ORNL-4191 - the Molten Salt Energy Technologies Web Site
ORNL-4191 - the Molten Salt Energy Technologies Web Site ORNL-4191 - the Molten Salt Energy Technologies Web Site
~. 108 Table 8.2. Chemical Analyses af MSRE Flush Salt Specimens Run No. Average Uranium Found Number of Samples (ppm) Analyzed FP-3 (final) FP-4 (initial) FP-8 (initial) FP-8 (final) FP-9 (final) FP-11 (final) FP-12 (initiao FP-13 (initial) 195 218 160 616 840 930 '7 99 1186 lmplicotions of Current Experience in Future Operations Currently, the MSRE is entering its final period of operation with 235U fuel salt. It is planned that the MSRE: will operate with 233U fuel in 1968,' as will the MSBE later, and that the concentration of uranium tetrafluoride in those fuels will be only one-fouith that employed in the MSRE Several inferences rnay be drawn from the experience developed during previous -operation which have significant implications regarding operation of the MSKE when it is charged with 2 3 3 fuel, ~ as well as for larger molten-salt reactors. In general, we must conclude that if chemical analyses are to function as operational controls, appreciably greater precision than is now available must characterize the methods for deterniiriing the concentration of uranium as well as the U3+ fraction in the total uranium. The overall composition of the present fuel salt may be determined in routine chemical analysis with a precision of 0.2 to 0.3 wt % (Fig. 8.1). Precision in the determination of the uranium concentration is considerably better, k0.02 wt % on a statistical basis (Fig. 8.2). Such precision in the determination of the uranium concentration is, however, only one.-tenth that which is obtained in routine computations of reactivity balance. The ........................ ............ 1 6 3 Average Increase in Uranium far Flush (ppm) 19s 218 230 205 210 186 160 197 L_ Overall average = 200 ppm __I . high sensitivity in the reactivity balance to varia- tions in uranium concentration vitiates applica- tion of periodic batch analysis of fuel as a sig- nificant control parameter in reactor operations; such analyses have come to function primarily as an independent basis for cross-checking burnup and inventory computations. It is anticipated that when the reactor is fueled with 233U, the pre- cision of the reactivity balance will be improved by a factor of at least 4,3 while the precision of the chemical assay of uranium will fall in pro- portion to the uranium concentration as it is re- duced from 0.83 to 0.20 mole %. The limitations on the present methods of analyzing the MSRE fuel indicate, therefore, that it will be necessary to develop improved methods for determining fuel composition, In reactor systems in which fre- quent or nearly continuous chemical reprocessing is carried out, composition of the fuel and blanket syslems will undergo constant change. Un- questionably, composition determination will then be necessary by way of on-line techniques sup plemented by methods which have high intrinsic accuracy. The intrinsic corrosion potential of the fuel salt is proportional to the UF, concentration, which, to date, has been determined directly only by an intricate and difficult method which is probably near its limit of capability with salt of 'P. N. Haubanreich et a1. to R. B. Briggs, private 3J. R. Engel to R. E. Thoma, private cornmunica- communication, Dec. 19, 1966. tion, April 28, 1967.
