A Deterritorialized History: Investigating German Colonialism ...

promised death for all Herero found within the colony: “either by the bullet or via (the)
mission through brandy.” Drechsler, Let us Die Fighting, 148. Trotha also promised to
accomplish the: “vernichte die aufständischen Stämme mit Strömen von Blut und Strömen
von Geld.” Behnen, 294. Horst Drechsler, Aufstände in Südwestafrika: der Kampfe der
Herero und Nama, 1904-1907, gegen die deutsche Kolonialherrschaft (Berlin: Dietz,
1984), 180, 185. Nor was this the first time extermination had been advocated.
Woodruff D. Smith, The German Colonial Empire (Chapel Hill: University of North
Carolina Press, 1978), 80.
90 Hull identifies the steady development of a “final solution” to the revolt in: Hull, 147-
149. Bley, 163-164. The 1905-1907 Maji Maji revolt in East Africa had a similarly
catastrophic effect upon the population where a conservatively-estimated 75,000 Africans
where murdered during the suppression. Iliffe, Tanganyika under German Rule, 20-21.
Sunseri, “Baumwollfrage,” 32. Hassing, 381.
91 Prein, 102, 107. The war ended with an estimated 75-80 percent mortality of the
Herero peoples from an original population between 60,000 and 80,000. Hull, 144.
Tilman Dedering, “The German-Herero War of 1904: Revisionism of Genocide or
Imaginary Historiography?” Journal of Southern African Studies 19, 1 (1993): 81-82.
92 The Kontrollverordnung and Paßverordnung are from: Zimmerer, 68-69.
93 There were even plans to relocate particularly restive tribes such as the Namaqua to
other German colonies, but economic reasons rendered this impossible. R1001 9
Deutsch-Südwestafrika. 9.24 Verwaltungssachen. 9.24.2 Angelegenheiten und
Aufstände der einheimischen Stämme. Mflm 2141. Aufstand im Namaqualand und
seine Bekämpfung. B. 9. Pläne zur Umseidlung von Hottentotten in andere deutsche
Kolonien.
94 Zimmerer, 282.
95 Thaddeus Sunseri, “Slave Ransoming in German East Africa: 1885-1922,” The
International Journal of African Historical Studies 26, no. 3, (1993): 486.
96 Richard A. Voeltz, “The European Economic and Political Penetration of South West
Africa: 1884-1892,” The International Journal of African Historical Studies 17, no. 4
(1984): 633-636.
97 Dedering finds evidence of this in the Ferreira Raid of 1906: Tilman Dedering, “The
Ferreira Raid of 1906: Boers, Britons and Germans in Southern Africa in the Aftermath
of the South African War,” Journal of Southern African Studies 26, no. 1 (March 2000):
52.
98 R 1001 3 Etats- und Rechnungswesen – 3.1 Allgemeines. Kolonialetats. Mflm 83270
/9550. Letter from Imperial Chancellor Bülow to DKG, 30 October 1902. R 8023
145