High Brightness Electron Beam Diagnostics and their ... - CASA
High Brightness Electron Beam Diagnostics and their ... - CASA High Brightness Electron Beam Diagnostics and their ... - CASA
Parabolic off-axis reflector ~ 300 mm Wire Grid Polarizer Figure5.11:Overviewoftheopticstoguidethecoherenttransitionradiationemittedfroman aluminumfoiltotheentranceoftheinterferometer. Air Actuator to insert TR radiator Plano-convex into the beam path Light shield lens (f IR =125 mm) mirror(M1)ismountedonamicropositionerthatcantranslateby1msteps.Twopicomo- Beam direction optical port Aluminum Foil sitivearea.Itisan-oaxisgold-sputteredreectorwithafocallengthof10cm. Theplanarmirrorsarestandardopticalcircularmirrorsof50:8mmdiameter.Themovable Theparabolicreectorisusedtofocusanincomingcollimatedbeamontothedetectorsentorsarealsomountedonthemirrorgimbalmountsthatcanbeusedremotelytoadjustthe horizontalandverticalinclinationofthemirrortomakesureitiscoplanarwiththeimageof thexedmirror(M2)throughthebeamsplitter. "Switcher" Mirror ~ 600 mm 125 mm ThepolarizinginterferometerisdepictedinFig5.12:Let'srstanalyzehowapolarizinginterfer- 5.5.2TheoryofOperation ometerworksinthesimplistic(usual)caseofaplaneTEMwave.Afterward,wewillrenethis TheGolaycell(seeFig.5.7)anditsacquisitionsystemhavebeendescribedpreviously. analysisincludingtheeectduetoTRelectriceld. Let!E(t)betheelectriceldincomingintotheinterferometer.Whenthiseldentersthe ~ 400 mm ~ 300 mm Fixed Mirror Wire Grid Polarizer Movable Mirror Golay Cell Detector
Ε’ 2 B Mirror M 2 Ε2 Polarizer P 2 A w Ω Ε Ε’ 1 1 v^ Ε’’ 1 Parabolic u^ Movable Mirror M Reflector Ε’’ 1 2 M 3 EG Golay Cell Direction of propagation E0 Polarizer P 1 O TR from Al foil M 0 ^ polarizercanbewrittenas: vertical,buandbv,coordinatesystem(seegure5.11fordetail),theelectriceldafterthe withrespecttothehorizontalplane.Theeectofthispolarizerisonlytotransmittheeld polarizationwhosedirectionisparalleltothewires.Thereforeinthestandardhorizontal- MichelsoninterferometeritrstencountersapolarizerP1whosewiresareorientedat45deg Figure5.12:SimpliedschematicsoftheMichelsonpolarizinginterferometer. !E0(t)=bu+bv Inthevariablelengtharm(1):thereectedeldwrites: verticalpolarizationistransmittedtothexedarm(2),(!E2). polarizationoftheelectriceldgetreectedinthevariablelengtharm(1)(!E1)whereasthe ThenasecondpolarizerP2,locatedatapproximately130mmfromP1,thatplaystherole ofbeamsplitter,interceptstheopticalbeam.Sinceitswiresarehorizontal,thehorizontal p2E0(t) (5.26) andpropagatesuptothemobilemirrorM1whereitisreected.Thereectedeld!E01is (thereectionintroducesafactorexp(i): !E01(t)=Rp2E0(t+)bu !E1(t)=Rp2E0(t)bu (5.28) (5.27) theelectriceldwrites: whereisatimedelayintroducedbythemirror.Byconvention,=0whenthemirrorM1 isatthesamedistancefromthebeamsplitterasM2.Theelectriceld!E01back-propagates tothebeamsplitterandisreectedasecondtimeonP2.Finallyattheexitofthearm(1) !E00 1(t)=R2 p2E0(t+)bu (5.29)
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Ε’<br />
2<br />
B<br />
Mirror M<br />
2<br />
Ε2<br />
Polarizer P<br />
2<br />
A<br />
w<br />
Ω<br />
Ε Ε’<br />
1 1<br />
v^<br />
Ε’’<br />
1<br />
Parabolic<br />
u^<br />
Movable Mirror M<br />
Reflector<br />
Ε’’<br />
1<br />
2<br />
M<br />
3 EG Golay Cell<br />
Direction of propagation<br />
E0 Polarizer P<br />
1<br />
O<br />
TR from Al foil<br />
M<br />
0<br />
^<br />
polarizercanbewrittenas: vertical,bu<strong>and</strong>bv,coordinatesystem(seegure5.11fordetail),theelectriceldafterthe withrespecttothehorizontalplane.Theeectofthispolarizerisonlytotransmittheeld polarizationwhosedirectionisparalleltothewires.Thereforeinthest<strong>and</strong>ardhorizontal- MichelsoninterferometeritrstencountersapolarizerP1whosewiresareorientedat45deg Figure5.12:SimpliedschematicsoftheMichelsonpolarizinginterferometer.<br />
!E0(t)=bu+bv<br />
Inthevariablelengtharm(1):thereectedeldwrites: verticalpolarizationistransmittedtothexedarm(2),(!E2). polarizationoftheelectriceldgetreectedinthevariablelengtharm(1)(!E1)whereasthe ThenasecondpolarizerP2,locatedatapproximately130mmfromP1,thatplaystherole ofbeamsplitter,interceptstheopticalbeam.Sinceitswiresarehorizontal,thehorizontal p2E0(t) (5.26)<br />
<strong>and</strong>propagatesuptothemobilemirrorM1whereitisreected.Thereectedeld!E01is (thereectionintroducesafactorexp(i): !E01(t)=Rp2E0(t+)bu !E1(t)=Rp2E0(t)bu (5.28) (5.27)<br />
theelectriceldwrites: whereisatimedelayintroducedbythemirror.Byconvention,=0whenthemirrorM1 isatthesamedistancefromthebeamsplitterasM2.Theelectriceld!E01back-propagates tothebeamsplitter<strong>and</strong>isreectedasecondtimeonP2.Finallyattheexitofthearm(1) !E00 1(t)=R2 p2E0(t+)bu (5.29)
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