
Rural local government-Panchayati Raj
Panchayats-440, Panchayat Samitics-442. ZiJaParishad-444
CHAPTER XV-EDUCATION AND CULTURE
Historical background
Education of women
Education of Scheduled Castses and Backward Classes
Literacy
Educational set-up
Medium of instruction
Incentives
Colleges(including technical andprofessional)
Technical schools
Oriental schoolsand colleges
Adult literacy and socialeducation
Educa.ion ofthephysically handicapped
416
417
420
420
421
421
422
;423
424
427
.. 429-444
429
445-463
445
448
449
450
451
452
452
453
458
460
4tH
461

National Cadet Corps
Sports
Libraries
Education infine arts
CHAPTER XVI-MEDICAL AND
SERVICES
Medical andhealth services
Diseasescommon to the district
Vital statistics
General standard ofhealth
Preventive measures to promote public health
Water-supply (rural)
Water-supply (urban)
Sewerage (urban and rural)
CHAPTER XVII-OTHER SOCIAL SERVICES
General
Labour welfare
Labour legislation-512, Industrial relations-513, Works committees-513.
Strikes-513, Trade unions-513, Subsidized Industrial Housing
Scheme-514, Government Labour Welfare Centre, Bhiwani-515,
Employees' Provident Funds Scheme-515, Family Pension-cum-
LifeAssurance Scheme, 1971-516 Deposit-Linked Insurance Scheme,
1976-517, Employees' State Insurance Scheme-517
Social welfare
Old agepension-518
Advancement ofbackward classes
Haryana Harijan Kalyan Nigam Limited
Prohibition
Charitable organi~tions
CHAPTER XVIII-PUBLIC LIFE AND VOLUNTARY
SOCIAL SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS
Representation of the district in the Union and
State Legislatures
Lok Sabha-House ofPeople (First General Elections,
1952-537, Second General Election~, 1957- 537,
Third General Elections, 1962-538, Fourth General
Elections, 1967-539, Fifth Gneral Election~, 1971-540,
Sixth Gegeral ElactioRs, 1977-541), R,ajra Sabha (CoWlcil
461
462
463
463
465-5O~
467
480
486
493
494
503
506
509
511-535
511
511
51~
524
525
528

ofStates)-542, Vidhan Sablla-Legisll\tive Assembly (First
General Elections, 1952-542, Second GenllJal Blectipnl,
1957_543, Third Genera1 Elections, 1.962---643,FouAb
General Elections. 1967-544,Mid-Ten;.~ EleetiOllS.I96I-545,
Fifth General Electiooi, 19'n-S45.Sixth Goneta~Elections,
1977-546 fn)
Political parties and organizations
Newspapers and periodicals
Voluntary S9cia1service organizations
CHAPTER XIX-PLACES OF INTEREST
Bawani Khera-563, Bhiwani-564, Charkhi Dadri~567,
l'aliana_569, Loharu-569, Mitathal-571, Siwaai-572,
Tosham-573
APPENDIX
Contents ofTables-577, Tables I to XLYlII-580 to 701
-=BIBLIOGRAPHY
GLOSSARY
INDEX
546
S~
551
563-575
703-706 ;
707-710
711-727

