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ANP QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT a lower seal temperature; also, the shaft will be operated at a lower speed. The pump is a ( 4 regenerative-turbine” type, but it differs from conventional design in a number of points. There is no positive shaft seal, but, rather, there is close clearance between the shaft and the impeller housing. Some fluid leaks along the shaft laby- rinth into the small combination sump and expansion chamber and is then drawn back into the impeller through a hole connecting the sump to the pump suction. To accommodate thermal expansion, total impeller side clearances have been increased to 0.060 in., as compared with the usual 64 60 56 52 48 __ 44 ~ 40 ~ - 36 - c .A- __ 3 32 I 28 __ 24 20 46 12 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 8- 4- ~ ~ __ UNCLASSIFIED -t IMPELLER SIDE CLEARANCE (in.) SYMBOL1 FRONT I BACK /TOTAL 1 0.030 10.034 10.061 A 0.022 0.044 0.063 o 1 0.043 ~0.020~ 0.063 ORNL-LR-DWG 4522 0- 0 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 48 FLOW (gpm) Fig. 3.1. Performance Characteristics of a Regenerative-Turbine Type of Horizontal-Shaft Sump Pump Tested with Water. 42 - 0.005 to 0.010 in. The size of the pump envelope has been reduced by locating the inlet and dis- charge ports axially rather than radially at the periphery and by decreasing the annular passage around the impeller. A Lucite model incorporating the changes made as a result of the tests described above has been tested with water. The curves of Figs. 3.1 and 3.2 give pump performance characteristics at dif- ferent speeds and impeller side clearances. As may be noted, the total impeller end clearance is a primary factor in determining pump performance, while the distribution of clearance, front to back, is relatively unimportant. This is fortu- nate, since the end clearance can be fixed in fabrication, but the impeller position is affected by thermal expansion and bearing alignment. e - ... 72 68 64 60 56 52 48 n a 44 W 8 40 36 32 28 24 20 46 42 UNCLASSIFIED ORNL-LR-DWG4523 I I I I 8 0.040 0.050 0 060 0 070 0 080 TOTAL IMPELLER END CLEARANCE (in) Fig. 3.2. Effect of Total Impeller End Clearance on Performance of the Regenerative-Turbine Type of HorizontaLShaft Sump Pump Tested with Water. .- 5 ‘ r .
The pump has unusual ability to remove gas. In water tests, air was injected into the impeller at a rate of several cubic inches per minute and was continuously removed with only a slight increase in the amount of gassing. Under normal operation there is usually no more than 1 vol % of gas in the fluid. The pump will satisfactorily prime and fill the test loop in which it is installed if fluid is added to the sump while the pump is running and the total impeller side clearances are maintained at 0.040 in. or less. However, priming becomes erratic with the greater clearances required for operation of the pump at high temperatures. Several methods have been demonstrated for ob- taining a positive displacement of fluid into the loop with large pump clearances. Each method, however, requires either complicated freeze valves or pressure controls. Vacuum filling appears to be the most attractive solution to the problem but has not been tested. Heat Exchanger D. F. Salmon L. P. Carpenter Aircraft Reactor Engineering Division A single-tube, longitudinally finned, salt-to-air heat exchanger has been fabricated for use in an in-pi le loop. Since the staggered-fin arrangement required to ensure adequate heat transfer with air resulted in a very high pressure drop, it seems imperative to use a lead shielded recirculating system with a secondary gas-to-water heat exchanger for safety in the event of a salt break into the gas stream. The use of helium would PERIOD ENDING DECEMBER 70,7954 The test loop, set up at K-25 for examining ARE fuel-tube hair-pin sections and an ARE heat exchanger, was stopped after 2047 hr of nearly trouble-free operation for removal and examination of the ARE test components. At the time of removal of the ARE test components, only a cursory inspection of the pump was made because operation had been trouble-free except for the plugging of gas nozzles with zirconium fluoride vapor condensate. An inspection of the inside surfaces of the pump tank cover revealed stalactites of salt that covered nearly all riser and nozzle skirts and bolts and protruded beneath the lower heat radiation baffle into the puinp tank gas space. These stalactites are not deleterious to pump operation. The loop was modified to consist only of the pump, loop piping, throttling valve, and the previously used venturi element, and the pump has now been operated for an ad- ditional 1000 hr at 135OoF, 40 gpm, and 1.500 rpm. Slight noises were noticed at the pump bearing housing after a total of 2847 hr of operation. However, these noises had not greatly increased when the total operating time had reached 3000 hr. The gas-line-plugging problem which was en- countered after 2047 hr of operation was eliminated completely by a newly designed vapor trap. Oper- ation of the loop is being continued as a life test of the pump. Pump performance data (Fig. 3.3) were obtained over the speed range 600 to 1400 rpm with thefluo- ride mixture NaF-ZrF,-UF, (53.5-40-6.5 mole %) at 130OOF. Other tests of ARE-scale pumps were made to determine critical speeds nnd per-
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