STUDIES OF ENERGY RECOVERY LINACS AT ... - CASA
STUDIES OF ENERGY RECOVERY LINACS AT ... - CASA
STUDIES OF ENERGY RECOVERY LINACS AT ... - CASA
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design parameters, most notably achieving over 2 kW of average IR power.<br />
As a result of the IR FEL Demo’s demonstrated success, the attractive features<br />
of an SRF linac with energy recovery became apparent. Applications of ERLs<br />
were extended to synchrotron radiation sources, electron cooling and electron-ion<br />
colliders. However, these new applications require a significant extrapolation of the<br />
operating parameters achieved at the FEL, such as beam energy and current.<br />
In 2001, a proposal was put forth to non-invasively test energy recovery on a<br />
large scale using CEBAF [19]. Because it is a recirculating linac, operating CEBAF<br />
with energy recovery requires only minor modifications. The two major components<br />
installed were a magnetic chicane to provide a half-RF wavelength delay and a beam<br />
dump. In 2003, 80 µA of average beam current was successfully energy recovered<br />
from 1056 MeV to the injection energy of 56 MeV [20]. The experiment demon-<br />
strated that large scale energy recovery - through 312 SRF cavities and transported<br />
through 1.3 km of beamline - is feasible. The details of this experiment are the topic<br />
of Chapter 2.<br />
The most recent ERL at Jefferson Laboratory is the upgrade to the IR FEL<br />
Demo. Regarding the driver, the most substantial upgrades are an additional two<br />
cryomodules to increase the beam energy to 145 MeV and doubling the injected<br />
current from 5 mA to 10 mA. In 2004 with all three cryomodules installed, 7.5 mA<br />
of average beam current was energy recovered from 145 MeV to 9 MeV [21]. This<br />
represents 1.1 MW of recirculating beam power. Due to insufficiently damped HOMs<br />
in the final cryomodule installed, beam breakup has developed at currents below<br />
the nominal operating current. The investigation of this instability in the FEL<br />
Upgrade is the primary topic of this dissertation and is covered in Chapter 3 through<br />
Chapter 7.<br />
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