(x)
ILLUSTRATIONS
Plate 1- Stone Implements: ring stone, hammer stone, etc., and
Plate 2- Copper Objects : riugs, celt, parsu; found in excavations
at Mitathal-:- indicative of habitation at the site during
Pre-Harappan to Late-Harappan times
Rock inscription of 4th-5th centuary A.D., Tosham Hill
Rural mela at village Nakta (tahsil Bhiwani)
Beginnings of the gigantic effort to bring water to the thirsty
arid lands of theBhiwanidistrict
Water flowsin one of the newly constructed channels to slake
the thirst of'the arid lands in the Bhiwani district
Water being lifted through a pump house - a special feature
ofthe Lift Irrigation System
Bnergisationoftubewells
MilkPlant, Bhiwani - a symbol ofwhite revolution
Vaish College, Bhiwani
Government College, Bhiwani
Bringing of drinking water fromfar away places - an essential
part ofliving pattern that existedprior tothe establishment of
Bapora Water Works inthe seventies of thepresent century
A panoramic view of Bapora Water Works - biggest rural
\Vater-supply project
Drinking water goesto villagesthrough taps
Old pakka tanks with covered storage wells(kunds) forcoIlecting
rain water for drinking (village Pokharwas) - now athing of
the past
Bhiwani Water Works - anaerial view
Gauri Shankar Mandir, Bhiwani
Dorothy Villa atCharkhi Dadri built by the Maharaja of
erstwhile princely State ofJind - now PWD rest house
Newly built 19-suitePWD Rest House, Bhiwani
Shyamesar Tank, Charkhi nadri
Tosham Hill- resembling asleeping camel
MAPS (General, IrrigatioD)
729
730
731
734
735
736
737
738
740
741
742
743
744
745
.. 745
.. 746
,. 746

Bhiwani, one of the eleven districts! of Haryana State, came into
existence on December 22, 1972, and wasformally inaugurated on JailUary 14,
1973. It is mmed after the headquarters. town of Bhiwani, believed to be a
corruption of the word Bhani. From Bhani, itchanged to Bhiani and then
Bhiwani. Tradition hasitthat oneNeem,aJatu Rajput, who belonged tovillage
B:twani 2 , then inHansi tahsil of the Hisar (Hissar) district, came to settle at
Kaunt, avillage near the present town of Bhiwani. This was resented by the
local Jat inhabitants, and they plotted his murder. Neemwas warned by a Jat
woman, named Bahni, and thus forewarned, had hisrevengeonthe localJats.
He killed m~st of them at a banquet, the site ofwhich was mined with gunpowder.
He m'lrried B:thni and founded a village named after her. At
the beginning of the nineteenth century, Bhiwani was an insignificant village
inthe Dadri pargana, under the control ofthe Nawab ofJhajjar. It is,however,
referred to asatown whenthe British occupied it in 1810. 3 It gained
importance during British rule when in 1817, it was selected for the siteof a
mandi or free market, and Charkhi Dadri, still under the Nawabs, lost its
importance as a seat of commerce.
Location andboundaries.- The district ofBhiwani liesinbetweenlatitude
2&019' and 290 OS' and longitude 750 28' to 760 28'. It isbounded in the
north by the Hisar (Hissar) district, inthe east bythe Rohtak district, inthe
south by the M'lhendragarh district of Haryana and theJhunjhunu district
of Rajasthan and in the west by the Churu district and a part of the
Jb:unjhunu district of Rajasthan.'
Area.-With an area of 5,090square kilometres, Bhiwani isthe second
1. The twelfth district of Faridabad hasbeen created on August 15. 1979.
2. Arnin Chand. Tawarikh -i-Zila Hisar. 1866. p.lS. Bawani is apparantely Bawani
Mera. now the headquarters ofatahsil ofthe same name inthedistrict.
3. Hisar District Gazetteer. 1892,pAl.
4. S()ur~e: Survey OfIndia, North Westem Circle, Chandil?arh.