m 40 00 5 50 CRNL DWC 67 11818 109 IS 18 ,‘rl 22 74 .n 71 30 ‘7 34 3- 58 40 MIG~~LVOI r IIOJRS (~10~1 Fig. 8.2. Uranium Concentration in MSRE Fuel Salt. I? 00 ,- the present uranium concentration While this 6: ; ! I 50 method has been used with moderate success with the MSRE fuel salt, the low total concentration of 2 o 0 10 00 4 700 4 500 40 20 200 0 uranium which is anticipated in future fuel salts makes it improbable that this method can have continued application. It will be of considerable importance in the near future to employ dlrect spectrophotometnc methods for the determination of u3+ concentration in the fuel salt. Results of recent laboratory experiments indicate that this approach is feasible. ’ In the future, the MSKE fuel sa!t as well as the fuel salts in the large reactor plants will be subjected to fluorination and to HF-W, purge streams during chemical reprocessing. Salt streams in those teactors may be expected to contain even lower concentrations of contaminant oxides than currently exist in the MSRE and should therefore not require oxide analysis Results of the chemical analysis for chromium have shown sufficient precision (110%) that the method has come to serve as an excellent and reliable measure of generalized corrosion within the MSRE The utility of this analysls as an indicator results from the tsct that at present the total concentration of chroniium in the fuel salt is low (9‘0 ppm). Relatively minor changes are, therefore, reflected in significant n I ri concentratlon. In future J LIJ Y 100 I o 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 12 RiJN NUMBER Flg. 8.1. Summary of MSRE Fuel Solt Analyses. operation it is possible that the total concentra- tion of chromium in the fuel circuit will increase ~ - A S. Meyer, Jr., to R. E. Thoma, prlvate communlration, May 12, 1967. ’J. P. Young, MSR Program Sen7rann Progr Rept Fer). 28, 1967, ORNL-4119, p. 153.
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m<br />
40 00<br />
5 50<br />
CRNL DWC 67 11818<br />
109<br />
IS 18 ,‘rl 22 74 .n 71 30 ‘7 34 3- 58 40<br />
MIG~~LVOI<br />
r IIOJRS (~10~1<br />
Fig. 8.2. Uranium Concentration in MSRE Fuel <strong>Salt</strong>.<br />
I? 00<br />
,-<br />
<strong>the</strong> present uranium concentration While this<br />
6:<br />
; ! I 50<br />
method has been used with moderate success with<br />
<strong>the</strong> MSRE fuel salt, <strong>the</strong> low total concentration of<br />
2<br />
o<br />
0<br />
10 00<br />
4 700<br />
4 500<br />
40<br />
20<br />
200<br />
0<br />
uranium which is anticipated in future fuel salts<br />
makes it improbable that this method can have<br />
continued application. It will be of considerable<br />
importance in <strong>the</strong> near future to employ dlrect<br />
spectrophotometnc methods for <strong>the</strong> determination<br />
of u3+ concentration in <strong>the</strong> fuel salt. Results of<br />
recent laboratory experiments indicate that this<br />
approach is feasible. ’<br />
In <strong>the</strong> future, <strong>the</strong> MSKE fuel sa!t as well as <strong>the</strong><br />
fuel salts in <strong>the</strong> large reactor plants will be subjected<br />
to fluorination and to HF-W, purge streams<br />
during chemical reprocessing. <strong>Salt</strong> streams in<br />
those teactors may be expected to contain even<br />
lower concentrations of contaminant oxides than<br />
currently exist in <strong>the</strong> MSRE and should <strong>the</strong>refore<br />
not require oxide analysis<br />
Results of <strong>the</strong> chemical analysis for chromium<br />
have shown sufficient precision (110%) that <strong>the</strong><br />
method has come to serve as an excellent and<br />
reliable measure of generalized corrosion within<br />
<strong>the</strong> MSRE The utility of this analysls as an<br />
indicator results from <strong>the</strong> tsct that at present<br />
<strong>the</strong> total concentration of chroniium in <strong>the</strong> fuel<br />
salt is low (9‘0 ppm). Relatively minor changes<br />
are, <strong>the</strong>refore, reflected in significant<br />
n<br />
I ri concentratlon. In future<br />
J<br />
LIJ Y<br />
100<br />
I o 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 12<br />
RiJN NUMBER<br />
Flg. 8.1. Summary of MSRE Fuel Solt Analyses.<br />
operation it is possible that <strong>the</strong> total concentra-<br />
tion of chromium in <strong>the</strong> fuel circuit will increase<br />
~<br />
-<br />
A S. Meyer, Jr., to R. E. Thoma, prlvate communlration,<br />
May 12, 1967.<br />
’J. P. Young, MSR Program Sen7rann Progr Rept<br />
Fer). 28, 1967, <strong>ORNL</strong>-4119, p. 153.