largest district inthe State following Hisar (Hissar). It comprises four tahsils
covering the areas shown below l :
1,470.33
.1,032.86.
r,42L25
1,165.56
5,090.00
4.51
·2,59
is.76
1,458.67
1,032.86
1,416.74
1,162.97
5,071.24
Population.~The district assuchwasnot inexistence atthe last Census
of 1971 and separate population data have'not been published. However,
the p::>pulation, computed on the basis of the 1971 Census, was 7,61,953
persons. 2 In population, it is the eighth among eleven districts of the State
following Gurgaon, Hisar (Hissar), Rohtak, Ambala, K.:;strnal,Kurukshetra
and Jind and stands ahead of Mahendragarh, Sonipat and Sirsa.
The first record of the administrative division now compnsmg the
Bhiwani district, is found in Ain-i-Akbari. Akbar divided his kingdom into
subahs, sirkars and mahals or parganas. Thewhole of what isnow the Bhiwani
district wasmostly in sirkar of Hisar Firuza (principal mahals being Tosham,
Seoran and Siwani)3and sirkar ofDelhi (princip;il mahal beingDadri Taha)4 of
sublh Delhi. With thedecay ofthe Mughal Empire this area remained disturbed
in consequence of fighting between the neighbouring chiefs till 1803,when
the greaterplrtofitcam~under British rulebythe TreatyofSurjiArjungaon.
Thereafter conditions sealed down. The present district has been formed by
1. Source: Deputy Commissioner, Bhiwat,i.
2. Statistical Abstract ofHaryana, 1975-76,p.3. (Issued bytheEconomic and Statistical
Organization, Planning Department, Haryana.)
3. Abul Fazl, Ain-i-Akbari, Volume II (Englishtransiation by H. S.Jarrett, comc;ted
!In~further annotated bySir Jadu"nath Sarkar);1949,pp. 298-~OQ.
4. Ibid, PP.791-93•.

m~rgingthreesepirate units, viZ.(i):Bhl~a~r~rid l3awaniKhera, whichformeda
p:trtoftheRisar (Hissar)district ;'(ii) Dadri, whichwas formerlya part
ofa princelyStateand-laterofthe Mahendragarh district; and (iii)Loharu,
which was a princely' State and later merged with the Hisar (Hissar)
district after Independence. These three tracts have different administrative
histories.
The first tract consisting ofthe. twotahsils of Bhiwani and Bawani
Khera, wasa part ofthe territory knownasHaryana immediately prior tothe
Britishconquestin1803 andwasnominaJIysubjecttothe Marathas, whoruled
itinthe name of Mughal Emperor at Delhi. Siwaniand Bahlwere 2
of the 19districts into which Haryana had beendivided at that time. l In
'1810,thedateoftheactual establishment of.the Britishauthority inthis part,
the wholeofthe Delhi territory ceded 1;'ythe Marathas wassubjectto the
ResidentofD~lhi, andwasdividedintotwodistricts: Delhi,already underthe
Resident, and the outlying districts including' Hansi, Hisar (Hissar), Sirsa,
Rohtak, Panipat and Rewari, under the' immediate charge ofan Assistant to
the Resident. In 1819,theDelhiterritory wasdividedintothreedistricts: the
central district whichincluded Delhi, the southern including Rewari, and the
north-western including Panipat, Hansi, Hisar (Hissar), Sirsa and Rohtak.
In 1820,the latter·(north-western) was again sub-divided into a northern
anda w

Jaipur authority and t'orni~danindep~ndent State. TheRaja of Khetri, a dependencyofJaipur,
attempted tosubdue-thembutwasslaininbattleatLoharu.
The Statewas,however,re-annexedto Jaipur foratime, butitsoon regained
its independence. Subsequently it acknowledged British suzerai.nty. The
Britishrulersgavethetaluk ofLoharu (73&squarekilometres)in.rewardtothe
Maharaja of Alwar, whohad loyallyaided them during the 1&03campaign
against the Marathas. The sanad given by General Lord Lake to Raja
SiwaeeBakhtawar SinghofAlwaronthis occasion istranslated asfollows l :-
"To allMootsaddies, present andfuture"as wdl asto Amils,Choudhrees,
Kanoongoes, Zamindars and Cultivators ofParganas, Ismaeelpooro,
and MJodawar withthe Talookasof Darbarpore, Rutaee, Nimrana, Mandan,
Ghelote, Beejwar, Suraie, Dadree, Loraroo, Boodwanah and Bhoodchalnahur,
underthe Soobah of Shahjehanabad : Letit beknownthat betweenthe
Honourable the East Indian CompanyofEngland and Maharao Raja Sewaee
B!lkhtawarSingh thefriendshipwhichexistedhasbeenstcengthened;therefore,
witha viewofprovingand makil\gthisfactpublictoeveryone, GeneralLord
Lake directsthat the above-mentioneddistrict be madeoverto theMaharao
Raja for his expenses,subject to the concurrence of the Most Noble the
Governor-General, Lord Wellesley.
"On thepermissiotlof tbe GovertlUr-General beiqg received,another
Sanad willbe giveninplaceofthe p,resentone,which willberecalled.
"Until another Sanad arrives, this one wtu remain inpossessioll of
the Maharao Raja.
"Parganas Ismaeelporeand Moodawar, withthe Talookas ofDarbarp:>re,Rutaee,
Nimrana, Mandan, Beejwarand Ghelote and Suraie, Dadree
and Laharoo, Boodwanah and BhQOdchalnahur,.
"Dated 2&thNovember, A.D. 1803, corresponding with the 12thofthe
Shaban, 121&.Hijreeor AghunSood Pooranmassee, Sambat, 1&60.
"(Signed)G. Lake."
The Maharaja intam, with the assentofthe BritishGovernment, entrusted
Loharu tohis vakeel,Ahman BakashKhan, whohad foughtgallantly
onthe British side under the title Gf Nawab.= His d~cendants ruled this
1. Powlett. P.W., Gazetteer01utwar,1878 (Lendon). p. 171.
2. HisarDistrictandLoharuState Gazetteer (Lohar.uStat~. ~915,pp. 2.3; A/war
District Gautteer, 1968, p.65.

State till it wasmerged, except 15 viliages, with the Hisar (Hissar) district
under the Provinces and States (Absorption ofEnclaves) Order, 1950. 1
According to the Phulkian States Gazetteer (Patiala, Jind andNobha),
1904,2 Charkhi Dadri town was formerelyinthe possession ofNawab Bahadur
Jang, a relative ofthe Jhajjar Nawab. Inthe events of 1857, his estates
were confiscated. Dadri area, covering nearly 600 square miles3 (1,554
sqUlre kilometres) was first included inthe newly created district ofJhajjar,
which was abolished shortly afterwards in 1860 when large parts ofit were
assigned to the Phulkian Chiefs, asa reward for their servicesto the British
Government.' Dadri was conferred on Raja Sarup Singh of Jind.5 Till
1904,Dadri wasatahsil ofthe Jind district (Nizamat). In that year, Dadri
tahsil wasmade into a separate district. 6 After Independence (1947),and
the subsequent formation of PEPSU (Patiala and East Punjab States Union)
onMay 5,1948,the Dadri area ofthe Jind State wasincluded intheMahendragarh
district. Under the States Re-organisation Act, 1956, PEPSU was
merged with Punjab on November 1,1956, and consequently theMahendragarh
district, of which Dadri was a part, became one of the then 19districts
of Punjab. The four villages of the Dadri tahsil, viz. Umrawat, Ralluwas,
Dharana and Rajgarh, with atotal area of 31.49 square kilometres were
transferred to the Bhiwani tahsil of the Hisar (Hissar) district. The village
~
Umrawat was actually transferred on October, 6, 1969,while the other three
villages had beentransferred on August 10,1962. 7
This entire area wasincluded inthe newState of Haryana on November
1, 1966. The above administrative arrangements continued till the
neW district of Bhiwani comprising the Dadri, Loham, Bhiwani and Bawani
Khera tahsils with headquarters at Bhiwani was constituted on December 22,
1972, by varying the limits ofthe Mahendragarh and Risar districts so as
to exclude th.e areas of the Dadri tahsil of the Mahendragarh district,
and Loham, Bhiwani and Bawani Khera tahsils of the Hisar district.s
L Census of India. 1961, District Census Handbook. Hisar District, 1966.p. 11.
2. Ibid. p.333.
3. Ibid, p.216.
4. Rohtak District Gazetteer, 1970, p. 3.
5. PhulkiQJlStates -Gazetteer (Patiala, Jind and NaMa), 1904·,p. 333.
'6. Phulkian States Gazetteer. Statistical Tables (find State), 1913, p. 3.
7. Census of India. 1971, District Census Handbook, Mahendragarh District. 1973, p.5.
8. Vide Haryana Government. Revenue Department Notification No. 6050-E(IV)-72/
451123, dated December 22, 1972.

The following table shows the number of villages -ineach tahsilon the eve of
the formation of the Bhiwani district and thereafter :-
Number of
villages on
the eve of
December
22, 1972
Nil
(tahsil not
in existence)
Number of Remarks
villages on
December
22, 1972
114 (i) 37 villages were transferred
to the Loharu
tahsil.
(ii) 6 villages .were transferred
to the Bawani
KJ-..era tahsil.
(iii) 9 villages were added
from the Dadri tahsil.
(i) 6 villages were added
from the Bhiwani tahsil.
(ii) 32 villa:ges were added
from the Hansi tahsil of
the Hisar district.
(iii) 17 villages \yere added
from the Hisiif tahsil of
the fIisar district.
(i).9 villages were trans.,.
ferred to the Bhiwani
tahsil.
(ii) 20 ,villages were .added
from the Mahep.dragarh
tahsil of the Mahendragarh
dj..strict. .
(i) 2 villages were added
from the Mahendragarh
tahsil of the Mahendragarh
district:' ,
(ii) 37 villages were added
. .. frOJ:.n.t4e Bhiwani t~hsiL

OnApri123, 1974, 12villages (Jarwa, Basri, Sohari, Nanwan, Nanga1
- . -
Mala, Satnali, Birsingwas, -SuretiJhakaf, Sureti Pilania, Sureti Maveryana,
phana and Bas) were transferred from the Dadri tahsil tothe Loharu tahsil.
.5villages (Nimriwali, Pahladgarh, Nandgaon, Rupgarh and Madh Mathvi)
.wereincluded in the Bhiwani tahsil from the Dadri tahsil. One village, Indiwali,
was also included in the Bhiwani tahsil from the Loharu tahsiJ.1 On
the Slme day, 3 villages ofthe Dadri tahsil (Bhurjat, Kharkhara and Adilpur)
were incorpJrated in the Mahendragarh tahsil of the Mahendragarh
district; 5villages ofthe M'ihendragarh tahsil (Barda, Dalanwas, Gadarwas,
Madogarh and Degrota) were transferred to the Loharu tahsil and 1village,
Nasuha, of the Mlhendragarh tahsil was transferred to the Dadri tahsiI.2
OilJune 11,1974,5 villagesofthe Loharu tahsil (Isharwal, Dewawas, Rodhan,
Salhawahi and Hasan) were included inthe Bhiwani tahsil and 3 villages
(Kakral, Sewaniand Naloi) inthe Bawani Khera tahsil. 3 Thus the Bhiwani
district, on March 31, 1977, comprised 474 villages, divided between tahsil
Bhiwani: 125,tahsil Bawani Khera :58,tahsil Dadri: 172and tahsil Loharu :
119.
SUB-DIVISIONS, TAHSILS AND THANAS
The district has 4 tahsils :Bhiwani, Bawani Khera, Dadri and Loharu.
Sub-divisions were created at Bhiwani, Dadri and Loharu on September 3,
1954,September 4, 1968and November 10,1976 respectively. The Bawani
Khera tahsil is under the Sub-Divisional Officer, Bhiwani.
There are 9 thanas(police stations) and 8police posts. 4 Details may
be seenin the Chapter on 'General Administration'.
TOPOGRAPHY
According to the Hisar District and Loharu State Gazetteer (Hisar
District), 1915,the general aspect ofthe district, (which included much of the
present B~iwanidistrict), m1ybedescribed asalevelplain orprairie, stretching
from the north-west to the south east, and unbroken byany natural irregularity,
except in the south-western corner where some of the detached peaks
1. Vide Haryana Government, Revenue Department Notification No. 2278-RIV-74/
11546,dated April 23, 1974.
2. Vide Haryana Government, Revenue Department Notification No. 2278-RIV-74/
11547,dated April 23,1974.
, 3. Vide Haryana Government, Revenue Department Notification No. 3059-RIV-74/
19359, dated June 11, 1974.
4. The police post of Bahl having been up-graded as police station on April 1 1977,
there arenow 10 police stations and 7policeposts. _- --,

of theAravalli range stand out against the horizon. The highest ofthese is
the Tosham hill, 800 feet(244 metreS)high. Asandy tract stretches down the
western portion ofthe district tillthe Bhiwani area is entered, wherethe district
presents the appearance ofaseaof sandy billows ofamore or less fluctuating
nature. The whole of the Bhiwani tahsil, leaving out a smallportion
inthe east whichwasapart oftheso-called Haryana tract, was known as
Bagar. Here the prevailing characteristic is a light sandy soil and shifting
sand-hills interspersed in places with firmerand inpart loamy bottoms. The
sand-hills are known astibbasand the firmer valleysbetween as tals. 1
As regards the Loham tahsil, "The aspect ofthe country isuniform
throughout the State. It presents a prospect, dreary and d~solate, a treeless
waste dotted with sand-hills, and sparsely covered with vegetation. No
natural divisions can be said to exista,ndthe hill system.ificomprised intWQ
hills which rise in rocky isolation inthe centre ofthe State."2
As regards the Dadri area, according to the Phulkian States Gazetteer
(Patiala,find and Nabha), 1904,3 itlayin Haryana tract and Badhara in the
Bagar which was acontinuation ofthe Bagar ofthe Bhiwani tahsil, though
water was50to 54 feet(15to 16.5metres) belowthesurface.
As regards the river system inthe Dadri tahsil the Phulkian States
Gazetteer(Patiala,find and Nabha), 1904, records that "Tahsil Dadri, which
has no canal irrigation, iswatered bythe Dohan, a stream which rises inthe
lands of Ghoghu and Bhagaur, two villages of the Jaipur State, whence it
flows past the Patiala town ofKanaud and thereafter irrigates the Jind villages
ofPalari, Badhwana, Jawa, Jhojhu Kalan, Balali, Abidpura, Mandola, Kaliana
and Dadri for some 15 or 16miles (24 or 26 kilometres), disappearing inthe
dakar land of kalyawas (Kaliawas) in Rohtak. When in flood in the rainy
season, itis used tofertilize thelands belowitslevelfor two orthree years, but
itwas apt inyears ofheavy rainfall tocause damage both to houses and crops,
and is now controlled by three dams, of which the first, raised in 1874, lies
between the roads leading from Dadri to Kaliana and Jhajjar, whilethe second
isbetween those leading to the Dadri railway station and the Johawala tank
near the town, and the third, made in 1886, adjoins Dadri station, lyingbetweenthe
road leading from the town to Rawaldhi and that leading from
the town to the Station. The worst floods occurred in 1862 and 1885. In
the latter year considerable damage was done in the town of Dadri both to
1. Ibid,pp.2,4.
2. Hisar District and Loham State Gazetteer (Loharu Stq.te), 19{5. p..1.
~. lhili, p. 214.

priVateproperty 3_ndtothe State Khata.~orgrain stores, whichwere destroyed.
The lossto the ~tate alone was estimated at a lakh of rUpees. The bands,
whichkept th~water ofthe Dohan from entering the town, alsoprevented the
surface drainage ofthet0wn itself from findingan outlet, and thus injury tothe
place resulted."l
The waters ofDohan have,however,ceasedtoflowintothe Dadri tahsil.
At least since 1947,no floods from tbis stream have afflictedthis tahsil. The
stream gets a.bsorbed in the arid il.nd sandy tract of Mahenrlragarh district
and completdy vanishes near villagesAkodah and Bassiwhich are situated on
the Narna'll-Mlhendragarh-Dadri Road close to the north~rn border ofthe
Mahendragarh district.
The newly carved out district occupies a transitional position between
the fairly flat and featureless Punjab-Haryana Plains onthe one hand,
and the Rajasthan desert and the Aravalli hills on the other. Amajor portion
of this transitional tract is a sandy, undulating plain dotted with
sand-dunes of varying shapes and dimensions occurring in different directional
dispositions. The monotony of the sandy plain is broken in parts
by the hills which once were a part of the Aravalli mountain system,
one of the oldest in the country. The north-eastern part of the district,
by contrast, isa fairly flat plain. The highest point in" the district is 1,470
feet(44&metres) above sealevelnear Kaliana inthe Dadri tahsil. The general
topography of the district bears distinct imprint of the influence of both wind
and water. In severalparts ithas thecharacteristics ofdesert topography and
arid landscapes. This isalso confirmed inthe term 'Bagar' which isaclimatic
term indicating arid conditions. Ofthe districts comprising the State of
Haryana, Bhiwani comes next to Gurgaon and Mahendragarh in physiographic
diversity.
A closeexamination ofthe relief ofthearea reveals afourfold division
of the district into physiographic units :
(i) the north-eastern part, which isfairly flat;
(ii) the central and north-western zone with a fair spread oflowhills
of different dimensions, occurring in varying directions, and
interspersed by sand-dunes in parts;
(iii) the sandy triangular zone enclosed by Bhiwani, LoharU and
Jhumpa; and

BHIw ANI DISTRICf GAZ~~~E~~
(iv) the eastern 'lnd north--ea3terI)..part ofthe.I?adri tah~i1wlljcll,b_as
~ .- .•.. _._~~. _._".~.#' .• ~,... ~.' ,." ..• ", f" ••.•.. r. \ ~r
., ·a mixtu.reofplain ap_.dhilltopography,.th~~i11s bliadicin-~occurrehce.· -- ., , .. ,. '- -" .-
(i) The North-eastern ZC?ne
This zone includes n large part of the Bawani Khera ·tahsil and the
north-eastern section oftheBhiwani·tahsil.' It is·generally fiat,with anortheast
to south-west inclir.ation.. The southern and south-western limits oft1>.is
top::>graphicunitare ID'irkedbythetermination ofdistributarie3 ofthe Western
Yamum (Juffina) C-?,nalSy;tem, The predominance. ofhills arid sand-dunes
westof this zone (i)versethe inclimtion ofthe land cpar8.cteristic oLthe:canal
irrigated area. The area north-east of the Bhiwani-Db Rmiyan (Dhamana)
axis ispractically flat and presents a plain's lands~~pe.
---~.-.-
Throughout this belt the altitude ranges between 695 and 741 feet
(212 and 226 metres) above seaievel. However, there i-;a:stray occurrence of
sand-dunes evenhere; suchasnear villagesBaliyaliand Badesra intbe Bawani
Kbera tahsil, and near villages Chang and Rewari inthe Bhiwani tahsil.
(ij) The Central and North-western Zone
Thiszoneispractically enclosed bythe linesjoining theplaces: Tosham-
B'ljina-Rodha-Jhumpa-Gurera-Barwa-Dhamiyan (Dha.mana)- Tosham. The
characteristic feature ofthe topography isthe relictype ofhills occqrring all
oVerthe area. These hills arepHt ofthe old Aravalli mountain sY5

of·the adjoining Rajasthan desert. 'this 30neisci~stered with sand-dune sof
varying shapes.and dimensions. In between the sand-dunes ar~ fairly level
sandy surfaces which constitute the main agricultural land. Of course, the
general top0graphy ismarked byirregularities and undulations. Thedirection
ofthe sand-dunes isinconsistent. The general altitude ofthis tract varies between
750 and 870 feet (229and 265 metres). However, there isahillypoint
called 'Pabari' which is 1,064 feet (324 metre.s). The sand-dunes, which are
quite closely spaced, repnsent an extension ofthe lan.dscape across tbe State
borde1fin Rajasthan.
This tract includes the eastern part of the Dadri tahsil. It is a true
transition betw~enthecanal irrigated, and fairly flat area ofthe Rohtak district
inthe north-east and the irregular and sandy topography onthe southwest.
The proportion of levelsurface is higher here than in the sandy tract.
The sand-dunes and relic hills are only sporadic in occurrence. These relic
hills orkOl'jes aresome 34innumber. The general surface isaround 700 feet
(213 metres). The highest point near Kaliana, south-west of Cbarkhi Dadri
and 1,470 fed (448metres) above sealevel,is on ahill.The other highpoint
1,084 feet (330 metres) isanother hill near Mankawas. Afu ther hillis near
Siswala with its highest point 1,332feet(406 metres). There aresimilar isolated
hill tops tothe south.
Although the basal foundation of the district is practicaJly uniform,
thepresence ofsand-dunes, sand-hills and relicsoftheAravalli mountain system
lends diversity to itstopography.
The 'Rl.gar', closely dotted with sand features of varying shapes and
sizes,inthe southern and south-western parts of thedistrict isinmarked contrast
to the fairly levellandscape ofthe Bawani Khera area inthe nortb-eas;;t.
Thus the district provides atrue physiographic transition between the Punjab-
Haryana plains in the northeast and the Rajasthan desert to the south-west.
NATURAL DRAINAGE, RIVERS AND OTHER SURFACEWATER RESOURCES
The Bhiwani district isone ofthe veryfewareas inthe wbole State of
Haryana, which does'not bear the 'imprint ofany river or evena regular seaso"nalstream.
The water seasonally flowingdown the slopes ofthe Aravalli
rdics fn northern part of.the Mahendragarh district has carved out gullies,
som~ofwhich extend into the snuthern parts ofthe Dadri tahsil. But these
gullies disapp~ar within a few -kilometres after entering the district. During
the monsoon water rushes into them from the adjoining hillocks, but issoon

absorbed in sand through percolation and evaporation. Thus the only limited
signs of natural drainage in the district are of ephemeral hiland drainage.
There are no other traces of eVenseasonal rivulets or streams elsewhere inthe
district. Nevertheless, inthe central and north-western parts, where there is
a fair scattering of the remains of the Aravalli system, water does collect in
low-lying areas after the rains, forming ponds orwhat are locally called tals.
These pondsjtals dry upduring summer. There is,however, hardly anyvillage
where there isnopond. Theseponds are formed in naturally low-lyingareas,
orlocations from wherethe earth has beenremoved for making mud bricks for
house construction.
In most parts ofthe district water-table is fairly deep, and the water
brackish. Both these conditions render difficult well or tubewell irrigation.
Theonly conspicuous water channels to be seen inthe district are those of
canals, distributaries and minors dug and constructed recently.l Thus the
general lack of natural drainage or water bodies symbolises the :lrid conditions
dominant inthis district.
A large part of the district iscovered by recent to subrecent deposits
of alluvium and blown sand. The rock exposures are veryfewand these are
generally inthe form ofa chain ofdiscontinuous hills.
The general stratigraphic sequence ofvarious litho units encountered in
the district isgiven below:
Delhi Super Group
Granite, amphibolite, quartz veins,
pegmatite and porphyry
Ajabgarh Formation Slates and phyllites with quartzite intercalations,
quartzite, schists and gneisses
Massive erruginous and calcareous
quartzites, schistose quartZIte with
thin bands of carbonaceous phylite,
quartz-sericite-muscovite schist, quartzbiotite
schist.